1. Industrial Ecology Pollution and Control Analysis By Waqas Ali Tunio (07ME34) Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah - Pakistan

2. Industrial ecology involves designing industrial infrastructure as if they were a series of interlocking man-made ecosystems interfacing with natural global ecosystem. Industrial ecology takes the pattern of the natural environment as a model for solving environmental problems, creating a new paradigm for the industrial system as a process Tibbs (1993) Industrial Ecology

3. Industrial Ecology is the means by which humanity can deliberately and rationally approach and maintain a desirable carrying capacity, given continued economic, cultural and technological evolution. The concept requires that an industrial system be viewed not in isolation from its surrounding systems, but in concert with them. Allenby & Gradel 1993 Industrial Ecology

4. Resource & energy flowsLinear model unlimited resources unlimited waste ecosystem

5. Resource & energy flowsSemi-cyclical model limited resources and energy limited waste ecosystem

6. Resource & energy flowsCyclical model energy ecosystem Source: Graedel, T.E., “On the concept of industrial ecology”, Annual Review of Energy and Environment, no. 21, 1996, p. 77.

7. A closed system except for solar energy A given natural capital stock of matter embodied in biotic and abiotic materials With a fixed stock it supports a fantastic number and variety of life forms in a complex dynamic equilibrium Spaceship Earth as an Ecosystem

8. Ecosystem Principles Ecosystem members include producers, consumers, and recyclers – closed loop systems Population growth of members is limited by carrying capacity of the ecosystem Symbiosis between members Close proximity of members Decentralized decision-making among members (no central planner) Renewable energy input to system (i.e.solar) No wastes – all by-products are inputs Self-sustaining (sustainable growth) Resilience

9. But nothing lasts forever In fact, it’s the Law! (The Second Law of Thermodynamics, actually.) Everything made, eventually decays and becomes Waste Hence the rub...

10. Industrial/economic systems Transform energy and matter to meet human needs, but….

12. Population growth of members is limited by carrying capacity of the ecosystem

13. Symbiosis between members

14. Close proximity of members

15. Decentralized decision-making among members (no central planner)

16. Renewable energy input to system (i.e.solar)

17. No wastes – all by-products are inputs

18. Self-sustaining (sustainable growth)

20. Designing industrial systems using ecosystem analogy Minimizing matter and energy use (Dematerialization) Industrial Ecology

21. Key Concepts in Industrial Ecology Systems analysis Material and energy flows and transformations Analogies to natural systems (creation of industrial ecosystems) Dematerialization of industrial output Closed loop systems Balancing industrial input and output to natural ecosystem capacity Multidisciplinary approach