First session Material

2. 1-Popular Sovereignty
2-Separation of powers
3-Checks and Balances
4-Federation
5-Individual Rights

3. First: Popular Sovereignty:
Sovereignty is "the supreme authority in a
political community".
The term popular sovereignty is supposed to
mean that this ultimate power belongs to the
people
“We are the People.. do ordain and establish the
Constitution”
They can amend the government or alter the
constitution.

4. Second: Separation of powers:
"Ambition must be made to counteract ambition."
Said by James Madison
The American Political System is divided into
three principle powers;
(A)Legislative in the U.S Congress which makes
the law

5. (B)Executive in a President and the white
House which executes the law

6. (C)Judicial Branch in the Supreme
Court which interprets the law.

7. Those branches are not monopolized, they
are totally separate.
Separation of powers system is designed
to maximize freedom and it serves several
goals;
First: It prevents concentration of power
(seen as the root of tyranny)
Second: it provides each branch with
weapons to fight off encroachment by the
other two branches.

8. Third: Checks and Balances:
Each of the three principle branches have balanced powers
so they exercise some form of power over the others by
checking them to remove any possibility of tyranny from
taking hold the country.
•The Legislative branch checks the Executive and the
Judiciary Branches
•The Executive checks the Legislative and the Judiciary
Branches
•Also the Judiciary checks both the Legislative and the
Executive branches

9. Fourth: Federation:
U.S. has a different system which
is Federalism; it’s a system of
shared power between two or
more governments with authority
over the same people and
geographical area.

10. Federal Government States Government
1) Is responsible for 1) Impose Taxes
Interstate Commerce and
Foreign Commerce 2) Education ,Crime, Health
and safety , Crime and
2) Naturalize of immigrants Punishment Laws
3) Coin Money 3) Budgets.
4) A republican form of 4) 2 senators represent each
government for each state in the senate,
state, not creating a irrespective of the size
monarchy. of the state.
5) Maintains Army and Navy 5) Representatives of the
state in the House of
6) Has a Judicial Authority Representatives.

11. Fifth: Individual Rights:
•The Bill of Rights limits the ability
of government to trespass upon
freedom of speech, press,
assembly, and religion
•Rights is geared to safeguarding
the rights of persons suspected.

12. Thank You