1. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey

2. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Why
dense
ci#es
are
green,
and..
How
dense
ci#es
can
be
made
greener

3. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
…and
that,
if
people
are
not
able
to
live
in
dense
ci#es,
they
will
make
global
warming
worse

4. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
We
already
know
…
The
world’s
popula#on
con#nues
to
grow
and
with
it
demand
for
energy
and
resources.

5. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
We
already
know
…
Energy
produc#on/use
is
the
major
contributor
to
climate
change
and
global
warming.

6. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
We
already
know
…
What
global
warming
and
climate
change
look
like
jesseandgreg, Tumblr
Scott Olson/Getty Images
NY Daily News

7. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
A
significant
amount
of
energy
is
used
for
buildings
and
transporta#on.

8. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Reducing
energy-­‐use
for
buildings
and
transporta#on
would
significantly
help
solve
climate
change
and
global
warming.

9. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
People
living
in
dense
ci#es
like
New
York
already
use
less
energy
in
buildings
and
transporta#on
than
the
average
American
by
virtue
of
living
in
a
dense
city.

10. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
New
Yorkers
Home
Energy
Use:
• Electricity
Use
KWH
per
Customer1:
• Dallas:
16,116
• Chicago:
8,143
• San
Francisco:
6,753
• NYC:
4,696
1
plaNYC 2030, 2007

11. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
New
Yorkers
Transporta#on
Energy
Use:
• Commu6ng1:
• U.S.
-­‐
By
car:
86.2%
Other2:
9.6%
• NYC
-­‐
By
car:
28.1%
Other2:
68.0%
Brooklyn
–
By
car:
24.4
%
Other2:
71.5%
Manha`an
-­‐
By
car:
8.9%
Other2:
84.8%
1
2
ACS 2008-2010
Public transportation, walk, other

12. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
New
Yorkers
Transporta#on
Energy
Use:
• Car-­‐ownership/
Household1,
Average
miles
driven
per
day2:
• U.S.
:
91.2%
of
HH
27
miles/day
• NYC
:
45.5%
of
HH
9
miles/day
1
PlaNYC,
Inventory
of
NYC
Greenhouse
Gas
Emissions,
9/2010
(Non-­‐car
ownership
US:
8.8%,
NYC:
54.5%)
2
ACS
2005-­‐2009

13. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
New
Yorkers
Transporta#on
Energy
Use:
FUN
FACTS!
•
4,
5,
6
Subway
line
carries
as
many
people
in
one
day
as
the
en#re
Washington,
DC,
Metro
system3
• NY
Metro
area
share
of
na#onal
commu#ng4:
38%
(share
of
na#onal
popula#on:
5%)
• 3
PlaNYC
2007,
p.81
4
Facts
from
Alan
Pisarski's
Commu#ng
in
America
III
study
(
h`p://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/CIAIIIfacts.pdf)

14. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
How
do
they
do
it???

15. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Most
New
Yorkers
walk
or
use
mass
transit
to
get
to
stores,
offices,
entertainment
venues
or
schools.
They
live
in
small
energy-­‐
efficient
homes
that
use
less
than
half
the
energy
of
a
typical
US
home.
They
require
less
infrastructure
per
home
because
they
live
in
dense
buildings
close
to
each
other.

16. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
New
Yorkers
walk
a
lot
and
climb
stairs
daily
which
keeps
them
ac#ve
to
live
healthier
and
longer.
They
live,
work
and
play
with
people
from
other
countries,
cultures,
orienta#ons
and
faiths
and
can
be`er
navigate
in
the
global
economy.
And,
as
they
get
older,
they
are
able
to
stay
in
their
homes
longer
because
they
can
reach
shopping,
entertainment,
family,
friends
and
services.

17. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Why
are
New
Yorkers
energy
efficient?
What
mo#vates
New
Yorkers
to
behave
this
way?

18. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Why
are
New
Yorkers
energy
efficient?
Are
New
Yorkers
environmental
fana#cs?

19. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
No,
in
fact,
of
course,
New
Yorkers
are
no
different
than
“average”
Americans.
They
would
just
as
likely
use
a
car
or
live
in
a
one-­‐family
home.
But
they
don’t…
why?

20. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
How
did
you
get
to
class
today?
Why?
Why
didn’t
you
drive
a
car?

21. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
What
makes
New
Yorkers
choose
to
take
mass
transit?
• Parking
• Scarcity
• Cost
• Traffic
Conges#on
• Time
delays
•
Energy
Efficiency
Benefits
• Low
fossil
fuel
use

22. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
What
kind
of
a
home
do
you
live
in?
Why
do
you
not
live
in
a
suburban
home
with
yards
and
a
long
driveway?

23. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
What
makes
New
Yorkers
choose
to
live
in
mul#-­‐family
buildings?
• only
reasonably
priced
choice
of
housing
available
– desirability
raises
property
values
– high
property
values
result
in
more
intense
use
of
land
•
Energy
Efficiency
Benefits
• Lower
U#lity
expenses
• Closer
to
transit,
work,
shopping,
entertainment
• Less
infrastructure

24. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Central Park
My Mother
Culture Grocery Shopping
Family & Friends Bus Worship
Nirvana Entertainment

25. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
If
people
live
much
more
energy-­‐efficiently
in
a
city,
how
can
you
a`ract
more
of
them
there?
What
makes
people
choose
to
live
where
they
live?

26. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
What
makes
people
choose
to
live
where
they
live?
• Jobs
• Housing
Availability/
Affordability
• Educa#on
• Entertainment
and
Culture
• Transporta#on
Efficiency
and
A`rac#veness
• 24/7
Ac#vity,
Excitement,
Crea#vity
• Quality
of
Life
• Good
Architecture
and
Urban
design
• Public
Services
• Public
policies/
administra#on
• Diversity
of
popula#on

27. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
…and,
how
can
Ci#es
be
made
even
more
Energy-­‐Efficient?

28. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
…and,
how
can
Ci#es
be
made
even
more
Energy-­‐Efficient?
• Land
Use
• Energy
• Transporta#on
• Infrastructure
• Synergies
• Materials
and
Resources
• Climate
control

29. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Jobs
Retail
Office/Service
Culture
Tourism
Educa#on
Industry
Health
Entertainment

30. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Housing
Availability
and
Affordability
Public
Housing
Zoning
Incen#ves
Publicly-­‐Subsidized
Housing
Market-­‐Rate
Housing

31. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Educa#on
Pra`
Ins#tute,
Brooklyn
Public
School
89,
Cypress
Hills,
Brooklyn
City
College,
Manha`an
Midwood
High
School,
Brooklyn

32. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Entertainment
and
Culture
42nd
Street,
Manha`an
Movie
Theater,
Downtown
Brooklyn
Lincoln
Center,
Manha`an
Brooklyn
Museum,
Brooklyn

33. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
A`rac#ve
Streetscapes
Broadway,
Manha`an
Pedestrian
Plaza,
Downtown
Brooklyn
West
End
Avenue,
Manha`an
Pedestrian
Plaza,
Midtown
Manha`an

34. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Transit
A`rac#veness
and
Accessibility
Subway
Entrance,
Times
Square,
Manha`an
Disabled-­‐accessible
Bus
Subway
Terminal
with
Solar
Roof
Subway
Elevator
Retrofit

35. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Bicycle
Infrastructure
Bicycle
Parking
Protected
Bicycle
Lanes
Bike
Lane,
Sixth
Avenue,
Manha`an
Bicycling,
Riverside
Park,
Manha`an

36. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Quality
of
Life,
Recrea#on
and
Open
Space
Brooklyn
Botanic
Garden
Ba`ery
Park
City,
Manha`an
Brooklyn
Botanic
Garden
Neighborhood
Park,
Brooklyn
Ba`ery
Park
City
Street
Plaza,
Midtown
Manha`an

37. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Quality
of
Life,
24/7
Ac#vity
and
Excitement
Coney
Island,
Brooklyn
Times
Square,
Manha`an

38. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Quality
of
Life,
Spectacles
and
Excitement
Gates,
Central
Park,
Manha`an,
2005
Waterfalls,
East
River,
2008
Summer
Film
Fes#val,
Manha`an
Street
Fair,
Manha`an

39. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Quality
of
Life,
Cleanliness,
Quiet
Times
Square
BID
,
Street
Cleaning
Quiet

40. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Good
Architecture
and
Urban
Design
High
Line,
Manha`an
Chelsea,
Manha`an
Clinton
Hill,
Brooklyn
Upper
West
Side,
Manha`an

41. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Health
Fresh
Food
Vending
Cart
Neighborhood
Family
Health
Clinic

42. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Services
Public
Safety
Sanita#on
Emergency
Management
Parks
and
Recrea#on

43. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Policies,
Private,
Non-­‐Profit
Organiza#ons
Ready
Willing
and
Able/The
Doe
Fund
New
York
Restora#on
Project

44. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Policies,
Private,
Non-­‐Profit
Organiza#ons
Police
Athle#c
League
Food
Bank
for
New
York
City

45. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Policies,
Private,
Non-­‐Profit
Organiza#ons
El
Puente,
Williamsburg,
Brooklyn
Cypress
Hills
LDC,
Brooklyn

46. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Policies,
Private,
Non-­‐Profit
Organiza#ons
SoBRO,
South
Bronx,
The
Bronx
Pra`
Area
Community
Council,
Brooklyn

47. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Public
Policies,
Diversity
and
Immigra#on,
Tolerance
and
Acceptance

48. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
How
can
Ci#es
be
made
even
more
Energy-­‐Efficient?
• Land
Use
• Energy
• Transporta#on
• Infrastructure
• Synergies
• Materials
and
Resources
• Climate
control

49. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Land
Use,
Density
and
Mix
of
Uses
Office
and
Retail,
The
Bronx
Office
and
Retail,
Brooklyn
Bank
of
America
Tower,
Manha`an

50. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Land
Use,
Brownfield
Redevelopment
Via
Verde,
The
Bronx
Morris
Park,
The
Bronx
Via
Verde,
The
Bronx

51. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Land
Use,
Entertainment
Coney
Island
Plan,
Brooklyn
Coney
Island
Plan,
Brooklyn
Atlan#c
Yards
Arena,
Brooklyn
Baseball
Park,
Coney
Island,
Brooklyn

52. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy,
Produc#on
vs.
Reduc#on
Tidal
Power
Tidal
Power,
East
River
Energy-­‐Saving
Appliances

53. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy,
Produc#on
vs.
Reduc#on
Solar
Panels
Solar
Panels
Individual
Electric
Meters

54. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy,
Produc#on
vs.
Reduc#on
Geo-­‐thermal
Energy
Geo-­‐thermal
Energy,
Manha`an
Insula#on
Retrofit

55. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy,
Produc#on
Solar
and
Wind-­‐powered
Ligh#ng

56. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy-­‐efficiency,
Passive
Climate
Control
Shading
Revolving
Doors
Air
Intake,
Operable
Window
Air
Exchange,
Door
Transom

57. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Energy,
Alterna#ves
Warmer
Winter
Clothing
(President
Carter,
1977)
Non-­‐Electric
Alterna#ves

58. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Improved
Mass
Transit
Complete
Street,
Manha`an
Select
Bus
Service,
The
Bronx
Public
Bus,
Brooklyn
Light
Rail,
New
Jersey

59. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Improved
Connec#vity
“MetroCard”
Electronic
Fare
Card
Bicycle
Parking
Shed,
Brooklyn
Bus-­‐Subway
Connec#on,
Manha`an
Regional
Transit
Fare
Integra#on

60. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Bicycling
Bicycle
Parking,
Williamsburg,
Brooklyn
Bicycle
Parking
Garage,
Germany
Bicycle
Parking,
Manha`an
Bicycle
Lanes,
Minneapolis,
MN

61. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Walking

62. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Transporta#on,
Car
Sharing

63. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Water

64. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Wastewater
Sewage
Discharge,
East
River
Sewage
Discharge,
Hudson
River
Sewage
Districts,
New
York
City

65. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Wastewater
Stormwater
Reten#on,
Brooklyn
Green
Roof,
Brooklyn

66. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Wastewater
Greywater
Reuse
Greywater
Reuse

67. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Organic
Waste

68. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Solid
Waste
Garbage
Recycling,
Manha`an
Street
Recycling
Cans,
Manha`an
Discarded
Furniture
Used
Goods
Thris
Store,
Manha`an

69. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Infrastructure,
Solid
Waste
Curbside
Bulk
Trash,
Manha`an
Used
Goods
Thris
Store,
Manha`an

70. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Materials
and
Resources,
Reusable
Containers

71. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Climate
Control,
Shading,
Cooling
Pedestrian
Plaza,
Downtown
Brooklyn
Planted
Median,
Downtown
Brooklyn
Street
Trees,
Manha`an

72. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Conclusion
Ci#es
with
dense,
mixed-­‐use
neighborhoods
are
part
of
the
solu#on
to
climate
change
because
people
living
there
emit
less
carbon
per
person
than
people
not
living
there
– Preserve
land
for
agriculture
and
for
natural
areas
– Offer
residents
numerous
transporta#on
op#ons,
where
they
will
intrinsically
choose
mass
transit
as
the
fastest
and
easiest
choice
of
transporta#on
– Allow
for
more
efficient
use
of
infrastructure
– Require
less
energy
per
home
due
to
smaller
size
and
compactness

73. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Conclusion
Ci#es
with
dense,
mixed-­‐use
neighborhoods
are
part
of
the
solu#on
to
climate
change
because
people
living
there
emit
less
carbon
per
person
than
people
not
living
there
If
a
family
cannot
live
in
a
city
like
New
York,
it
will
need
to
live
elsewhere
and
will
use
two-­‐thirds
more
energy
and
emit
that
much
more
carbon
in
the
atmosphere,
adding
to
global
warming.

74. Ci#es
and
Sustainability
Grey
is
Green
–
Green
is
Grey
Conclusion
To
help
solve
climate
change
– Make
ci#es
more
a`rac#ve
to
encourage
more
people
to
live
there.
– Improve
the
energy-­‐efficiency
of
ci#es
to
reduce
energy
use
even
further
and
add
to
the
climate
change
solu#on.