1. (Pbs.org
)
Cognitive Learning and
Teaching
By: ACB

2. Cognitive Theory Key
Points:
• Believe that learning is due to a “change in
individuals' mental structures enabling them to
show changes in behavior (Haberkorn).”
•“ Cognitivists objected to behaviorists because
they felt that behaviorists thought learning was
simply a reactionary phenomenon and ignored the
idea that thinking plays a role (Shelly 371).”
•See the next two diagrams for more key points!

3. Key Theorists
•Allan Paivio- Dual Coding theory: processing for
images and processing for language
•Robert Gagne-Five major learning outcomes:
verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive
strategies, motor skills, and attitudes
•Howard Gardner- 8 multiple intelligences:
linguistic, logical, spatial, kinesthetic, musical,
interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist
•Benjamin Bloom- 6 levels to acquire knowledge-
Bloom’s Taxonomy: knowledge, comprehension,
application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation

4. Bloom’s Taxonomy
(Image from LearnNC.org)

5. Gardner’s Contribution: Multiple Intelligences
(Image from excelsiorlearningcenter.com)

6. Classroom Implications
•Teachers: Robert Gagne gives 9 events of instruction to increase the potential for the
internal learning process to occur :
1) Gain attention of the learners
2) Inform learners of the objective
3) Stimulate recall of prior learning
4) Present the stimulus or lesson
5) Provide learning guidance and instruction
6) Elicit performance
7) Provide feedback
8) Assess performance
9) Enhance retention and transfer
•Integrate technology in order to fulfill the previous 9. Using technology, such as videos,
also aids in reaching a variety of the multiple intelligences: Music, visual, interpersonal,
linguistic…
•Students: By understanding your learning style (Gardner) and how complex your
learning skills are (Bloom), you can create a learning plan such as: Singing a song to
remember information, drawing images to study with, ect.

7. My Personal Thoughts
About the Theory for My
Own Teaching:
In my opinion, the cognitive approach to learning
and teaching seems quite effective. I believe that
learning requires cognitive stimulation/thinking.
Every student is wired differently and therefore
learns differently. As a progressive teacher, I feel
that it is very necessary to teach according to the
student body given and integrate technology and
curriculum that reaches all types of learners.

9. Credits to:
•Integrating Technology and Digital Media in the
Classroom by: Shelly, Cashman, Gunter, and
Gunter
•http://rachel-shirley.suite101.com/the-cognitive-
approach-to-lesson-planning-a116006
•http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/jhaberkorn/edpsy39
9ol/l11q4.html
•http://www.excelsiorlearningcenter.com/Gardner's-
Multiple-Intelligence-Model.html