1. Digital Energy
Multilin
Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring
System
“Co s t e ffe c tive e nd -to -e nd s o lutio n d e liv e ring a c tio na ble
inte llig e nc e thro ug h a d v a nc e d a na ly tic s ”
Armando Portalanza – Genesys – PowerTech Mgr
Eduardo Iglesias – GE EM DE GA LA – Sales Manager
Jorge Quiroz – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical Solutions
Edvaldo Mendonça – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical Solutions

2. Content
• Why monitor Overhead Networks? What are the benefits?
• Overview of the System
• Software Applications
• X-NET Software
• T-NET Software
• Monitoring Software
• The Equipment & Installation
• Q&A

3. Utility Challenges
Why Monitor Overhead Networks?
• Little visibility between substations and end customers
• Most network problems (faults) occur on overhead network
• AMI and Substation data only provides visibility of end points
• Distributed intelligence across the MV network provides more
visibility & opportunity for improving efficiency and reliability
• Need to optimize use of assets in Medium voltage network
• Enable the Network to Manage Distributed Generation

4. tility Challenges
eliability & Efficiency challenges on OH Networks
• Regulatory pressure to reduce outage time on distribution network
Increasing penalties for every minute of outage on utility networks.
Reduce SAIDI & CAIDI
• Need to reduced truck roll time and dispatches for false notifications
High cost of repair crews require while locating cause of outages
Reduce CAIDI and repair crew costs
• Capacity restrictions on Sub-transmission due to increase in Distributed
Generation
Capacity bottle necks requiring CAPEX spending to increase delivery capacity
Reduce CAPEX spending
• Detect locations causing non-technical losses on MV circuit
Incurring non-technical losses in MV network due to the lack of visibility to narrow down problem locations
Reduce cost of generation not able to bill for
• Focus maintenance activity
Identify ‘real’ problem areas of the network and target these sections for preventive maintenance
Reduce cost of maintenance and correct problems before they turn into
outages

5. ntelligent Line Monitoring Solution
What is it?
“End-to-End Solution with Advanced Analytics for
Improved Reliability and Efficiency”
• Sensors, Communications, Analytics, Visualization
• Analysis of accurate, time coherent data
• Server based Solution (Web accessible for pilots)
• Actionable commands improving Reliability &
Efficiency
• Directs field crews to the location of faults
• Targets where to next perform Maintenance
• Advises on how much additional load throughput
can be safely delivered through the conductors

6. Key Differentiators
ntelligent Line Monitoring Solution
ctionable Analytics Improving Reliability and Efficiency
Fault Location Dynamic Line Rating Maintenance Planning
•Automatically identifies fault location •Determines max safe loading of lines •Identifies lines indicating problems
•Strategic notification to field crews •Determines Sag caused by loading •Prioritizes maintenance requirements

7. Solution Overview
Sensor, Gateway, Communications, Operator Interface, Workforce
Optimization
Advanced data collection and processing for delivering tangible customer benefits:
X-NET Software Application
• Fault Location
• Fault Signature as RMS values on a cycle by cycle basis
• Fault Activity ‘Look Back’ Facility
• Load Profiling
• T-NET Software Application
• Dynamic Line Rating Calculation
• Sag Calculator
• Ice Load Warning (RIME)
• Weather Data Monitoring
• Load Profiling

8. Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring
Solution
System Architecture
Analytical Applications
•Fault location and Maintenance
GPS Satellite
planning (X-NET) provides timing
reference
•Dynamic Line Rating Calculation
and Analysis Software (T-NET)
Sensor Network Gateway
•Collects Sensor Data and provides
Backhaul Communications
Line Sensors
•Measures critical parameters of This installation constitutes
the overhead lines and stores in it’s one “Node” on the network
own buffer.

9. X-NET
Fault Location & Analysis System

10. X-NET Application
Key Differentiators
Fault Location and Immediate Crew Dispatch
Fault Location:
The X-NET System reports the fault
location, as the section of Network
between the last Node that has seen
the fault, and the first node on that
feeder that has not seen the fault.
The X-Net system detects and
captures:
• Earth Faults (In high and low
impedance grounding
treatments)
• Short Circuits
• Dropped phases
Distribute d Currents
• Cross Country faults (High
impedance grounding)
Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed to
determine the nature and location of the fault

11. X-NET Application
Key Differentiators
Fault Location on High Impedance Grounding
Treatments
In high impedance grounding treatments
the real part of the fault current needs to
be extracted to determine fault location.
The X-Net Software uses the open delta
voltage, measured by an SNG fitted at
the substation, and synchs this with the
fault current measurements captured by
the Line Sensors.
Sequence:
• The sub-station SNG captures
Change in ODV and sends it’s
data back to the server with a time
stamp. (20 cycles)
• The server polls all line sensors for Distributed Currents
their current data at the time of the
event. (20 Cycles) Substation
• The Server aligns the ODV data Open Delta
with the current data at each node, voltage
and determines the location of the
fault.
Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed
to determine the nature and location of the fault

12. X-NET Application
Fault Notifications
Remote Notifications and Access
•Field crews notified through Email or SMS message
enabling rapid mobilizing of repair teams.
•Messaging directs remote teams to the Fault Location
•Distinguishes between faults & transient events and only
notifies of outages >1 minute in length (user configurable)
•Remote web devices allows field operators to analyse the
data captured during fault
• Laptop computer
• I PAD
• Smart Phone
Email Notification Management
•Cell numbers and email addresses are managed and
set up in the System Console
•Roster schedules can be updated by the administrator
and new contacts added and removed

13. X-NET Application
Synchronization - key benefits
Grounding Treatments
•Detects faults on both high & low impedance grounding
•Uses wide area time synchronization to deliver time aligned
fault data.
Local Synchronization:
•Sensor sampling on each phase are time synchronized
•Synchronization achieves local phase relationship,
determines sequence currents and enriches the data.
W Area Synchronization:
ide
•All sensors can trigger network wide fault uploads
•X-NET software will analyze fault reports from Sensors
•Wide area analysis is performed for delivering the location of
fault.

14. X-NET Application
Key Differentiators
Prioritization of Overhead Line Maintenance
Maintenance Prioritization:
• Directs crews to where maintenance is
needed
• De-prioritize sections of lines not showing
indication of problems
• Guide Maintenance work required by the type
of faults occurring.
Repetitive transient faults indicative of:
• Need of tree trimming
• Salt buildup
• Aging equipment

15. X-NET Customer Application
ESB Networks, Ireland
About ESB Networks
•Distribution arm of ESB Ireland
•Serving 2.2 million customers
•A mixture of Hi-Z and Low-Z grounding treatments
Fault Location System Experience
•Installed X-NET system in 2009 to monitor 10 circuits (60
Sensors)
•Email and SMS messages sent directly to field crews at the
respective locations
•Over 100 events captured and every notification was found to be
an actual event
•Awarded contract to expand rollout of GE solution in 2013
installing over 1800 sensor locations
•Integration of X-Net software into ESB’s DMS systems
underway.

16. T-NET
Dynamic Line Rating System
“Improving line capacity”

17. Key Differentiators
T-NET Application
Maximizing Line Capacity SAG at 200 Amps
SAG at 600 Amps
Ensures Safety Tolerances are Maintained
Height
• Identifies ‘real time’ current carrying capability at
each node.
• Identifies maximum capacity before line sag
causes safety issues
• Provides operators with visualization of additional
line carrying capability & ground clearance
Drivers for increasing Line Capacity
• Distributed Generation
• Tighter control of Capex
• Asset utilization/optimization

18. Key Differentiators
T-NET Application
Methodology for Rating Overhead Lines
Static Line Rating Methodology
•Traditional method for determining circuit capacity ratings
•Calculation based on characteristics of conductor, line design
and determined at time of installation.
•Do not take real time conditions in determining capacity limits
•Tend to underestimate capacity thus not delivering full value of
installed assets
Static Rating Calculations
Dynamic Line Rating Methodology
•Utilizes Real-Time information to augment line sag calculations
to maximize usage of available capacity
•Real time information used can include:
• Local weather conditions
• Line loading conditions
• Conductor Temperature
Dynamically Rated Line

19. T-NET Application
Dynamic Line Rating – Technical Approaches
Distributed W eather and Substation load Data Approach:
•Uses static information (conductor size) and real time measurements
to estimate max loading that will not create unsafe Sag of lines
•Utilizes weather and load information to estimate conductor temp.
Distributed Load and Conductor Temperature Approach:
•Directly measures the temperature and load of the conductor
•Uses measurement in multiple locations to find capacity bottlenecks
Hybrid Approach: (Used by GE Line Monitoring System)
•Uses a combination of distributed weather, load, and conductor
temperature data
•Uses the Hybrid approach to provide operators with critical information
to maximize the capacity of their assets
•Delivers a low cost solution that optimizes capacity, and delivers a
conductor clearance safeguard

20. Key Differentiators
T-NET Application
Maximizing Efficiency & Throughput
Identifies & Quantifies Capacity bottlenecks
• Incorporates cooling and heating effects
due to topology and terrain
• Provides operators with visualization of
additional line current carrying capability
& the impact on sag & safety
• Suitable for networks up to 140kV
Topography and line orientation have a significant impact on the
current carrying capacity of each segment of the line

21. T-NET Application
Operator Interfaces Enabling Optimum
Utilization
Display of Real-time rating of line Line Sag Calculations
•Location on the line with capacity bottleneck •Calculates line sag at each measured location
•Current line loading •Additional sag measured due to heating conditions
•Maximum capacity at bottleneck location • Loading
•Additional current capacity that the line can support • Weather conditions
• Terrain Effects
•Clearance of Line to ground

22. T-NET Application
Dynamic Line Rating Algorithms
• The T-NET Software calculates the real time rating using the Cigre Model
• Based on data reports at ≥ 1 minute intervals from each of the deployed nodes on the circuit
• The Operator interface displays three values; the present load, rating, and available spare capacity.
Values analyzed in Rating Algorithms:
• Maximum conductor temperature
• Temperature coefficient of resistance
• Conductor type
• Ambient temperature
• Speed and angle of attack of the wind
• Diameter of conductor and Outer Wire
• DC Resistance at 20°C
• Solar Radiation
• AC resistance
• Latitude and Elevation above sea level
• When network changes are made, utilities can modify the settings on a node by node basis.

23. T-NET Application
Operator Interfaces
Tracking of local W eather Conditions Ice Load W arnings (RIME)
•Identifies local climate conditions affecting •Location on lines with greatest potential for Icing
operation or safety of the lines
•Enables the mobilizing of crews for potential
•Historical reference for predicting how weather conductor clearance and damage
conditions will affect line operating parameters
(predict future line load capability)

24. T-NET Customer Application
Scottish Power, North Wales
About Scottish Power
•70,000 km of underground cables
•46,000 km of overhead lines
•Over 30 fully operational wind farms
Dynamic Line rating System Experience
•Capacity bottleneck between large wind farm and sub-transmission network
•Planned to add 2 new sub-transmission lines to support wind farm expansion
•Installed T-Net system and monitored during summer period (peak capacity period)
•Identified that static rating of sub-transmission lines did not account for actual cooling effects and
existing line did not reach temperature defined by static ratings
•line rarely exceeded 32 degrees Celsius
•Reduced number of new subtransmission lines to be build from 2 down to 1

25. T-NET Customer Application
NPG, England
About NPG
•Northern Powergrid is an electricity distribution business, delivering electricity to 3.8 million
domestic and business customers.
•The network consists of more than 31,000 substations and around 91,000 kilometres of overhead
line and underground cables.
Dynamic Line rating System Experience
•Deployed the T-NET System at 4 sites on the 20kV Network.
•The objective was to compare dynamic rating v static rating in these 4 diverse sites.
•NPGs findings were comprehensive.
•Every site showed a large capacity surplus above static rating*:
• Site 1. Scar Brae +27.5%
• Site 2. Eglingham +62.1%
• Site 3. Whitehouse +37.9%
• Site 4. Broxfield +74.1%
• Add what is the impact to NPGs as a result of this
*Figures courtesy of Durham University March-May Data Analysis.

26. Additional Benefits
of GE’s Intelligent Line
Monitoring System

27. Line Load Monitoring
X-NET & T-NET
The Value of Network Monitoring
• Provides accurate and valuable network
information to multiple utility users:
• Planners
• Field Personnel
• Network Engineers
• Addition Network Reports available for all
monitored lines:
• Historical Individual Phase Current Loading
• Positive and Negative Sequence Currents
• Conductor Temperature *
• Wind Speed and Direction**
• Ambient Temperature, Solar Radiation Dew
Point **
* Requires Sensors with Temp Probes
** Requires Weather Stations

28. Line Load Monitoring
Value of Network Monitoring
Planners
•The Capacity of the Circuit being monitored can be analysed to
capture on critical spans.
•These spans can then be targeted for conductor re-enforcement, to
achieve overall network capacity uplift
Field Personnel Graphs display monitored data at each node
•Local access to individual phase load assists in improving phase
selection for new tap offs or repairs, and improves loading balance
throughout the network.
Network Engineers
•The use of load profiling is very useful as an indicator of
consumption changes or patterns, giving an early detection of non
technical losses.
Graphs display phase loading and sequence
currents at each node

29. Solution Building Blocks

30. System Building Blocks
FMC-T6 Line Sensor
• Suitable for O/H voltages from 480 V to 140 kV
• Two versions available – max 300A and max 600A
• Conductor temperature monitoring (optional)
• Fits conductors from 10mm to 28mm in diameter
• Can be installed by hot-stick or hot-glove.
• Powered directly by the line
• 48 hour battery backup when current falls below minimum
charging levels (10A for 300A version, 30A for 600A
Version)
• Synchronized current measurement at 1.6kHz
(Magnitude & Angle)
• Short range 2.4Ghz communications to gateway
• 80 minutes or recording of current measurements @
1.6kHz

31. System Building Blocks
SNG – Sensor Network Gateway
• Communications Gateway for linking the Line Sensors
and Weather Station with the System Console.
• Supports 2 circuits with up to 6 Sensors
• Can be mounted up to 30M from line sensors
• Wired communication to weather station
• Backhaul communications to System Console over
GPRS
• GPS Synchronizes the sensors to within 20
microseconds
• Powered by a 100V/250V AC Supply or by a 30W solar
panel (at latitudes of less than 55° N/S).

32. System Building Blocks
System Console & Applications
• Secure operator interface web application
• Data collection and Data Management
• Application Configuration and System Maintenance
• Accessible through laptops, tablets, and smart phones
• Available as hosted service for Pilot installations
• Two key analytical applications
• X-NET – Fault location and Analysis System
• T-NET – Dynamic Line Rating System

33. Installation
MDS WiYZTM
FMC-T6 Line Sensor
• Installs in minutes using Hot-Stick or Hot Glove.
• If a Sensor with a conductor temperature probe is being
used:
• Thermal compound is used to adhere probe tip to
conductor
• Tip of temperature probe is tied to the conductor.
(Specified in the user manual)
• Sensors commence operation as soon as they are closed
around the conductor
• Sensors indicate they are functioning via a small flashing
LED

34. Installation
Installation
MDS WiYZTM
SNG (Sensor Network Gateway)
• Mounted within 30 meters of the Line Sensors.
• For Direct Supply power option
• Connect 100V/250V AC to the power terminals
• For Solar Powered Option
• Mount 30W Panel using provided bracket
• Connect to regulator terminals inside SNG
• For ODV Input on High Impedance Grounded Systems
• Connect Substation Open Delta Voltage to terminals inside
SNG
• Insert data enabled GPRS SIM card into the SNGs modem

35. Installation
MDS WiYZTM
Sensor Location Recommendations
Distribution Substation
Fault Location
•Denser deployment at head of the feeder, nodes spaced
further apart moving down the feeder
•After junction points for detecting path to fault
Dynamic Line Rating
•Placed in locations where the line changes direction
•Where there are sheltering effects from hills or structures
•Recommendation for nodes to be at least every 5 km
GE is able to assist in the deployment strategy and can
provide a number of services:
• Network Survey
• Node Deployment Strategy
• Server Hosting

36. Application Software
Installation
MDS WiYZTM
Configuration
System Console
• Easy-to-use configuration through system console
software
• Divides the Network up into Nodes of sensors
• A node is a set of 3 line Sensors (and Weather
Station if installed)
• Nodes are labeled as per utility standards
• Easy to understand network schematic of the Network
is automatically generated
• The System Console can sit in a Customers Server
within the Customer’s IT Network
System Console develops nodes of sensors
• GE provides a hosted Service for pilot installations into application diagrams used for automated
network monitoring

37. Wrap-up
Q&A