SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 42
Chapter 3 Cells: The Living Units The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
Cell Theory All living organisms are composed of cells Matthias Schleiden -  All plants are composed of cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Generic Cell
Fluid Mosaic Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Membrane
Cell Junctions Tight Junction impermeable junction that encircles the cell
Cell Junctions Desmosome anchoring junction scattered along the sides of cells
Cell Junctions Gap Junction  allows chemical substances to pass between cells
Membrane Transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Simple Diffusion
Simple Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis ,[object Object],[object Object],A C B 90% water 10% NaCl 99.1% water 0.9% NaCl 100% water 0% NaCl Hypertonic Hypotonic   Isotonic Swell and lysis Shrink and crenate No net gain or loss
Osmosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Osmotic Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Generating and Maintaining a Resting Membrane Potential 2 important ions – Na +  and K +
Active Transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Active Transport Figure 3.11
Vesicular Transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Membrane Potential ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cytoplasm Extracellular fluid K +  is released and Na +  sites are ready to bind Na +  again; the cycle repeats. Cell ADP Phosphorylation causes the protein to change its shape. Concentration gradients of K +  and Na + The shape change  expels Na +  to the  outside, and  extracellular K +  binds. Loss of phosphate restores the original conformation of the pump protein. K +  binding triggers release of the phosphate group. Binding of cytoplasmic  Na +  to the pump protein stimulates phosphorylation by ATP. Na + Na + Na + Na + Na + K + K + K + K + Na + Na + Na + ATP P P Na + Na + Na + K + K + P P i K + K +
 
Organelles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Golgi Apparatus ,[object Object]
Nucleus ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chromatin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 3.29
Cell Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 3.30
DNA Replication Figure 3.31
Mitosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Telophase and Cytokinesis Figure 3.32.6
Protein Synthesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
From DNA to Protein Figure 3.33 Nuclear envelope  DNA Pre-mRNA mRNA Ribosome Polypeptide Translation RNA Processing Transcription
Roles of the Three Types of RNA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Figure 3.36 After mRNA processing, mRNA leaves nucleus and attaches to ribosome, and translation begins. Amino acids tRNA Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase tRNA “head”  bearing anticodon Large ribosomal subunit Small ribosomal subunit Released mRNA mRNA Template strand of DNA RNA polymerase Nuclear pore Nuclear membrane Portion of mRNA already translated Direction of ribosome advance Nucleus Once its amino acid is released, tRNA is  ratcheted to the E site  and then released to  reenter the cytoplasmic  pool, ready to be  recharged with a new  amino acid. Incoming aminoacyl- tRNA hydrogen bonds  via its anticodon to  complementary mRNA  sequence (codon) at  the A site on the  ribosome. As the ribosome moves along the  mRNA, a new amino  acid is added to the  growing protein chain  and the tRNA in the A  site is translocated  to the P site. Codon 16 Codon 15 Codon 17 Energized by ATP,  the correct amino  acid is attached to  each species of tRNA  by aminoacyl-tRNA  synthetase enzyme. 1 2 3 4
Genetic Code ,[object Object],Figure 3.35
Information Transfer from DNA to RNA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Information Transfer from DNA to RNA Figure 3.38

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome
STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, LysosomeSTPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome
STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, LysosomeSook Yen Wong
 
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell Organelle
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell OrganelleEndoplasmic reticulum- cell Organelle
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell OrganelleAshishNain
 
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulum
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulumStructure and functions of endoplasmic reticulum
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulumICHHA PURAK
 
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusions
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusionsEndosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusions
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusionsNihal Yuzbasheva
 
Golgi complex structure and functions
Golgi complex structure and functionsGolgi complex structure and functions
Golgi complex structure and functionsbikashsingh2510
 
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosome
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosomeRibosome, mitochondria and lysosome
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosomeprakashtu
 
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtion
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtionEndoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtion
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtionSHINZ ON
 
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)Dryogeshcsv
 
Endoplasmic reticulum class IX
Endoplasmic reticulum class IXEndoplasmic reticulum class IX
Endoplasmic reticulum class IXDurga Shree
 
Mitochondrial structure
Mitochondrial structureMitochondrial structure
Mitochondrial structureNada Ibrahim
 
The cellular level of organization
The cellular level of organizationThe cellular level of organization
The cellular level of organizationIa Dy Buco
 
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2Structure and function of plasma membrane 2
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2ICHHA PURAK
 
Cell Structure & Cell Division
Cell Structure & Cell DivisionCell Structure & Cell Division
Cell Structure & Cell DivisionShahin Hameed
 
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)Geonyzl Alviola
 
cell and its organelles
cell and its organelles cell and its organelles
cell and its organelles Raveena Ramtel
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome
STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, LysosomeSTPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome
STPM Form 6 Biology - ER, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome
 
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell Organelle
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell OrganelleEndoplasmic reticulum- cell Organelle
Endoplasmic reticulum- cell Organelle
 
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulum
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulumStructure and functions of endoplasmic reticulum
Structure and functions of endoplasmic reticulum
 
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusions
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusionsEndosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusions
Endosomes.Peroxisomes. Proteasomes Cytoplasmic inclusions
 
Golgi complex structure and functions
Golgi complex structure and functionsGolgi complex structure and functions
Golgi complex structure and functions
 
Cell membrane
Cell membraneCell membrane
Cell membrane
 
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosome
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosomeRibosome, mitochondria and lysosome
Ribosome, mitochondria and lysosome
 
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtion
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtionEndoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtion
Endoplasmic reticulum and golgi aparatus types and funtion
 
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
Golgi apparatus ppt (introduction structure and Function)
 
Cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulumCell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell organelles: Endoplasmic reticulum
 
Endoplasmic reticulum class IX
Endoplasmic reticulum class IXEndoplasmic reticulum class IX
Endoplasmic reticulum class IX
 
acrosome reaction
acrosome reactionacrosome reaction
acrosome reaction
 
Cell membrane and transport mechanisms
Cell membrane and transport mechanismsCell membrane and transport mechanisms
Cell membrane and transport mechanisms
 
Mitochondrial structure
Mitochondrial structureMitochondrial structure
Mitochondrial structure
 
The cellular level of organization
The cellular level of organizationThe cellular level of organization
The cellular level of organization
 
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2Structure and function of plasma membrane 2
Structure and function of plasma membrane 2
 
Cell Structure & Cell Division
Cell Structure & Cell DivisionCell Structure & Cell Division
Cell Structure & Cell Division
 
Cell plasma membrane
Cell plasma membraneCell plasma membrane
Cell plasma membrane
 
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
 
cell and its organelles
cell and its organelles cell and its organelles
cell and its organelles
 

Ähnlich wie Chapter 3

Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Cleophas Rwemera
 
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Cleophas Rwemera
 
Active transport artifact
Active transport artifactActive transport artifact
Active transport artifactJamesTisch95
 
How does it work artifact
How does it work artifactHow does it work artifact
How does it work artifactjw1295bn
 
Molecular Cell Biology the nucleus of cell
Molecular Cell Biology  the nucleus of cellMolecular Cell Biology  the nucleus of cell
Molecular Cell Biology the nucleus of cellHammadBhatti20
 
2 - Membranes & cell organelles
2 - Membranes & cell organelles2 - Membranes & cell organelles
2 - Membranes & cell organellesMartin Jellinek
 
cell membrane.drmamtasingh
cell membrane.drmamtasinghcell membrane.drmamtasingh
cell membrane.drmamtasinghDr. Mamta Singh
 
Lecture1 cytology
Lecture1 cytologyLecture1 cytology
Lecture1 cytologyReach Na
 
Cells bds
Cells bdsCells bds
Cells bdsIIDC
 
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptx
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptxlec 4 bio اشعة.pptx
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptxsaraso888
 

Ähnlich wie Chapter 3 (20)

Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
 
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
Biol121 chp3-part2-cells-fall10-101004062718-phpapp02
 
Lecture ce4
Lecture ce4Lecture ce4
Lecture ce4
 
Chapter 3 cells
Chapter 3 cellsChapter 3 cells
Chapter 3 cells
 
Chapter3b
Chapter3bChapter3b
Chapter3b
 
Active transport artifact
Active transport artifactActive transport artifact
Active transport artifact
 
How does it work artifact
How does it work artifactHow does it work artifact
How does it work artifact
 
Molecular Cell Biology the nucleus of cell
Molecular Cell Biology  the nucleus of cellMolecular Cell Biology  the nucleus of cell
Molecular Cell Biology the nucleus of cell
 
02 cells
02 cells02 cells
02 cells
 
2 - Membranes & cell organelles
2 - Membranes & cell organelles2 - Membranes & cell organelles
2 - Membranes & cell organelles
 
nucleus
nucleusnucleus
nucleus
 
cell membrane.drmamtasingh
cell membrane.drmamtasinghcell membrane.drmamtasingh
cell membrane.drmamtasingh
 
Lecture1 cytology
Lecture1 cytologyLecture1 cytology
Lecture1 cytology
 
cytology
cytologycytology
cytology
 
Ch. 03 Cell
Ch. 03 CellCh. 03 Cell
Ch. 03 Cell
 
Chapter 3
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Chapter 3
 
Eukariotic Cell Structure
Eukariotic Cell StructureEukariotic Cell Structure
Eukariotic Cell Structure
 
Nucleus
NucleusNucleus
Nucleus
 
Cells bds
Cells bdsCells bds
Cells bds
 
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptx
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptxlec 4 bio اشعة.pptx
lec 4 bio اشعة.pptx
 

Mehr von ahoward

Chapter 7
Chapter 7Chapter 7
Chapter 7ahoward
 
Chapter 2 Pp
Chapter 2 PpChapter 2 Pp
Chapter 2 Ppahoward
 
Anatomy and Phisology PP
Anatomy and Phisology PPAnatomy and Phisology PP
Anatomy and Phisology PPahoward
 
Chapter 5
Chapter 5Chapter 5
Chapter 5ahoward
 
Chapter 4
Chapter 4Chapter 4
Chapter 4ahoward
 
Chapter 8
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Chapter 8ahoward
 

Mehr von ahoward (6)

Chapter 7
Chapter 7Chapter 7
Chapter 7
 
Chapter 2 Pp
Chapter 2 PpChapter 2 Pp
Chapter 2 Pp
 
Anatomy and Phisology PP
Anatomy and Phisology PPAnatomy and Phisology PP
Anatomy and Phisology PP
 
Chapter 5
Chapter 5Chapter 5
Chapter 5
 
Chapter 4
Chapter 4Chapter 4
Chapter 4
 
Chapter 8
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Chapter 8
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko
"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko
"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii SoldatenkoFwdays
 
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024BookNet Canada
 
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdf
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdfUnraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdf
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdfAlex Barbosa Coqueiro
 
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data Privacy
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data PrivacyTrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data Privacy
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data PrivacyTrustArc
 
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and Cons
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and ConsThe Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and Cons
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and ConsPixlogix Infotech
 
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine Tuning
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine TuningDSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine Tuning
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine TuningLars Bell
 
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024BookNet Canada
 
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .Alan Dix
 
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL Certs
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL CertsScanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL Certs
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL CertsRizwan Syed
 
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?Mattias Andersson
 
Advanced Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Advanced Computer Architecture – An IntroductionAdvanced Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Advanced Computer Architecture – An IntroductionDilum Bandara
 
How to write a Business Continuity Plan
How to write a Business Continuity PlanHow to write a Business Continuity Plan
How to write a Business Continuity PlanDatabarracks
 
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationConnect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationSlibray Presentation
 
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxA Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxLoriGlavin3
 
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfHyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfPrecisely
 
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubUnleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubKalema Edgar
 
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxSAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxNavinnSomaal
 
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easy
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easyCommit 2024 - Secret Management made easy
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easyAlfredo García Lavilla
 
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxUse of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxLoriGlavin3
 
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxThe Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxLoriGlavin3
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko
"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko
"Debugging python applications inside k8s environment", Andrii Soldatenko
 
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
Transcript: New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
 
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdf
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdfUnraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdf
Unraveling Multimodality with Large Language Models.pdf
 
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data Privacy
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data PrivacyTrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data Privacy
TrustArc Webinar - How to Build Consumer Trust Through Data Privacy
 
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and Cons
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and ConsThe Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and Cons
The Ultimate Guide to Choosing WordPress Pros and Cons
 
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine Tuning
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine TuningDSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine Tuning
DSPy a system for AI to Write Prompts and Do Fine Tuning
 
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
New from BookNet Canada for 2024: Loan Stars - Tech Forum 2024
 
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .
From Family Reminiscence to Scholarly Archive .
 
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL Certs
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL CertsScanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL Certs
Scanning the Internet for External Cloud Exposures via SSL Certs
 
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?
Are Multi-Cloud and Serverless Good or Bad?
 
Advanced Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Advanced Computer Architecture – An IntroductionAdvanced Computer Architecture – An Introduction
Advanced Computer Architecture – An Introduction
 
How to write a Business Continuity Plan
How to write a Business Continuity PlanHow to write a Business Continuity Plan
How to write a Business Continuity Plan
 
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck PresentationConnect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
Connect Wave/ connectwave Pitch Deck Presentation
 
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxA Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
A Deep Dive on Passkeys: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
 
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdfHyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
 
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding ClubUnleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
Unleash Your Potential - Namagunga Girls Coding Club
 
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptxSAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
SAP Build Work Zone - Overview L2-L3.pptx
 
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easy
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easyCommit 2024 - Secret Management made easy
Commit 2024 - Secret Management made easy
 
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxUse of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
Use of FIDO in the Payments and Identity Landscape: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
 
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptxThe Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
The Fit for Passkeys for Employee and Consumer Sign-ins: FIDO Paris Seminar.pptx
 

Chapter 3

  • 1. Chapter 3 Cells: The Living Units The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
  • 2.
  • 4.
  • 6. Cell Junctions Tight Junction impermeable junction that encircles the cell
  • 7. Cell Junctions Desmosome anchoring junction scattered along the sides of cells
  • 8. Cell Junctions Gap Junction allows chemical substances to pass between cells
  • 9.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Generating and Maintaining a Resting Membrane Potential 2 important ions – Na + and K +
  • 17.
  • 18. Types of Active Transport Figure 3.11
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Cytoplasm Extracellular fluid K + is released and Na + sites are ready to bind Na + again; the cycle repeats. Cell ADP Phosphorylation causes the protein to change its shape. Concentration gradients of K + and Na + The shape change expels Na + to the outside, and extracellular K + binds. Loss of phosphate restores the original conformation of the pump protein. K + binding triggers release of the phosphate group. Binding of cytoplasmic Na + to the pump protein stimulates phosphorylation by ATP. Na + Na + Na + Na + Na + K + K + K + K + Na + Na + Na + ATP P P Na + Na + Na + K + K + P P i K + K +
  • 22.  
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 32.
  • 33.  
  • 34. Telophase and Cytokinesis Figure 3.32.6
  • 35.
  • 36. From DNA to Protein Figure 3.33 Nuclear envelope DNA Pre-mRNA mRNA Ribosome Polypeptide Translation RNA Processing Transcription
  • 37.
  • 38.  
  • 39. Figure 3.36 After mRNA processing, mRNA leaves nucleus and attaches to ribosome, and translation begins. Amino acids tRNA Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase tRNA “head” bearing anticodon Large ribosomal subunit Small ribosomal subunit Released mRNA mRNA Template strand of DNA RNA polymerase Nuclear pore Nuclear membrane Portion of mRNA already translated Direction of ribosome advance Nucleus Once its amino acid is released, tRNA is ratcheted to the E site and then released to reenter the cytoplasmic pool, ready to be recharged with a new amino acid. Incoming aminoacyl- tRNA hydrogen bonds via its anticodon to complementary mRNA sequence (codon) at the A site on the ribosome. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, a new amino acid is added to the growing protein chain and the tRNA in the A site is translocated to the P site. Codon 16 Codon 15 Codon 17 Energized by ATP, the correct amino acid is attached to each species of tRNA by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme. 1 2 3 4
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. Information Transfer from DNA to RNA Figure 3.38