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Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013.
All rights reserved. Draft 1.7, April 9, 2013
STRATEGIC PRODUCT
MANAGEMENT
Frequent product management
problems2
 Thinking too tactically about product management and
marketing
 Too small a budget
 Unreasonable project time lines
 Risky product development projects
 Conflicting information from customers and prospects
 Dealing with a superior competitive offering
 Internal conflict about what the product should look like
 Insufficient marketing and sales attention
 Opinionated senior management
 Nasty surprises from competitors or the economic
environment
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Introduction
 Product management means different things to
different people
 So, how do you succeed if your stakeholders
have different expectations?
 You can’t deliver apples if your stakeholders are
expecting oranges
 You need a strategic perspective on your job
and how to succeed both in terms of your
product success and your personal success
3
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Stakeholders are
 The people, groups and outside players who can
help or prevent you implementing your product
strategy
 Examples:
 Venture capitalists and boards of directors
 Bosses with incentives tied to performance
 Unreasonable people (technical description: “a--
holes”*)
 Distributors, VARs, consultants, etc.
 Different classes of users
 Internal experts
 Departments upon whom you are dependent
 Press and reviewers
 Technology consulting firms, e.g. Gartner
* See Robert Sutton’s The No A—Hole Rule
4
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
How to think about stakeholders
 How do they frame the issues of product
management?
 What minimal activities and outcomes must you
deliver?
 Satisfiers
 What will they reward you for, the more that you
produce?
 Drivers
 Where is the upper limit of outcomes beyond which
performance is damaging to you, to the company, to
the stakeholder?
 What contingent events must you plan for?
 What are your stakeholders’ tolerances for risk and
different levels of outcomes?
 What timelines are they on?
5
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Resolving resource allocation
issues
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
6
Satisfiers Drivers
Casual users
Heavy users
Developers
Venture capitalists/BofD
CEO
VP Sales
Media
Distributors
Banks
Dealing with stakeholder
conflict
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
7
 Model 1: The Big Stick
 Enlist a senior decision maker
 Model 2: Facilitated Planning Session
 Use a neutral but knowledgeable facilitator to force
priority setting and consensus on next steps
 Model 3: Reframe the Problem With New Data
 Invest in data to reframe the problem
 Model 4: Test and Reframe
 Use iterative test strategy to build consensus on what
works
 For market
 For product development
 For customer service
Shifts in product development
 In the past
 High development cost
and barriers to entry
 Few software choices and
high prices
 Availability and first to
market often all that was
necessary
 Generalized products
 Few business model
variations
 Today
 Development cost is often
incremental
 Explosion of choice and
low prices
 Marketing expenditures,
share of mind, PR,
positioning, design and
quality more important
 The Zeitgeist problem
 Niched products
 Competition based upon
business model and legal
rights or different
competitive paradigms
8
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Example of proliferation of competitive
choices and business models
Business
model
Purchase Rental Subscription Advertising
based
Sponsored
Books
Music
Video
Softwar
e
Service
s
9
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Example of legal rights that can be bundled
or unbundled with business model
 Quality, e.g. with video or audio books
 Number of devices, e.g. with cable, music or video
 Back-up and cloud storage, e.g. Amazon, Google,
Apple iCloud, Norton Zone
 Resale and inheritance rights
 Access across multiple devices, e.g. tablets,
phones, computers, game machines
 Bundling of services and software, e.g. MS-Office,
cellular voice and data plans
 Upgrade rights, e.g. CD + MP3 download, DVD and
Blueray, next generation upgrade (Windows 7 to 8
in 2012)
10
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Examples of framings
 Lean startups
 Proof of concept vs. cost of
growing business
 Selective overinvestment in
key features
 Pareto functionality
 Crossing the chasm
 Sustaining innovation vs.
disruptive innovation
 Experiment vs. core
 Incremental product line
extension
 Installed base marketing
strategy
 Platform redesign
 Value of fast to market
 Value of quality
 Value of platform vs. other
sources of value creation
 Segmentation change
 Value transformation: product,
service, solution, experience
 Business model
transformation
 Stepping out of the comfort
zone
 Single period profitability,
multi-period profitability,
relationship profitability, value
of users vs. buyers
11
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
For a product manager, success
means:12
 Getting many things right
 Revenues, products, reviews
 Internal support for the product
 Product design
 Product development
 Distribution
 Marketing messaging and positioning
 Perceptions of momentum in the market place
 Recognition of value created
 Understanding of relative performance over competition
 Third party assessments (social, consultants, word of mouth)
 Sales activity
 Support
 Not overinvesting in activities where a minimal level of
performance is acceptable
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
What makes a new product
successful?
 Research suggests that the strongest predictor
of new product success is
 Offering a differentiated high value product
 Value
 Varies by segment, so you need to understand
segment needs
 Major cause of failure
 Inadequate market research and knowledge of
customers
13
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
What makes a company
successful?
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
14
 If faced with a choice between “better” and
“cheaper”, choose better *
 Growing revenues matters more than growing
profits
 Vs.
 Christensen disruption or Blue Ocean
strategies
 Less but acceptable performance that opens up a
new group of buyers * Source: Raynor, Michael and Ahmed, Mumtaz:
The Three Rules: How Exceptional Companies Think, Portfolio
If you have an existing product
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
15
 You need to know:
 Who is buying your product
 Who are the heavy users
 Who are the non-users
 What kind of net promoter score do you have
 How usage varies by country
 Performance relative to competitors
 Rate of competitor innovation
 Reputation and ecosystem performance
 Internal team, resources and stakeholder
commitment
Why the product manager
matters
 Major comparison of US and Japanese auto
industries in 90s
 Japanese companies producing high quality
products and taking less time to develop
products
 Product management differences seemed key:
 Japanese product managers were senior and
given high degrees of autonomy and authority.
They were mini-CEOs.
 US product managers were more coordinating in
role and had less seniority and power
16
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
The Wayne Gretzky talent
17
 As a hockey player, he maintained, he was
good because he skated to where the puck
would be, not where it was currently
 A product manager in a high tech industry
must be like Wayne Gretzky for three reasons:
 Consumers are transformed by the use of
technology products, causing their expectations
to change
 Technology improves over time
 Competitors introduce new features
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Global innovation
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
18
 In many markets, the US is not likely to be the leading
edge source of innovation. Examples:
 Chinese modular building practices. China is building
housing for 300M Chinese and operating at a scale
equivalent to the entire US cumulative housing stock
 Automobile innovation. No speed limit markets in
German encourage better high speed engineering. Product
liability issues slow innovation in US in e.g. sensors and
self-driving cars. Higher gas prices incent more innovation
in Japan and Europe.
 Medical services delivery. Product liability issues in US
and lower available government budgets in developing
countries will encourage lower cost delivery processes and
technologies.
 Research says that new product innovation based
upon global innovation do better
Top Innovation Ecosystems
1. Silicon Valley
2. Tel Aviv
3. Los Angeles
4. Seattle
5. New York City
6. Boston
7. London
8. Toronto
9. Vancouver
10. Chicago
11. Paris
12. Sydney
13. Sao Paulo
14. Moscow
15. Berlin
16. Waterloo (Canada)
17. Singapore
18. Melbourne
19. Bangalore
20. Santiago
19
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Source: Startup Genome. (Asia underrepresented in surve
Moore’s Law assumption
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
20
 If one were to characterize Silicon Valley product
management strategies, most fall into two
categories:
1. Riding a technology curve such as Moore’s Law
 Implications: costs are dropping, performance is improving,
so by virtue of supply and demand, the market will grow
 Lower cost per unit and higher performance enable new
applications
 Examples: telecom transport and fiber optics, software,
processors, flash memory and hard drives
2. Putting activities on the Internet and using self
service to drive down costs
Example of different value
propositions
 Perfectly Clear, a Calgary based photo
software company
 Key benefit: one click photo optimization with
post optimization fine-tuning
 PC-based version: $199.00
 Mobile phone version: $1.99
 Industrial strength model for printing operations:
Negotiable, but presumably higher price in
$000s+ range for larger retailers.
21
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
There’s more than one way to skin
a cat other than segmentation22
 Different types of innovation
 Process innovation, e.g. Dell
 Product innovation, e.g. Apple
 Business model innovation, e.g. Netflix, Adobe
Creative Suite subscription model,
Salesforce.com
 Combinatorial innovation, e.g. e-books with cloud
storage (product, value, technology innovation)
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Drivers of cost advantage
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
23
 Experience curves
 Time based competition
 Scale
 Network effects
 Complexity
 Scope
 Capacity utilization
Only 2 out of 3 are possible
High quality/broad scope
FastLow project cost
A fast project with low project cost is likely not to be very capable or of high quality
A fast project with high quality is likely to be expensive.
A low project cost with high quality will not be a fast project
24
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Achieving all 3 is sometimes
possible
 But it means thinking outside the box
 Examples:
 Paradigm shift
 Disruptive strategy
 Persona driven innovation
 Business model shift
 Technology shift
 Radical change increases the need for internal
support and perhaps a portfolio approach to
product management
25
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Capabilities maturity model
(CMM)
Heroic efforts.
High uncertainty
about skills
needs and time
to develop
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5
Limited competencies
Some rules of thumb
about simpler
product development
Still high uncertainty
about novel or
first time features
Some understanding of
market
Generally high
competencies
Many rules of thumb
about simpler
product development
Better understanding of
market
Predictable product
development processes.
Good understand of
evolving customer needs.
Optimization of
product development
and marketing tested
at high level of
sophistication
26
Typical problems:
Wrong skills
Unpredictable
delivery
Over-budget
High error rate
Platform capabilities
weak
Typical problems:
Scaling and
performance
Missing emerging
user needs
Overconfidence about
skills and budget
Unrealistic senior
mgt. expectations
Typical problems:
Failure to address
platform shortfalls.
Loss of team
members to other
teams
Typical problems:
As “mature” product,
resources and
passion may be in
short supply.
Incremental
innovation pursued.
Typical problems:
Company may have
difficulty responding
to process innovation,
business model
innovation or
disruptive competitors
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Portfolio management
 Types of product management investment
 Logical incremental sustaining innovation
 Adjacent innovation
 Disruptive innovation
 Experiments
 Shifting along the curve from product to service to
solution to experience
 It’s important to frame these projects differently
and not be trapped by the same evaluative
frameworks or budgets
27
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Evolving value propositions
Delivering emotions, stories and insig
Product Service Solution Experience
Competing on features and value proposition
Competing on involvement in delivering solution, and on pricing model
Taking responsibility for workflow and/or outcomes
28
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
The routinizing curve
First time project
Low number of projects: heuristics/rules of thumb developed, some reuse
Percentage of reuse approaches 50%.
Supplier configurable product
User configurable product, probably requires training
Self-configurating products
29
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Pricing strategies
30
 Riding the experience curve
 Price where your costs are today vs. price where
you costs will be and use your lower price to get
to that point on the curve
 Creaming vs. skimming: high price for initial users
with high need for product, then drop prices once
you have crossed the chasm
 Freemium model
 Initial users are a prospect pool acquired at low
cost
 The actual business is based upon conversion of
non-paying customers to a paying status
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Pricing models vary based upon
your product management goals31
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Reference: Simonetto, Michael and Davidson, Alistair: Pricing strategy and execution:
an overlooked way to increase revenues and profits, Strategy & Leadership magazine and Deloitte, 2005
The value implications of rapid
development and fast iteration
 Case 1:
 One year development cycles
 Value proposition improvement in each cycle: 25%
 Case 2
 Three month development cycles
 Value proposition improvement in each cycle: 10%
 At end of five years:
 Case 1: 1.0 X (1.25 ** 4) = 2.44
 Case 2: 1.0 X (1.10 ** 11) = 2.85
 But key point is that there have been more
opportunities to understand the customer usage and
experience and perhaps modify the roadmap
32
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Segmentation strategies
 Reverse segmentation
 One product that can service multiple segments
 Increased segmentation
 Tailored products, services and solutions targeted to different
segments
 Demographics, psychographics, infographics, persona based
 Bundling
 Superior value from greater share of wallet
 Recognition of lower value of less used benefits
 Business model and pricing changes
 Purchase vs. lease
 Pick and choose functionality with optional upgrades and
bundling
33
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Purchase model examples
34
 Complex product purchase cycle
 Awareness
 Interest
 Intent to purchase
 Purchase
 Time to competence
 Time to productivity
 Time to repeat purchase or referral
 Financial services consumer life cycle
 Transaction enabling, e.g. credit cards, checking
 Savings
 Borrowing
 Debt repayment
 Investment
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Sprint selling
Low sales effort High sales effort
Low $
Per sale
High $
Per sale
Where everyone
wants to be
Typically
unprofitable
Often
optimum
target
Ideal but
extremely rare
Wrong place
to be
35
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Stubbornness vs. persistence
36
 Stubbornness is often confused with being
visionary
 Pivots occur
 It’s important to understand the difference
between
 stubbornness
 (refusal to listen to market feedback), and
 persistence
 (learning and adjusting your strategy)
 Only deep pocketed companies can be
stubborn and being stubborn is no guarantee
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
Scenario planning
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
37
 In an uncertain world, it’s prudent to lay out
several futures and test how your proposed
product strategy will do
 Scenarios provide a framework for
communicating with stakeholders
 Scenarios help define the triggers for
contingent plans
 In other words, you need Plan A, Plan B and
Plan C
Seven product management
thoughts
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
38
1. Moving quickly matters but not at the cost of
product quality
2. Differentiated high value targeted at a segment
is key
3. Deep involvement with customers makes a
difference
4. Conflict needs to be resolved quickly
5. Contingency plans are needed
6. Borrow widely
7. Don’t commit to the impossible
Seven product marketing
thoughts
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
39
1. If you understand your product in detail, you will
have difficulty designing a messaging and
positioning strategy by yourself
2. Customers don’t care about your features
3. It takes an extra step to understand and quantify
benefits
4. Social marketing is only worth investing in if you can
measure it
5. Post sale marketing can be as important as pre-
sales marketing
6. Delight matters
7. Net promoter score is a good measure of customer
satisfaction
Words of wisdom
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
40
 “The history of information technology can be
characterized as the overestimation of what
can be accomplished immediately and the
underestimation of the long-term
consequences.”
Paul Strassman, Information Pay-Off, 1985
A final thought: a new generation of
strategy
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
41
 Agent based strategies
 Business offerings that are based upon acting
on behalf of the customer
 Reference: Moriarty, Mike and Davidson, Alistair:
The Soapholder Effect: Why acting on behalf of
your customer should be your next strategy,
Executive Agenda, AT Kearney, atkearney.com
Contact information
 Alistair Davidson.
 E-mail: alistair@eclicktick.com
 Phone: +1-650-450-9011
 Business web site: www.eclicktick.com
 Blog: alistairdavidson.blogspot.com
 Twitter: @alistairdavidso
 LinkedIn:
http://www.linkedin.com/in/alistairdavidson
eclicktick
42
Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.

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Strategic product management 1 7 with photo cover

  • 1. Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. Draft 1.7, April 9, 2013 STRATEGIC PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
  • 2. Frequent product management problems2  Thinking too tactically about product management and marketing  Too small a budget  Unreasonable project time lines  Risky product development projects  Conflicting information from customers and prospects  Dealing with a superior competitive offering  Internal conflict about what the product should look like  Insufficient marketing and sales attention  Opinionated senior management  Nasty surprises from competitors or the economic environment Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 3. Introduction  Product management means different things to different people  So, how do you succeed if your stakeholders have different expectations?  You can’t deliver apples if your stakeholders are expecting oranges  You need a strategic perspective on your job and how to succeed both in terms of your product success and your personal success 3 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 4. Stakeholders are  The people, groups and outside players who can help or prevent you implementing your product strategy  Examples:  Venture capitalists and boards of directors  Bosses with incentives tied to performance  Unreasonable people (technical description: “a-- holes”*)  Distributors, VARs, consultants, etc.  Different classes of users  Internal experts  Departments upon whom you are dependent  Press and reviewers  Technology consulting firms, e.g. Gartner * See Robert Sutton’s The No A—Hole Rule 4 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 5. How to think about stakeholders  How do they frame the issues of product management?  What minimal activities and outcomes must you deliver?  Satisfiers  What will they reward you for, the more that you produce?  Drivers  Where is the upper limit of outcomes beyond which performance is damaging to you, to the company, to the stakeholder?  What contingent events must you plan for?  What are your stakeholders’ tolerances for risk and different levels of outcomes?  What timelines are they on? 5 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 6. Resolving resource allocation issues Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 6 Satisfiers Drivers Casual users Heavy users Developers Venture capitalists/BofD CEO VP Sales Media Distributors Banks
  • 7. Dealing with stakeholder conflict Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 7  Model 1: The Big Stick  Enlist a senior decision maker  Model 2: Facilitated Planning Session  Use a neutral but knowledgeable facilitator to force priority setting and consensus on next steps  Model 3: Reframe the Problem With New Data  Invest in data to reframe the problem  Model 4: Test and Reframe  Use iterative test strategy to build consensus on what works  For market  For product development  For customer service
  • 8. Shifts in product development  In the past  High development cost and barriers to entry  Few software choices and high prices  Availability and first to market often all that was necessary  Generalized products  Few business model variations  Today  Development cost is often incremental  Explosion of choice and low prices  Marketing expenditures, share of mind, PR, positioning, design and quality more important  The Zeitgeist problem  Niched products  Competition based upon business model and legal rights or different competitive paradigms 8 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 9. Example of proliferation of competitive choices and business models Business model Purchase Rental Subscription Advertising based Sponsored Books Music Video Softwar e Service s 9 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 10. Example of legal rights that can be bundled or unbundled with business model  Quality, e.g. with video or audio books  Number of devices, e.g. with cable, music or video  Back-up and cloud storage, e.g. Amazon, Google, Apple iCloud, Norton Zone  Resale and inheritance rights  Access across multiple devices, e.g. tablets, phones, computers, game machines  Bundling of services and software, e.g. MS-Office, cellular voice and data plans  Upgrade rights, e.g. CD + MP3 download, DVD and Blueray, next generation upgrade (Windows 7 to 8 in 2012) 10 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 11. Examples of framings  Lean startups  Proof of concept vs. cost of growing business  Selective overinvestment in key features  Pareto functionality  Crossing the chasm  Sustaining innovation vs. disruptive innovation  Experiment vs. core  Incremental product line extension  Installed base marketing strategy  Platform redesign  Value of fast to market  Value of quality  Value of platform vs. other sources of value creation  Segmentation change  Value transformation: product, service, solution, experience  Business model transformation  Stepping out of the comfort zone  Single period profitability, multi-period profitability, relationship profitability, value of users vs. buyers 11 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 12. For a product manager, success means:12  Getting many things right  Revenues, products, reviews  Internal support for the product  Product design  Product development  Distribution  Marketing messaging and positioning  Perceptions of momentum in the market place  Recognition of value created  Understanding of relative performance over competition  Third party assessments (social, consultants, word of mouth)  Sales activity  Support  Not overinvesting in activities where a minimal level of performance is acceptable Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 13. What makes a new product successful?  Research suggests that the strongest predictor of new product success is  Offering a differentiated high value product  Value  Varies by segment, so you need to understand segment needs  Major cause of failure  Inadequate market research and knowledge of customers 13 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 14. What makes a company successful? Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 14  If faced with a choice between “better” and “cheaper”, choose better *  Growing revenues matters more than growing profits  Vs.  Christensen disruption or Blue Ocean strategies  Less but acceptable performance that opens up a new group of buyers * Source: Raynor, Michael and Ahmed, Mumtaz: The Three Rules: How Exceptional Companies Think, Portfolio
  • 15. If you have an existing product Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 15  You need to know:  Who is buying your product  Who are the heavy users  Who are the non-users  What kind of net promoter score do you have  How usage varies by country  Performance relative to competitors  Rate of competitor innovation  Reputation and ecosystem performance  Internal team, resources and stakeholder commitment
  • 16. Why the product manager matters  Major comparison of US and Japanese auto industries in 90s  Japanese companies producing high quality products and taking less time to develop products  Product management differences seemed key:  Japanese product managers were senior and given high degrees of autonomy and authority. They were mini-CEOs.  US product managers were more coordinating in role and had less seniority and power 16 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 17. The Wayne Gretzky talent 17  As a hockey player, he maintained, he was good because he skated to where the puck would be, not where it was currently  A product manager in a high tech industry must be like Wayne Gretzky for three reasons:  Consumers are transformed by the use of technology products, causing their expectations to change  Technology improves over time  Competitors introduce new features Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 18. Global innovation Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 18  In many markets, the US is not likely to be the leading edge source of innovation. Examples:  Chinese modular building practices. China is building housing for 300M Chinese and operating at a scale equivalent to the entire US cumulative housing stock  Automobile innovation. No speed limit markets in German encourage better high speed engineering. Product liability issues slow innovation in US in e.g. sensors and self-driving cars. Higher gas prices incent more innovation in Japan and Europe.  Medical services delivery. Product liability issues in US and lower available government budgets in developing countries will encourage lower cost delivery processes and technologies.  Research says that new product innovation based upon global innovation do better
  • 19. Top Innovation Ecosystems 1. Silicon Valley 2. Tel Aviv 3. Los Angeles 4. Seattle 5. New York City 6. Boston 7. London 8. Toronto 9. Vancouver 10. Chicago 11. Paris 12. Sydney 13. Sao Paulo 14. Moscow 15. Berlin 16. Waterloo (Canada) 17. Singapore 18. Melbourne 19. Bangalore 20. Santiago 19 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. Source: Startup Genome. (Asia underrepresented in surve
  • 20. Moore’s Law assumption Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 20  If one were to characterize Silicon Valley product management strategies, most fall into two categories: 1. Riding a technology curve such as Moore’s Law  Implications: costs are dropping, performance is improving, so by virtue of supply and demand, the market will grow  Lower cost per unit and higher performance enable new applications  Examples: telecom transport and fiber optics, software, processors, flash memory and hard drives 2. Putting activities on the Internet and using self service to drive down costs
  • 21. Example of different value propositions  Perfectly Clear, a Calgary based photo software company  Key benefit: one click photo optimization with post optimization fine-tuning  PC-based version: $199.00  Mobile phone version: $1.99  Industrial strength model for printing operations: Negotiable, but presumably higher price in $000s+ range for larger retailers. 21 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 22. There’s more than one way to skin a cat other than segmentation22  Different types of innovation  Process innovation, e.g. Dell  Product innovation, e.g. Apple  Business model innovation, e.g. Netflix, Adobe Creative Suite subscription model, Salesforce.com  Combinatorial innovation, e.g. e-books with cloud storage (product, value, technology innovation) Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 23. Drivers of cost advantage Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 23  Experience curves  Time based competition  Scale  Network effects  Complexity  Scope  Capacity utilization
  • 24. Only 2 out of 3 are possible High quality/broad scope FastLow project cost A fast project with low project cost is likely not to be very capable or of high quality A fast project with high quality is likely to be expensive. A low project cost with high quality will not be a fast project 24 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 25. Achieving all 3 is sometimes possible  But it means thinking outside the box  Examples:  Paradigm shift  Disruptive strategy  Persona driven innovation  Business model shift  Technology shift  Radical change increases the need for internal support and perhaps a portfolio approach to product management 25 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 26. Capabilities maturity model (CMM) Heroic efforts. High uncertainty about skills needs and time to develop Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5 Limited competencies Some rules of thumb about simpler product development Still high uncertainty about novel or first time features Some understanding of market Generally high competencies Many rules of thumb about simpler product development Better understanding of market Predictable product development processes. Good understand of evolving customer needs. Optimization of product development and marketing tested at high level of sophistication 26 Typical problems: Wrong skills Unpredictable delivery Over-budget High error rate Platform capabilities weak Typical problems: Scaling and performance Missing emerging user needs Overconfidence about skills and budget Unrealistic senior mgt. expectations Typical problems: Failure to address platform shortfalls. Loss of team members to other teams Typical problems: As “mature” product, resources and passion may be in short supply. Incremental innovation pursued. Typical problems: Company may have difficulty responding to process innovation, business model innovation or disruptive competitors Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 27. Portfolio management  Types of product management investment  Logical incremental sustaining innovation  Adjacent innovation  Disruptive innovation  Experiments  Shifting along the curve from product to service to solution to experience  It’s important to frame these projects differently and not be trapped by the same evaluative frameworks or budgets 27 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 28. Evolving value propositions Delivering emotions, stories and insig Product Service Solution Experience Competing on features and value proposition Competing on involvement in delivering solution, and on pricing model Taking responsibility for workflow and/or outcomes 28 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 29. The routinizing curve First time project Low number of projects: heuristics/rules of thumb developed, some reuse Percentage of reuse approaches 50%. Supplier configurable product User configurable product, probably requires training Self-configurating products 29 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 30. Pricing strategies 30  Riding the experience curve  Price where your costs are today vs. price where you costs will be and use your lower price to get to that point on the curve  Creaming vs. skimming: high price for initial users with high need for product, then drop prices once you have crossed the chasm  Freemium model  Initial users are a prospect pool acquired at low cost  The actual business is based upon conversion of non-paying customers to a paying status Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 31. Pricing models vary based upon your product management goals31 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. Reference: Simonetto, Michael and Davidson, Alistair: Pricing strategy and execution: an overlooked way to increase revenues and profits, Strategy & Leadership magazine and Deloitte, 2005
  • 32. The value implications of rapid development and fast iteration  Case 1:  One year development cycles  Value proposition improvement in each cycle: 25%  Case 2  Three month development cycles  Value proposition improvement in each cycle: 10%  At end of five years:  Case 1: 1.0 X (1.25 ** 4) = 2.44  Case 2: 1.0 X (1.10 ** 11) = 2.85  But key point is that there have been more opportunities to understand the customer usage and experience and perhaps modify the roadmap 32 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 33. Segmentation strategies  Reverse segmentation  One product that can service multiple segments  Increased segmentation  Tailored products, services and solutions targeted to different segments  Demographics, psychographics, infographics, persona based  Bundling  Superior value from greater share of wallet  Recognition of lower value of less used benefits  Business model and pricing changes  Purchase vs. lease  Pick and choose functionality with optional upgrades and bundling 33 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 34. Purchase model examples 34  Complex product purchase cycle  Awareness  Interest  Intent to purchase  Purchase  Time to competence  Time to productivity  Time to repeat purchase or referral  Financial services consumer life cycle  Transaction enabling, e.g. credit cards, checking  Savings  Borrowing  Debt repayment  Investment Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 35. Sprint selling Low sales effort High sales effort Low $ Per sale High $ Per sale Where everyone wants to be Typically unprofitable Often optimum target Ideal but extremely rare Wrong place to be 35 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 36. Stubbornness vs. persistence 36  Stubbornness is often confused with being visionary  Pivots occur  It’s important to understand the difference between  stubbornness  (refusal to listen to market feedback), and  persistence  (learning and adjusting your strategy)  Only deep pocketed companies can be stubborn and being stubborn is no guarantee Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.
  • 37. Scenario planning Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 37  In an uncertain world, it’s prudent to lay out several futures and test how your proposed product strategy will do  Scenarios provide a framework for communicating with stakeholders  Scenarios help define the triggers for contingent plans  In other words, you need Plan A, Plan B and Plan C
  • 38. Seven product management thoughts Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 38 1. Moving quickly matters but not at the cost of product quality 2. Differentiated high value targeted at a segment is key 3. Deep involvement with customers makes a difference 4. Conflict needs to be resolved quickly 5. Contingency plans are needed 6. Borrow widely 7. Don’t commit to the impossible
  • 39. Seven product marketing thoughts Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 39 1. If you understand your product in detail, you will have difficulty designing a messaging and positioning strategy by yourself 2. Customers don’t care about your features 3. It takes an extra step to understand and quantify benefits 4. Social marketing is only worth investing in if you can measure it 5. Post sale marketing can be as important as pre- sales marketing 6. Delight matters 7. Net promoter score is a good measure of customer satisfaction
  • 40. Words of wisdom Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 40  “The history of information technology can be characterized as the overestimation of what can be accomplished immediately and the underestimation of the long-term consequences.” Paul Strassman, Information Pay-Off, 1985
  • 41. A final thought: a new generation of strategy Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved. 41  Agent based strategies  Business offerings that are based upon acting on behalf of the customer  Reference: Moriarty, Mike and Davidson, Alistair: The Soapholder Effect: Why acting on behalf of your customer should be your next strategy, Executive Agenda, AT Kearney, atkearney.com
  • 42. Contact information  Alistair Davidson.  E-mail: alistair@eclicktick.com  Phone: +1-650-450-9011  Business web site: www.eclicktick.com  Blog: alistairdavidson.blogspot.com  Twitter: @alistairdavidso  LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/alistairdavidson eclicktick 42 Copyright Alistair Davidson, 2013. All rights reserved.