Primates evolved over time, developing traits like opposable thumbs and binocular vision. Early hominids like Australopithecines exhibited traits of both apes and humans, while later groups including Homo sapiens, Neanderthals, and Cro-Magnons showed increasingly human-like characteristics. Primate evolution involved adapting to life in trees as well as walking on two legs.

1. Week 34
Primate Evolution
Ch. 16 pg 420
Primate evolution video
23 and me video

2. primate
 A group of mammals that includes lemurs,
monkeys, apes, and humans

3. speciation
 Process of evolution of a new species that
occurs when members of similar
populations no longer interbreed to
produce fertile offspring

4. arboreal
 Animals that live in trees

5. opposable thumb
 A thumb that can cross the palm to meet
the other fingertips

6. binocular vision
 Eyes face forward so they can gauge
distance

7. anthropoid
 Human like primates

8. prehensile tail
 Long, muscular tail used as 5th limb,
grasping tree branches

9. fossil
 Evidence of an organism that lived long
ago that is preserved in the earth’s rocks

10. bipedal
Able to walk on two legs

11. hominoid
 Bipedal primates that include modern
humans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and
bonobos

12. hominid
 Bipedal primates that include modern
humans and direct ancestors

13. australopithecine
 Early hominid that lived in Africa and
possessed both apelike and humanlike
characteristics

14. Neanderthal
 Lived from about 35,000 – 100,000 years
ago in Europe, Asia and Middle East, had
thick bones and large faces with
prominent noses

15. Cro-Magnon
 Identical to modern humans in height,
skull and tooth structure and brain size,
tool makers and artists

16. And now, the quiz
23 and me video

17. 1
 Evidence of an organism that lived long
ago that is preserved in the earth’s rocks

18. 2
 A thumb that can cross the palm to meet
the other fingertips

19. 3
 Bipedal primates that include modern
humans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and
bonobos

20. 4
 Animals that live in trees

21. 5
 Bipedal primates that include modern
humans and direct ancestors

22. 6
 Identical to modern humans in height,
skull and tooth structure and brain size,
tool makers and artists

23. 7
 Early hominid that lived in Africa and
possessed both apelike and humanlike
characteristics

24. 8
 A group of mammals that includes lemurs,
monkeys, apes, and humans

25. 9
 Lived from about 35,000 – 100,000 years
ago in Europe, Asia and Middle East, had
thick bones and large faces with
prominent noses

26. 10
 Eyes face forward so they can gauge
distance

27. 11
 Human like primates

28. 12
 Process of evolution of a new species that
occurs when members of similar
populations no longer interbreed to
produce fertile offspring

29. 13
 Long, muscular tail used as 5th limb,
grasping tree branches

30. 14
Able to walk on two legs

31. 15
 A group of mammals that includes lemurs,
monkeys, apes, and humans

32. 16
 Eyes face forward so they can gauge
distance

33. Mahalo