The document summarizes key aspects of early Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations between 2750 BC and the Old Testament period. It notes that the Sumerians in Mesopotamia developed systems of agriculture, mathematics, architecture like ziggurats, law codes, governments, and writing in cuneiform. Egypt built along the Nile River and had hieroglyphic writing, a culture focused on the afterlife through mummification and tombs, and was divided into the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. Both civilizations greatly influenced later religions like Judaism.
4. Agriculture
Scientific and mathematical knowledge
Architectural advancements
Legal systems
Forms of government (independent city-states)
Writing systems (Cuneiform & Hieroglyphs)
Religious systems (Judaism)
5.
6. IT REFERS TO THE EUPHRATES AGRICULTURALLY RICH LAND
& TIGRIS RIVERS BETWEEN THOSE 2 RIVERS
7. What type of buildings
were Sumerians known
for?
Ziggurats:
1. Pyramid-like temples
not tombs
2. Layered like wedding
cakes
3. Probably brightly
colored
4. Usually a flat top as
opposed to the apex that
pyramids had
9. (a) City-states Code of Hammurabi: 282 laws for life
(b) The Babylonians-gate of Ishtar
10. The Assyrians conquered the Babylonians but preserved their writings and those of the Sumerians
11. King Nebuchadnezzar created
the hanging gardens of
Babylon-1 of the 7 wonders of
the world.
The other 6 wonders were:
2. Statue of Zeus at
Olympia
3. Temple of Artemis at
Ephesus
4. Mausoleum of
Halicarnassus
5. Colossus of Rhodes
6. Lighthouse of Alexandria
7. The Great Pyramid of
Giza (only one that
survives)
