Chapter 4 New England Colonies

1. The Thirteen English
Colonies
NEW ENGLAND
Mrs. Barnette 2012

2. New England*
Massachusetts
(Includes
present-day
Maine)
Connecticut
Rhode Island
New Hampshire
*Some people call all 13
colonies “New England,”
but these 4 colonies were
the New England region
Map from nps.gov

3. Massachusetts
The Puritans came to
Massachusetts after
attempting to reform the
Anglican Church.

4. Both believed in a stricter
adherence to scriptures. While
the Pilgrims chose separating
from the Church of England
(Anglican Church) as a first Pilgrims?
resort, Puritans wanted reform Puritans?
from within. They would have What’s the difference?
been content with the Church
of England hierarchy if it
followed what they believed
were Biblical principles.
(Maxwell, pilgrimhall.org
2003)

5. To “purify” the Anglican Church
They wanted:
 No clergy above the rank
of parish priest
 No set prayers /elaborate
rituals; simple worship
and clothing of church
leaders
 Church hierarchy would
not be under direct
control of the King.
http://elane.stanford.edu/wilson/html/chap3/chap3-sect4.html

6. King Charles I brought
changes to the Church
of England. Puritans
disagreed, and many
were persecuted by the
government. They still
managed to become a
powerful force in
Parliament. An ensuing
civil war resulted with
the beheading of Charles
Charles I (1600-1649)began his reign in 1625.
I. http://www2.fiu.edu/~casinesg/Monarchs/monarchs.ht

7. Oliver Cromwell, the
Puritan leader of the
Parliament forces,
became head of the
government; but shortly
after he died, Charles II
returned the monarchy
to the throne.
Oliver Cromwell, “Lord Protector of
England”1649-1659

8. Beginnings of Massachusetts Bay
Colony
Puritans arrived 1630.
Not only Puritans
went. Some were
youngest sons, or
those wanting
economic gain.

9. Governing Massachusetts
John Winthrop was
Governor.
He worked physically,
as well as politically.
“City on a Hill” sermon
https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/winthr

10. Voting
Only stockholders of the MA Bay Colony could
vote.
This caused discontent, since most were not
stockholders.
Church members did not want non-Puritans in
power.
They decided to let male church members vote
for Governor and General Court.

11. Leaving Massachusetts
Thomas Hooker led 106 settlers out of MA. He
founded Hartford, Connecticut.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Allowed all male landowners to vote
Limited governor’s power, thus expanding the idea of
representative gov’t.

12. Roger Williams and Rhode Island
He thought the Puritan
Church had too much power.
He wanted separation of
church and state. He
advocated religious tolerance,
which Puritans did not have.
Ordered to leave, he and his
followers bought land from
Natives in Rhode Island.
He allowed Jews, Protestants,
and Catholics to worship
freely.

13. Anne Hutchinson
She fled to RI after she
was ordered to leave
the Puritan MA
colony. Women were
not allowed to explain
Bible teaching, plus
she told the court that
God spoke to her
directly.
http://www.swarthmore.edu/S
ocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/30-
hut.html

14. New Hampshire Formed
The King made new
coastal settlements
north of Boston into
New Hampshire.

15. Trouble with Natives
Colonists were
encroaching on
Natives’ territory.
Metacom (King
Phillip), Chief of the
Wampanoag Indians,
led assaults on more
than 600 settlers.
He was killed. His
http://www.humanities.uci.edu/mclark/
family & 1000 Indians HumCore2001/Core2000Archive/Clark/
became slaves. RowlOutline.html

16. Puritan Life in New England
Sundays were reserved for worship
only.
Many community issues were
democratically decided at town
meetings.

17. About 15
crimes,
including
witchcraft,
carried the
death
penalty. The
Salem witch
trials of 1692
executed 20
“witches.”
http://frank.mtsu.edu/~jhwillia/3020Salem.html

18. New England Economy
Crops
Corn
Squash
Pumpkins
Lumber
Hunting
Shipbuilding
Whaling, fishing