1. CA1 Assessment For
Learning (AFL)
P5
Do not repeat the same mistakes for SA1
P5 Teachers

2. Subject-verb agreement
 6) ______ of these men is the thief. The
police is investigating.
1)All
2)Both
3)Some
4)Either
 Note: The subject must agree with the verb
 As in, singular subject matches with singular verb.
Plural subject matches with plural verb.

3. Subject-verb agreement
 Which is correct?
 All of these men is/ are responsible.
 Both of these men is/ are responsible.
 Some of these men is/ are responsible.
 Either of these men is/ are responsible.
 Note:
 Neither of these men is/are responsible.
 Learning points: Either and neither are seen to be
singular subject.

4. Subject-verb agreement
 Learning point:
 Either and neither are seen to be
singular subject.
 Each, everyone, someone, anyone, no
one, everybody, none are also seen to
be singular.
 Is this correct?
 Everyone are paying attention now. x

5. Subject-verb agreement
 7) Each of these men ________ the
gigantic cargo truck.
1)drive
2)drives
3)driven
4)have driven
 Note: The subject must agree with the verb
 Answer: 2

6. Infinitive ‘to’
 10) A few people claimed to ______ strange noises coming from the vacant
house at night.
1) hears
2) hearing
3) had heard
4) have heard
 Note: the rule of infinite ‘to’ applies here:
 eg. to eat, to hear, to climb, to have, etc.
Answer: 4) have heard
 Is this correct?
 Many boys wanted to ran across the road. x

7. Infinitive ‘to’
 NOTE: however, there are exception to this rule for ‘to’ at times,
it is not used as an infinite ‘to’. In the case of gerunds, for
example:
 Peter prefers coffee to tea.
 OR
 Peter prefers walking to running.
 In the above example, the rule of infinite ‘to’ is not applied, as
the phrase ‘prefers …to…’ is comparing 2 activites. ‘Running’ is
the activity.

8. Sensory verbs
 12) The neighbour saw a man _______ over the
fence last night.
1) climb
2) climbs
3) climbed
4) was climbing
 Note: Words like ‘saw’, ‘made’, ‘heard’ are sensory verbs.
The verb that follows will be in its root form.
 If you saw him climbed… where’s there to see? As in, if he
has already climbed over the fence, what’s there to see?
 Answer: 1) climb

9. Synthesis/ transformation
The boy saw Mr Lee. The boy ran away.
Upon
______________________________________________.
Note: The word ‘upon’ demands a gerund (an activity
ending with –ing)
Tip: Use the verb that is given, change it into a gerund.
In this case, see. Therefore, seeing.
Answer: Upon seeing Mr Lee, the boy ran away.

10. Synthesis/ transformation
Dave is strong and muscular. He swims
daily.
________________________who
__________________________.
Note: the pronoun ‘who’ is used here to describe Dave.
Learning point: Either encased the details with a pair of
commas or drop the commas entirely.
Answer: Dave, who is strong and muscular, swims daily.
Or
Dave who is strong and muscular swims daily.

11. Synthesis/ transformation
Dennis asked Rose, “Where did you keep my calculator?”
Dennis asked Rose ___________________________________.
Note: This is a direct to indirect speech question.
You will need to note the changes for pronouns, tenses, time
and place.
Reminder: You should not apply the above rule for all
synthesis and transformation; this is only meant for direct to
indirect speech or vice versa.
Answer: Dennis asked Rose where she had kept his calculator.

12. Synthesis/ transformation
Jenny used to be a national fencer. She was young then.
In her
______________________________________________.
Note: This question requires a noun (abstract noun)
Change the given adjective to a noun. In this case, it is ‘young’
to ‘youth’.
More examples: ‘beautiful’ to ‘beauty’
determined to determination
strong to strength, etc.
Answer: In her youth, Jenny used to be a national fencer.

13. Synthesis/ transformation
Both my brothers were out yesterday.
Neither of _________________________________________.
Note: Neither is seen to be singular. Remember to
apply SVA.
Note: The time tag, ‘yesterday’ should not be
changed to ‘the previous day’ as this is not a direct
to indirect speech question.
Answer: Neither of my brothers was out yesterday.

14. Synthesis/ transformation
 Note: There is another rule to remember for
‘Neither’ if it is paired with ‘nor’. This rule also
applies for ‘Either…. or’. The rule is called rule of
proximity (Closeness)
 Take for example:
 Neither Peter nor Jane is/are responsible for the broken
vase.
 Neither Peter nor his friends is/are responsible for the
broken vase.
 Either Peter or Jane is/are responsible for the broken vase.
 Either Peter or his friends is/are responsible for the broken
vase.