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Health care exposure to hepatitis & hiv

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Abdulrahman Lotfy
Abdulrahman Lotfy

lecture submitted to healthcare workers ( physicians,dentists,nurses,lab.technicians) to explain the best methods to avoid transmission of hepatitis through health practices

Gesundheit & Medizin
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Health-care Exposure to Hepatitis & HIV DR. ABDULRAHMAN LOTFY PREVENTIVE MEDICINE -- JAHRA HOSPITAL 13 September 2005
Health-Care Personnel ,[object Object]
EXPOSURE ,[object Object]
POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS SECRETIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HEPATITIS B OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD
HEPATITIS B ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CARRIER RATE ,[object Object]
MODES OF TRANSMISSION ,[object Object],BLOOD SALIVA PLACENTA& B.MILK SEMEN& VAG.DISCHARGE PARENTRAL SEXUAL VERTICAL HORIZONTAL
RISKY MODES ,[object Object]
HB HB
Sequelae of infection ,[object Object],Infection Clinical Sub-Clinical 65% 35% Fulminant Recovery & immunity 1% 9% 90% Chronic carrier Death ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ACUTE SEROLOGICAL RESPONCE HBsAg Anti-HBc HBeAg Anti-HBs Anti- HBe INCUBATION 3 months ACUTE INFECTION 6 MONTHS CONVALESCENCE RECOVERY +12 MONTHS HBsAg HBcAb HBeAg HBeAb HBsAb
CHRONIC SEROLOGICAL RESPONCE HBsAg HBeAg Anti-HBc INCUBATION 4-12 WEEKS ACUTE INFECTION 6 MONTHS CHRONIC INFECTION YEARS
  1 1. recovering from acute HBV infection.     2. distantly immune and test not sensitive enough to detect very low level of anti-HBs in serum.     3. susceptible with a false positive anti-HBc.     4. undetectable level of HBsAg present in the serum and the person is actually a carrier negative positive negative HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs     chronically infected  positive positive negative negative HBsAg anti-HBc IgM anti-HBc anti-HBs    acutely infected    positive positive positive negative HBsAg anti-HBc IgM anti-HBc anti-HBs immune due to hepatitis B vaccination negative negative positive HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs      immune due to natural infection     negative positive positive HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs     susceptible    negative negative negative HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs   Interpretation Results Tests Interpretation of the Hepatitis B Panel
PREVALENCE OF HBV MARKERS
FREQUENCY OF POTENTIAL HEPATITIS B EXPOSURE INCIDENTS
Risk for Occupational Transmission of HBV ,[object Object],23-37% 1-6% HBsAg-positive, HBeAg-negative 37-62% 22-31% (HBsAg)- and HBeAg-positive Serological evidence Clinical hepatitis Source person
DIRECT AND INDIRECT TRANSMISSION ,[object Object],[object Object]
LOCATION OF INCIDENTS
WHO WILL BE AT RISK ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HEPATITIS B VACCINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE ACTION -- THE VACCINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
VACCINE SCHEDULE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BOOSTER DOSE ,[object Object],[object Object]
POST VACCINATION SCREEN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
No Response ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
POST- EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS
HBIG administration ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Surveillance sheet used in hospital
PROTECTIVE EFFICIENCY
[object Object]
Occupational Transmission of HCV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Post-exposure Management for HCV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Management of Exposures to HCV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
Risk for Occupational Transmission of HIV ,[object Object]
factors affecting risk of HIV transmission after an occupational exposure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recommendations for HIV PEP ,[object Object]
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HCP POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO HBV, HCV, or HIV ,[object Object]
Treatment of an Exposure Site ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation of the Exposure Source ,[object Object],[object Object]
www.cdc.gov Referrences
THANK YOU

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Health care exposure to hepatitis & hiv

  • 1. Health-care Exposure to Hepatitis & HIV DR. ABDULRAHMAN LOTFY PREVENTIVE MEDICINE -- JAHRA HOSPITAL 13 September 2005
  • 2.
  • 3.
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  • 5. HEPATITIS B OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD
  • 6.
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  • 9.
  • 10. HB HB
  • 11.
  • 12. ACUTE SEROLOGICAL RESPONCE HBsAg Anti-HBc HBeAg Anti-HBs Anti- HBe INCUBATION 3 months ACUTE INFECTION 6 MONTHS CONVALESCENCE RECOVERY +12 MONTHS HBsAg HBcAb HBeAg HBeAb HBsAb
  • 13. CHRONIC SEROLOGICAL RESPONCE HBsAg HBeAg Anti-HBc INCUBATION 4-12 WEEKS ACUTE INFECTION 6 MONTHS CHRONIC INFECTION YEARS
  • 14.   1 1. recovering from acute HBV infection.     2. distantly immune and test not sensitive enough to detect very low level of anti-HBs in serum.     3. susceptible with a false positive anti-HBc.     4. undetectable level of HBsAg present in the serum and the person is actually a carrier negative positive negative HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs     chronically infected  positive positive negative negative HBsAg anti-HBc IgM anti-HBc anti-HBs    acutely infected    positive positive positive negative HBsAg anti-HBc IgM anti-HBc anti-HBs immune due to hepatitis B vaccination negative negative positive HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs      immune due to natural infection     negative positive positive HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs     susceptible    negative negative negative HBsAg anti-HBc anti-HBs   Interpretation Results Tests Interpretation of the Hepatitis B Panel
  • 15. PREVALENCE OF HBV MARKERS
  • 16. FREQUENCY OF POTENTIAL HEPATITIS B EXPOSURE INCIDENTS
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30. Surveillance sheet used in hospital
  • 32.
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  • 37.
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  • 41.
  • 42.