This presentation is a group collaboration of Joseph Koplar, Tony Tenaglier, Sarah Winiarz, and myself about the technology and history of a wireless optical mouse, created for a course on electronic properties.

1. Wireless Optical Mouse MSE 4001 December 4, 2008 Joseph Koplar, Tony Tenaglier, Adam Wentworth, Sarah Winiarz

2. Part 1: History

4. Evolution of the Mouse 1965 2-wheel analog mechanism (SRI) 1984 Apple Lisa 1 Graphical User Interface Microsoft electro-optical 1999 1966 Orbit X-Y Ball Tracker 1968 Englebart’s NLS (first digital) 1973 Xerox Alto 1981 Xerox 8010 Star First Optical 1991 Logitech MouseMan Cordless 1995 Logitech Trackman Marble (optical) Logitech MX1000 Laser Cordless Mouse 2004 Razer DeathAdder Infrared 2006 Sun Microsystems Laser Mouse Gyration Air Mouse 2001

7. Photo Examples of Early Optical Mice Above: Photos of the Xerox 8010 Star Mouse, one of the first optical mice To the right: The optical sensor in a Microsoft IntelliMouse Explorer v1.0 Above and to the right: One version of the nMOS Sensor used in some of the first optical mice

16. Part 2: Optical Components

18. Optical Mouse Basics The chip with the CMOS image sensor and associated processing electronics is on the top, the L.E.D. is to the right, and the surface beneath the mouse as the CMOS sensor sees it (although the image would be grey scale) is on the bottom.

20. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) To the left is a pictorial representation of the band structure in a rectifier or diode. To the right is an example of how the internal construction of an L.E.D. affects its ultimate output. Although the output from this diode is blue and yellow, humans will perceive this output to be white.

22. The Semiconductor Laser To the left and right: Speckle Patterns created by lasers

25. CMOS Imaging Above: An advanced CMOS Sensor from IBM, Note the color filters Left: Typical Images from Optical Mice CMOS Sensors Right: The Photodiode Junction commonly found in CMOS Sensors

27. Buttons/ Wheels/ Motion Translated into Signals How one parameter depends on another parameter.

30. DSP Steps DSP DSP Architecture

33. Part 3: Wireless Technology

37. Radio Frequencies, Wavelength, and Applications Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequency

44. Questions??