Dynamic Networks of Interactive Learning and Agricultural Research for Development: Three Critical Roles for Agricultural Advisory Services
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By Arno Maatman, Mariana Wongtschowski, Willem Heemskerk, Nour Sellamna, Kristin Davis, Silim Nahdy, Washington Ochola, and Dan Kisauzi. Presented at the ASTI-FARA conference Agricultural R&D: Investing in Africa's Future: Analyzing Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Accra, Ghana on December 5-7, 2011. http://www.asti.cgiar.org/2011conf
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Dynamic Networks of Interactive Learning and Agricultural Research for Development: Three Critical Roles for Agricultural Advisory Services
- 1. Dynamic networks of interactive learning and agricultural research for development: three critical roles for agricultural advisory services By: Arno Maatman, Director ICRA
- 2. Co-Authors Mariana Wongtschowski, KIT Willem Heemskerk, KIT Nour Sellamna, ICRA Kristin Davis, GFRAS Silim Nahdy, AFAAS Dan Kisauzi, AFAAS Ochola Washington, RUFORUM
- 5. Situation (1) Strategic Applied Research Extension Producers Research policy Demand articulatio n Farmer to Farmer extension through “model” farmers International (donor&) research networks Impact analysis
- 6. Situation (2) Strategic Applied Research Advisory Producers & Agriculturally-linked entrepreneurs Research policy Demand articulatio n Farmer to Farmer exchange .. POs International networks Interactive learning value chain actors Impact analysis
- 10. Making a difference (2) Research Actors (Producers/ SMEs) Advisory services Innovation clusters Innovation network
- 12. Challenge
- 13. Elements (1) Step by step Top sectors Priority areas
- 14. Elements (2) Understanding the dynamics of innovation Novelty Niche Regime Landscape
- 15. Elements (3) Invest in social capital 2 innovate
- 16. Promising initiatives (1) Networks of local level innovation & business clusters AC 2 T Agency Competency Connectedness Trust
- 17. Promising initiatives (2) Institutional development Individuals Organisations Institutions K S A Local – national - regional
- 18. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- This paper has much to do with me: I started as R … food sec. policies / risk mgt in agric. Sector agribusiness devt. We look here at innovation and R – and in particular applied research – to support innovation.
- Interaction, negotiation and learning are key factors in innovation.
- Innovation = complex & continuous process; tomato producers – competing Gh/ BF; several innovation challenges: seed supply; fertilization to reduce water content; organizational issues – to coordinate supply; to negotiate with the market queens; market analysis & competitive intelligence; new channel options – processing/ drying local markets
- 25 years ago – I was based in BF .. Among other things as advisor to the national research org INERA innovation then was perceived relatively easy [by me at least] the most significant flows of info / knowledge/ ideas R to Ext producers
- Today .. Much more complex picture (and this is even a rude simplification): overlaps / private sector = producers + entrepreneurs
- Research .. Despite trends / reversals in trends etc .. Low researcher – farmer ratio; … (we have discussed this extensively); in addition agric research is not the unique domain of the NARI/ SROs and CG centers arrival of universities / university outreach / action-research programs.
- Public extension went down in the 80s / 90s; NGOs filled in some of the gaps; POs are increasingly important. Nonetheless: …
- ICRA has been involved in training/ coaching of professionals in ARD also called IAR4D for over two decades; IAR4D is championed by FARA as well together with FARA we have produced a white paper describing, among other things several examples / cases of R4D .. Not all perfect, but at least with a clear intention to make a difference. The difference is in 4 principles:
- AR4D involves the strategic positioning of R in innovation networks (formal/ informal) …
- Researchers cannot do everything alone: in our paper we argue that in order to make AR4D work – AAS play crucial complementary roles.
- The challenge is big .. For innovation to be nurtured and to go to scale – several elements of a complex puzzle have to be put together.
- However .. [picture is not readable on purpose] … while it is important to have an idea of the puzzle .. Innovation systems are best built step by step.
- Public private roles will / may change over time
- Important: innovation relies on social capital .. Pro-poor innovation requires reducing the barriers to entry for interactive learning ! Public funding remains critical ..
- There is a lot happening …
- The argument is that R should aim to become an even more relevant/ strategic partner of producers/ entrepreneurs etc. in learning networks … [There still is room for improvement here Sissokho ; why looking at donors; instead focus on the “client” …]