Does specifying wood seem like a foreign language? Then this presentation is for you. You'll receive an overview of wood terminology, applications of wood materials, production of wood, characteristics of wood and relationship with properties, grading, durability, specification and handling as well as an overview of manufactured wood products such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL)

1. Wood Basics Terminology, Properties & Specification

2. Learn more about wood at UTAS Centre for Sustainable Architecture with Wood Graduate Certificate in Timber (Processing & Building) 4 units, part time, online Areas covered include: Wood science Design for durability and service for life Timber as a renewable resource Sustainable design and construction Engineered wood products International technologies and developments Plus, selected topics of individual interest More information: Associate Professor Greg Nolan (03) 6324 4478 or enquiries@arch.utas.edu.auwww.csaw.utas.edu.au

3. Learning Objectives Participants completing this activity will be able to: Describe the essential timber and wood product types Describe the essential properties of timber and wood products Specify timber and wood products For architects - AACA Competencies: Design Documentation

4. This Presentation Basics: Product types Sizes Grade & grading Structural Appearance Moisture content Species Durability and treatment Specification

5. Product Types: Round timber Timber used in its naturally round shape

6. Product Types: Sawn timber Timber cut from the log

7. Manufactured timber products Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Glulam I-beams Product Types: Engineered wood products

8. Product Types: Engineered wood products Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL)

9. Product Types: Engineered wood products Glulam

10. Product Types: Other wood products I-beams

12. Hardboard

13. Particleboard

14. MDF

16. Generally; Seasoned timber - uses actual dimensions Unseasoned (green) timber– uses nominal dimensions Sizing: Terminology

18. “Depth by breadth”

19. e.g.

20. Studs and joists – 90 x 35 mm

21. Wall plate and battens – 45 x 70 mm

22. Joist – 190 x 35 mm

25. Sizing: Hardwood (seasoned) sizes

26. Sizing: Hardwood (unseasoned) sizes

28. Applicable to sawn structural timber, round and plywoods

29. MGP grades – machine graded, softwoods only

30. Applicable to sawn structural timber

31. GL grades – Glulam grades

32. LVL and I-beams,

34. Merch was a structural grade in 60’s / 70’s

36. e.g. F5, F7, F8, F17, F27

37. Visual and/or mechanical testing process

38. Applies to all softwood, hardwood, plywood and rounds

39. MGP (Machine graded pine) Grades

40. e.g. MGP 10, MGP 12, MGP 15

41. Machine tests stiffness of timber

43. Sloping grain

44. Knots

45. Fractures

47. Grade & Grading Structural stress grades Lesser stress grade limiting characteristics Core wood – pith – weaker wood – lower load capacity Surface checks / fractures – only a problem if they become splits

48. Grade & Grading Structural stress grades Lesser stress grade limiting characteristics Wane - absence of underbark timber Want – absence of timber other than wane Bow – curvature along the face Spring – curvature along the edge

50. Rely on actual grade marking or grade on delivery docket

52. Forklift splits / tears a chunk out of timber; or

53. Timber is re-sawn into smaller dimensions

54. Member no longer has any stress grade

56. Lining / panelling

57. Handrails, balusters, balustrades, stringers, and treads

58. Dressed boards, joinery and trim: mouldings, architraves, skirting boards, shelves, door and window frames

59. Cabinets: built in cupboards, benches, furniture

61. e.g. in Australian Standard for softwood (AS 4785) and hardwood have appearance grades

62. Softwood (AS 4785)

63. clear, appearance, select, standard or utility

64. Hardwood (AS 2796)

66. medium feature

68. Also called kiln-dried (KD)

69. Average between 10% and less than or equal to 15%

70. Minimal additional shrinkage - dimensionally stable

71. Remain straight - little twisting, cupping or bowing

72. Well suited for painting

73. Unseasoned timber

74. Also called “green”

77. Victorian/Tasmanian – Tassie oak, ash species

78. WA – jarrah, karri

80. Australian native - cypress

82. Advantages:

83. light-weight

84. easy to handle and cut

85. can be finished with a variety of coatings and stains

86. easily treated to extend durability

87. high strength to weight ratio

88. reliable supply and low cost

90. Durability Natural durability AS 5604 (Relates to heartwood only)

91. Durability: Protection from weather AS 1684: Protected from weather Protected from weather 30 deg Exposed to weather

92. Durability: In-ground In-ground In-ground durability trials ‘Wedding Bells’, Nth NSW

93. Durability: Outside above-ground Outside above-ground Above ground durability trials, Beerburrum QLD

95. Sapwood has less natural resistance to insect attack and fungal decay than the heartwood of the same species

96. Reliability and proven service life

100. OK for use South of Tropic of Capricorn only Preservative treatment AS 1604 Hazard Levels

102. 100% of the sapwood

103. 0 – 20mm of the heartwood

105. Landscape, fencing, decking, framing, outdoor timber

106. In-ground and above ground applications

107. LOSP (light organic solvent preservatives)

108. Joinery, handrails, H2 framing

109. Above ground applications only

110. Envelope treatments (blue-pine framing)

112. Power poles, marine, vineyard sticks

113. In-ground or in water use

114. Supplementary brush/spray/dip (e.g. copper naphthenate)

115. Glue-line

116. LVL, plywood, particleboard flooring

118. Wood Basics: Specification

120. Performance – appearance, structural performance, service life, cost?

122. More Information

123. Learn more about wood at UTAS Centre for Sustainable Architecture with Wood Graduate Certificate in Timber (Processing & Building) 4 units, part time, online Areas covered include: Wood science Design for durability and service for life Timber as a renewable resource Sustainable design and construction Engineered wood products International technologies and developments Plus, selected topics of individual interest More information: Associate Professor Greg Nolan (03) 6324 4478 or enquiries@arch.utas.edu.auwww.csaw.utas.edu.au