1. Indian and Southeast Asian
Art

3. Indus Civilization Art

5. Great bath Sophisticated sewage and water systems
Mohenjo-daro
Pakistan
2600-1900 B.C.E.

6. Robed Male Figure
from Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan
ca. 2000-1900 B.C.E.
steatite
6 7/8 in. high

7. 2700 BCE 2000 BCE

8. Nude male torso
from Harappa, Pakistan
ca. 2000-1900 B.C.E.
red sandstone
approximately 3 ¾ in.

9. 480 BCE 2000 BCE

10. Seal
from Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan
ca. 2600-1900 B.C.E.
steatite
approximately 1 3/8 x 1 3/8 in.

11. Seals
from Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan
ca. 2500-1700 B.C.E.
steatite
each approximately 1 3/8 x 1 3/8 in.

12. 2600 BCE
2500-1700 BCE

13. Indian Buddhist Art

14. Foundations of Hinduism and Buddhism
VEDAS, 2nd millennium BCE
-Ancient Sanskrit texts
-Oral hymns of the Aryans (”Noble Ones,” a mobile herding people)
-Veda = knowledge
- Included hymns for Brahmins (priests) to chant or sing
- Brahmins became head of social hierarchy called the caste system
- Focus on sacrifice  appease gods  answer prayers
Upanishads, 800-500 BCE
- Texts of innovative ideas of samsara, karma and moksha
(or nirvana)
Samsara – rebirth, endless cycle of reincarnation
Karma – past actions, good or bad, that determine the
nature of future reincarnations
Moksha (nirvana) – ultimate goal, escape circle of rebirth by
merging self with vital force of the universe

15. BUDDHISM
-Buddha (the Enlightened One) born 563 BCE as Prince
Siddhartha Gautama
•Siddhartha abandoned opulent court life for a life of
asceticism
CORE OF BUDDHISM – the Four Noble Truths
 Life is suffering
 The cause of suffering is desire
 One can overcome and extinguish desire
 The way to conquer desire and end suffering is
to follow the Buddha’s Eightfold Path of:
o right understanding
wisdom o right thought
o right speech
Ethical conduct o right action
o right livelihood
o right effort
concentration o right mindfulness
o right concentration
Wheel (chakra) of the Law (dharma)

17. ASHOKA – greatest Maurya ruler
Converted to Buddhism and facilitated it’s
spread throughout India and Asia
Lion capital from column erected by
Emperor Ashoka
from Sarnath, India
272-231 B.C.E.
polished sandstone
8 feet high

20. Great Stupa
Sanchi, India
third century B.C.E. to first century C.E.

21. Great Stupa
Sanchi, India
third century B.C.E. to first century C.E.

22. Great Stupa
Sanchi, India
third century B.C.E. to first century C.E.

24. Great Stupa
Sanchi, India
first century B.C.E. to first century C.E.

26. Chaitya Hall
Karle, India
ca. 100 C.E.

27. Chaitya Hall
Karle, India
ca. 100 C.E.

30. The anthropomorphized Buddha
halo of enlightenment
ushnisha
urna
elongated ears
mudra
chakra
prana
Seated Buddha
from Mathura, India
2nd century C.E.
red sandstone
27 1/2 in. high

31. Mudras – Symbolic hand gestures
Where else have we seen symbolic hand gestures?

33. Seated Buddha
from Gandhara, Pakistan
2nd century C.E.
grey schist
3 ft. 7 1/2 in. high

35. Life and Death of the Buddha
Queen Maya gives birth to Prince Siddhartha
from Gandhara, Pakistan
2nd century C.E.
schist
2 ft. 2 3/8 in. high

36. Life and Death of the Buddha
from Gandhara, Pakistan Enlightenment at Badh Gaya
2nd century C.E.
schist
2 ft. 2 3/8 in. high

37. Life and Death of the Buddha
from Gandhara, Pakistan
preaching first sermon at Sarnath
2nd century C.E.
schist
2 ft. 2 3/8 in. high

38. Life and Death of the Buddha
from Gandhara, Pakistan death at Kushinagara
2nd century C.E.
schist
2 ft. 2 3/8 in. high

41. Bamayan Buddhas (destroyed)
Bamayan, Afghanistan
3rd century C.E.
150 feet tall

42. Bamayan Buddhas (destroyed)
Bamayan, Afghanistan
3rd century C.E.
150 feet tall

44. The Gupta Buddha
(combines Ganghara and Mathura styles)
Seated Buddha preaching first sermon
from Sarnath, India
5th century C.E.
sandstone

46. Interior of cave 19
Ajanta, India
2nd half of 5th century

47. Indian Hindu Art

48. HINDUISM –
“the religion of the Indians”
•No single founder
•Rooted in ancient Vedic texts
•Polytheistic
•Shiva – the DESTROYER, regenerative force
•Vishnu – Preserver of the Universe , comes back as an
avatar to defeat evil forces in the universe
•Devi – Great Goddess, both creates and destroys

50. Boar avatar of Vishnu rescuing the earth
Udayagiri, India
Early 5th century C.E.
relief in cave temple

51. Dancing Shiva
Badami, India
sixth century C.E.
relief in cave temple

53. Shiva as Mahadeva
Cave I, Elephanta, India
ca. 550-575 C.E.
Basalt
17 ft. 10 in. high

54. Vishnu Temple
Deogarh, India
Early 6th century C.E.

55. Vishnu asleep on the serpent of Ananta
Deogarh, India
Relief panel on south façade of Vishnu Temple
Early 6th century C.E.

56. Rock-cut rathas
Mamallapuram, India
Dharmaraja, Bhima, Arjuna and Draupadi rathas
Late 7th century C.E.

58. Hindu temples –
home of the gods on
earth
Northern style –
beehive-like
Visvanatha Temple
Khajuraho, India
ca. 1000 C.E.

59. Southern-style
Rajarajeshvara Temple
Thanjavur, India
Ca. 1010

60. Visvanatha Temple
Khajuraho, India
ca. 1000 C.E.

61. Visvanatha Temple
Khajuraho, India
ca. 1000 C.E.

62. Shiva as Nataraja
Naltunai Ishvaram Temple
Bronze
ca. 1000 C.E.

63. Sri Lankan Buddhist Art

65. Death of the Buddha (Parinirvana)
Gal Virhara, Sri Lanka
11th - 12th century C.E.

66. Javanese Buddhist Art

68. Cosmic Mountain
Borobudur, Java, Indonesia
ca. 800 C.E.
400 ft. wide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txujqGtB_6g

69. Khmer (Cambodian) Art

71. Harihara
Prasat Andet, Cambodia
Early 7th C.E.
6’3”
stone

72. Vishnu lying of the cosmic ocean
from Mebon temple,
Western Baray
Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.
8 feet long

73. Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.

74. Angkor Wat
Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.

75. Angkor Wat
Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/specials/ancient-mysteries/angkor-wat-temples/

77. King Suryavarman II holding court
Angkor Wat
Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.

78. Angkor, Cambodia
12th century C.E.

79. Towers of the Bayon
Angkor Thom, Cambodia
12th to 13th centuries C.E.

80. Towers of the Bayon
Angkor Thom, Cambodia
12th to 13th centuries C.E.