เรื่องพิสิกส์อะตอม2. 1.
2.
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3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4. C A
A D
S P Q
S
Cathode ray
particle
g
m
g
m
g
m
x
electron
1.
2.
3.
5. 1. P
Q S Q
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2. P Q
S
7. A B
d A A
A
B
m q
qE = mg
q = mg
E
E E = V
d
8. e
m
1.76x 1011
M =
19
1 . 60 10 c
11
1 . 76 10 c / kg
= 9.1 x 10-31 kg
9.1 x 10-31 kg
.
.
1.
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11. 1.
2.
scattering
–
B
F R
M
B S
B A
A B M
T
B
12. -
-
1.
2.
3.
4. α – particle
5. α – particle
6. α – particle α – particle
α=
1
mv2 = KQ
2
Qn
x r …………………
2 r
1
mv2 = KQ Qn
x r …………………
2 r
13. m = α V=
α
Qα = α Qn =
r= Qα Qn K=
x m/s
1
mv2 = KQ Qn
x r
2 r
r = 2 KQ Q n
2
mv
9 19 19
2 9 10 2 1 . 6 10 79 1 . 6 10
¶¶ == 27 7 2
6 . 7 10 3 . 3 10
.
. = 9.97 x 10-15 m
. ≈ - m
1.
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15. series
Johann Jacob Balmer
= b
2
n
2 2
n 2
b
n
n =
6.2
16. 1 1 1
RH 2 2
2 n
RH Rydberg’ s
constant
x 107 - n = 3 , 4 , 5 ……….
.
.
Planck’s hypothesis
h h
quantum of energy
h x -
17. E = h
E
h , 2h , 3 h ……. nh n
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.
21. A
A
EK = eVS
e VS
A C
C
stopping
potential
23. VS V
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x1014 HZ
1.
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25. n mvnrn = n = nh
2
vnrn n
n
quantum number
2.
= Eni - En
……………………………………………….
Eni
En
Eni En
Eni En
h = hc
= Eni - En
…………………………….
26. m rn
Vn Fc
Fc =
2
mv
r
q1
q2
FE
FE =
q1q 2
2
r
r k
e
FE =
2
Ke
2
rn
.
=
2 2
.
Ke mv
2
rn rn
…………………………………………….. 4
27. . mr n3
mke2rn = mvnrn 2
. mvr = n
mvnrn n
mke2rn = n2
n
Rn = n2 ……………………………………… …
2
h
2
mke
= 1.05 x 10-34 Js
m = 9.1 x 10-31 kg
K = 9.0 x 109 Nm2 /C2
e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
rn n = 1 r1
2
r1 =
34
1 . 05 10 JS
2
31 9 Nm 19 2
9 .1 10 Kg 9 .1 10 2
1 .6 10 C
C
= 5.3 x 10-11 m
29. Bohr radius a
rn
n
n=2 rn r1
rn = a n2
…………………………………………………… 8
n=1
= 21.76x10-19
ground state
n
excited
state
n=
electronvolt
, eV eV = 1.6 x 10-19
30. 1. MeV
x m/s
x - m
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33. I
3
2
1
V
5
eV
eV
eV
eV
eV
eV
nm eV
34. –
1. penetrate
2.
3. Ionization
4.
5.
36. 1
mV2 = eV0
2
= h max = hc
min
.
. min = hc
eV 0
C
min
x
min = hc
eV 0
h , c , e , V0
34 8
=
6 . 63 10 Js 3 10 m / S
min 19 4
1 .6 10 C 1 . 24 10 V
= 1.0 x 10-10 m = 0.1 nm
37. E = E ni - Enf
h = E ni - Enf
E =
E ni =
Enf =
38. 1.
2.
3.
4.
1. V
h e eV
h
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1. 4 5
10
2. X
1.
44. m V
P = mv
m
P = EV
2
C
V
C
P = = …………………
EC E
2
C C
E h C
E C
P = h
……………………………
m V mV
= h
……………………….. 4
mv
De Broglic wavelength
47. 3. V
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48. Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics Matter Waves
Quantum Mechanics
Erwin Schrödinger
de Broglic
= h/p = h/mv Schrödinger Equation
Erwin
Uncertainty
Orinciple
1.
49. 2. Quantum Mechanics Wemer K.
Heisenberg
x
=
x =
x
p
V p = mv
p
X
X V
50. x 10-27
x
x
x
x = m vx
= 6.7 x 10-27 kg x 0.5 x 106 ms-1
= 3.35 x 10-21 kg ms-1
= 2
h
= 1.05 x 10-34 Js
34
1 . 05 10 Js
≥ 21 1
3 . 35 10 kgms
≥ x 10-14 m
x 10-14
51. 1. x -
x 10-23
kg.m/s
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2.
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54. 1.
% %
electrical receptivity
x
x
energy
band
Valence band
55. conduction
band
conductor
insulator
energy gap
semiconductor
carrier
-
LDR
Light Dependent Resistance sensor
.