1. Identify the problem
 When given a problem to solve, I find it essential
to identify the root of the problem, and to
decided whether it can be solved by engineering
design.
 Focusing on the root of the problem simplifies
the solution brainstorming process and
increases accuracy.

2. Brainstorm possible
solutions
 Use creative thinking techniques to brainstorm
possible solutions to the problem.
 At this early stage, I prefer not to focus too much
on the technical details of the solutions.

3. Evaluate and reframe problem
if needed
 Evaluate the possible solutions and decide
whether there is scope for developing an
engineering solution to the problem.
 Reframe the problem requirements if needed.

4. Conceptual Design
Brainstorming
 Sketch / model designs based on the initial
brainstorming stage solutions as well as on newly
thought of solutions.
 Develop detailed designs by deciding what the main
features of the product will be.
 Functionality, cost, durability, and other DFXs must
be taken into account when developing these
designs.
 Low-fidelity prototypes should be made.
 May need to reframe problem requirements after
evaluating the designs.

5. Select best solution
 Use decision-making process and cost-benefit
analysis to decide which of the designs is the
best solution to implement by evaluating how
well it meets the design criteria.

6. Build and test prototype
 Build a high level prototype of the chosen
design.
 Test the prototype, and ensure that it meets all
requirements.
 Identify evident problems or sources for future
problems, and try to eliminate them by
modifying or prototype.
 May need to reframe problem requirements
again after evaluating the prototype, though
this should only be done after working with
different versions of the prototype.

7. Evaluate and refine prototype
into finished product
 Evaluate the prototype, and after reaching the
stage where the prototype is error-free and
ready to be converted into a finished product,
finalize the other aspects of the design.