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The birthplace of Western Civilization
Geography
 The southern part of the

Balkan Peninsula
 Aegean Sea
 Coastline= natural

harbors

 Mountains make the

land very hard to farm>
Therefore, they are
fishers, sailors, and
traders
 Geography led Greeks to
find colonies
Geography
 Mountains & Valleys
 Kept villages apart
 Instead of a large
kingdom/empire they
formed separate citystates
 People felt loyalty
towards their city-state
instead of Greece
(I’m not Greek, I’m an
Athenian)
Climate
 Very mild climate
 Spent much time

outdoors
 They attended public
events & conducted
government outside
Early Greece
Minoans- 2500 BCE
 Crete (island southern Greece)
 Palace in Knossos ! Amazeing.
 Named after King Minos
 Walls covered in colorful
Frescoes: paintings

Minoans curled their
hair and wore gold
belts around their
waists

 Poor soil on Crete- Trade for






food
Wrote in Linear B
Bull Jumping! (religion)
No evidence of fighting
1620 BCE Volcano causes tidal
waves that weaken the city!

Labyrinth= maze
Early Greece
Mycenaens
 Migrated from Europe/Asia
 Intermarried with the locals
 controlled mainland Greece
 Adopted Minoan culture

( through trade)
 Writing (Lin.B) and some

religious beliefs

 They were ruled by powerful

warrior kings
 Built fort-like cities on the
Peloponnesus (hand-shaped)
 1100BCE earthquakes weakened>
then warfare
Early Greece
Dorians
 They eventually move back
 Entered through the North
 300 years

 Known as the Greek “Dark

Ages!”
 Overseas trade stops,

poverty, skills diminish,
people move to Ionia

and bring culture with them
 New civilization emerged
with early Greek elements
called Hellenic!
 After the original settlers of

mainland Greece
Polis=Greek City-State
 Represented the

center of Greek
identity
 Citizens were intensely
loyal to their polis
 Fight and die for it!
 Greece was a civilization,
not an empire.
The Greek City-States…
How were the city-states
different?
 Each had its own…
 Government
 Laws
 Calendar
 Money
 Weights/ measures

How were they the same?
 They shared …
 The Greek language
 Religious ideas
 Festivals
 Each city-state consisted of the city and the land

around it.
 Free, adult males had citizenship rights
 Each polis was built around an acropolis, a
fortified hill with a temple on it.
 Near the acropolis was the agora, public square!
 Markets
 Political Center
We have decisions to make…
 IF, I was to bring in a small snack for the class, which

type of snack would you like me to bring in???
A. Candy
1.
2.
3.

Chocolate
Something Sweet
Something Sour

B. Cookies
1.
2.

Chocolate Chip
Sugar
Government
The first type of government in Ancient Greece was a
Monarchy

1.

 ….landowners who had money for armies and weapons gained

power

These wealthy nobles (Aristocrats) take power from
chiefs/ kings and control Greek society and an Oligarchy
is formed.

2.

•

3.

Oligarchy= rule by few

Tyrants have the support of the people and take power
illegally.
 In some cases, the tyrant became unjust. Tyrant become

known as ruling cruelly and with absolute power .
 Some city-states overthrew their tyrants.

4. Democracy  1st in Athens! People take part in
the government.
 Only men who owned land could vote

 No women or non-citizens
Religion
 Polytheism
 Looks to explain
To explain these Greeks
 Nature
used Myths (Greek
 Human emotions
Mythology)
 To bring benefits
 Afterlife: souls go to the underworld with Hades
 Main gods lived on Mount Olympus
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyT3A4vi6cw
 Oracles: The way in which gods to speak to humans.
 People would travel to hear messages and predictions
Homer

 Homer: blind poet c. 700 BCE
 Wrote two epics
 Iliad and the Odyssey
 Iliad: Trojan War/Trojan horse: Trojan Prince take Mycenaean

King’s wife
 Odyssey: Mycenaean King Odysseus is on the way home from
war to see his wife Penelope. It takes him 10 years to return.
During that time he faces many adventures and interferences
from the gods. Is gets home and is reunited with Penelope!.






Shipwrecks- Poseidon
One-eyed giant- Cyclops
Sea-monsters
Trip to the underworld-Hades
Temptations by sea nymphs

You’ll read this in
English! Yay! 

 Schools in Ancient Greece used this epics to teach Hellenic

(Greek) values!
Daily life in Athens
Army
 Phalanx- rows of soldiers using their shields to form a wall
Economy= Trade
 Imports: goods being brought in
 Export: goods being sent out

 Colonies- supplied city-state with wheat and barley
 Terrace Farming: cutting flat layers into hills for

farming

 Main crops: Olives (olive oil), Grapes (wine)

Education- Young boys were taught grammar, music, gov’t,
math, ethics, rhetoric

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Notes #1- Geography, Early Greece, Polis, Govt, Homer, Religion, Daily Life

  • 1. The birthplace of Western Civilization
  • 2. Geography  The southern part of the Balkan Peninsula  Aegean Sea  Coastline= natural harbors  Mountains make the land very hard to farm> Therefore, they are fishers, sailors, and traders  Geography led Greeks to find colonies
  • 3. Geography  Mountains & Valleys  Kept villages apart  Instead of a large kingdom/empire they formed separate citystates  People felt loyalty towards their city-state instead of Greece (I’m not Greek, I’m an Athenian)
  • 4. Climate  Very mild climate  Spent much time outdoors  They attended public events & conducted government outside
  • 5. Early Greece Minoans- 2500 BCE  Crete (island southern Greece)  Palace in Knossos ! Amazeing.  Named after King Minos  Walls covered in colorful Frescoes: paintings Minoans curled their hair and wore gold belts around their waists  Poor soil on Crete- Trade for     food Wrote in Linear B Bull Jumping! (religion) No evidence of fighting 1620 BCE Volcano causes tidal waves that weaken the city! Labyrinth= maze
  • 6. Early Greece Mycenaens  Migrated from Europe/Asia  Intermarried with the locals  controlled mainland Greece  Adopted Minoan culture ( through trade)  Writing (Lin.B) and some religious beliefs  They were ruled by powerful warrior kings  Built fort-like cities on the Peloponnesus (hand-shaped)  1100BCE earthquakes weakened> then warfare
  • 7. Early Greece Dorians  They eventually move back  Entered through the North  300 years  Known as the Greek “Dark Ages!”  Overseas trade stops, poverty, skills diminish, people move to Ionia and bring culture with them  New civilization emerged with early Greek elements called Hellenic!  After the original settlers of mainland Greece
  • 8. Polis=Greek City-State  Represented the center of Greek identity  Citizens were intensely loyal to their polis  Fight and die for it!  Greece was a civilization, not an empire.
  • 9. The Greek City-States… How were the city-states different?  Each had its own…  Government  Laws  Calendar  Money  Weights/ measures How were they the same?  They shared …  The Greek language  Religious ideas  Festivals
  • 10.  Each city-state consisted of the city and the land around it.  Free, adult males had citizenship rights  Each polis was built around an acropolis, a fortified hill with a temple on it.  Near the acropolis was the agora, public square!  Markets  Political Center
  • 11. We have decisions to make…  IF, I was to bring in a small snack for the class, which type of snack would you like me to bring in??? A. Candy 1. 2. 3. Chocolate Something Sweet Something Sour B. Cookies 1. 2. Chocolate Chip Sugar
  • 12. Government The first type of government in Ancient Greece was a Monarchy 1.  ….landowners who had money for armies and weapons gained power These wealthy nobles (Aristocrats) take power from chiefs/ kings and control Greek society and an Oligarchy is formed. 2. • 3. Oligarchy= rule by few Tyrants have the support of the people and take power illegally.  In some cases, the tyrant became unjust. Tyrant become known as ruling cruelly and with absolute power .
  • 13.  Some city-states overthrew their tyrants. 4. Democracy  1st in Athens! People take part in the government.  Only men who owned land could vote  No women or non-citizens
  • 14. Religion  Polytheism  Looks to explain To explain these Greeks  Nature used Myths (Greek  Human emotions Mythology)  To bring benefits  Afterlife: souls go to the underworld with Hades  Main gods lived on Mount Olympus  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyT3A4vi6cw  Oracles: The way in which gods to speak to humans.  People would travel to hear messages and predictions
  • 15. Homer  Homer: blind poet c. 700 BCE  Wrote two epics  Iliad and the Odyssey  Iliad: Trojan War/Trojan horse: Trojan Prince take Mycenaean King’s wife  Odyssey: Mycenaean King Odysseus is on the way home from war to see his wife Penelope. It takes him 10 years to return. During that time he faces many adventures and interferences from the gods. Is gets home and is reunited with Penelope!.      Shipwrecks- Poseidon One-eyed giant- Cyclops Sea-monsters Trip to the underworld-Hades Temptations by sea nymphs You’ll read this in English! Yay!   Schools in Ancient Greece used this epics to teach Hellenic (Greek) values!
  • 16. Daily life in Athens Army  Phalanx- rows of soldiers using their shields to form a wall Economy= Trade  Imports: goods being brought in  Export: goods being sent out  Colonies- supplied city-state with wheat and barley  Terrace Farming: cutting flat layers into hills for farming  Main crops: Olives (olive oil), Grapes (wine) Education- Young boys were taught grammar, music, gov’t, math, ethics, rhetoric

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Sir Arthur Evans dug up the remains of the Minoan civilization in the 1900s. Oak and cedar forests in Crete provided awesome shipsThey traded throughout the Mediterranean Sea!