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中国河流健康与环境流量项目 :
主要成果




Robert Speed
北京, 2012 年 2 月 23 日
大纲
1. 项目简介

2. 环境流量评估

3. 河流健康评估

4. 主要发现和建议
大纲
1. 项目简介

2. 环境流量评估

3. 河流健康评估

4. 主要发现和建议
基本情况 :
•2009 年 9 月 – 201 2 年 3
月
•400 万澳元
•2 个主题 :
   • 河流健康
   • 环境流量
现状回顾            技术路线



       黄河流域 ( 黄河下游 )
                        政策发展;国




                                 能力发展
试点                      际回顾
        珠江 流域 ( 桂江 )
区域
       辽河流域 ( 太子河 )




评估河流健康和环境     国家层面的建议
流量需求
大纲
1. 项目简介

2. 环境流量评估

3. 河流健康评估

4. 主要发现和建议
Identify assets


   Set objectives for each asset



   Develop preferred e-flow rules




                                   Outcomes and risks understood

Model e-flows and security of supply against targets




Presentation Heading
黄河下游 : 重要生态资产
                     黄河三角洲湿地




郑州黄河湿地




            开封黄河湿地



   孟津黄河湿地
黄河下游流量目标
建议的流量情势
黄河下游,河段 1 ( 低风险 )
Presentation Heading
大纲
1 . 项目简介

2. 环境流量评估

3. 河流健康评估
   a. 珠江和辽河试点
   b . 黄河试点
   c . 水文

4. 主要发现和建议
Imp o rta nt s te p s             项目发展的重要步骤
1   Id e ntify the o b je c of the o f the   确定项目目标
    Identify the objectives tive s programp ro g ra m 确定项目目标
2   Id e n tify s u itab le m e as u re (in d ic ato of o f d rive stressors and response
    Identify suitable measures s(indicators)rs ) drivers, rs , s tre s s o rs an d
    确认合适的驱使因素,压力源和反应的指标
    re s p o n s e
3   确认合适的驱使因素,压力源和反应的指标 drivers to potentialn tial
    D e ve lo p c o n c e p tu al m o d e linking g ran of
    Develop conceptual models ls lin kinrangeg e o f d rive rs to p o te impacts
    联系驱使因素和潜在影响开发概念模型
    im p ac ts
4   联系驱使因素和潜在影响开发概念模型g e n o u s ‘rive r typ e s ’
    River Classificationnto identify homogenous ‘river types’
    Rive r C las s ific atio to id e n tify h o m o
    河流分类从而确认相同的河流类型
    河流分类从而确认相同的河流类型
5   Trial sampling program and drefinement n t o f in d ic ato rs 采样试验,完善
    Trial s am p lin g p ro g ram an re fin e m e of indicators 采样试验,完善指
    指标
    标
6   Selection of fsuitablelebenchmarks forfo r e c o lo g ic al in d ic ato rs
    S e le c tio n o s u itab b e n c h m arks ecological indicators
    选取合适的生态指标的基准
    选取合适的生态指标的基准
7   Reporting & Communication n 报告和交流
    Re p o rtin g & C o m m u n ic atio     报告和交流
8   Implementtmanagement t ac tio n s to ad d re spriorityrity are as /th re ats
    Im p le m e n m an ag e m e n actions to address s p rio areas/threats
    执行管理行动,明确地区 / 威胁的优先顺序
    执行管理行动,明确地区 / 威胁的优先顺序
Reporting on river health
O b je c tive s fra me wo rk ( fro m YRC C )
     目标框架(来自水利部黄河水利委员会
“ The 4 No s ” 四不准
     )
• N o e m b an km e n t b re ac h in g 水不漫堤
• N o rive r ru n n in g d ry 无河流干涸
• N o wate r p o llu tio n b e yo n d s tan d ard 无超出标准的水体污染
• N o rive r b e d ris in g fu rth e r 无河床上升
“He a lthy Ind ic a to rs o f the Ye llo w
  Rive r”                                                              Hydrology   水文学
•   F lo w c o n tin u ity 河流连续性
                                                                       Geomorphology   地貌学
•   C h an n e l c o n fig u ratio n fo r wate r an d s e d im e n t
    tran s p o rtatio n   水和沉积物流动通道的容                                  Water q ua lity   水质
    量                                                                  Ecology 生态
•   Wate r q u ality s tan d ard 河水质量标准                                 Social-economic

•   Rive r e c o s ys te m 河流生态系统                                       社会经济
•   Wate r s u p p ly c ap ac ity 河水供应容量
河流健康的报告卡
水文和河流健康
Hyd ro lo g y a nd rive r he a lth
• 流量健康指数
  – 基于环境流量评估
• 流量偏离指数
  – 基于与自然流量情势的偏离情况
输出结果的实例




•   每一年都有得分
•   子指标可以显示流量情势的哪些组成部分是不健康的
•   主要对人工调节 e g ula tio n ,但也对自然变化敏感
    – 生态指标
大纲
1 . 项目简介

2. 环境流量评估

3. 河流健康评估

4. 主要发现和建议
河流健康评估
1 . 采取基于目标的方法来进行评估很重要
Importance of objectives-based approach to assessment


2. 需要对指标进行测试来确定是否适宜于当地情况:对照干扰
和 / 或目标
Indicators need to be tested for local relevance: against disturbance and/or
objectives


3. 首先,要建立一致的数据采集方法
   – 质量控制 / 质量保证很重要
In the first instance, establish consistent approach to data collection -
importance of quality control/quality assurance


4. 没有必要在所有的站点均使用同样的指标
It is not necessary to use the same indicators to compare across sites
环境流量
1. 采取基于目标的方法很重要
Importance of objectives-based approach


2. 采取全面的评估方法的价值:与相关概念的科学发展保持一
致
Value of holistic method of assessment: consistent with concept of scientific
development


3. 将方法与当地情况相适应
Adapt the method to suit the situation


4. 认识到环境流量是水资源分配过程的核心
   – 在进行水资源分配时,将相关信息纳入进来,再做出决策
Recognise that e-flows are central to the water allocation process
   – Make informed decisions when allocating water allocation
如需了解更多信息,请访问:

         www.watercentre.org
•   技术报告
•   详细的案例研究
•   报告卡
•   培训材料
•   流量健康( F lo wHe a lth )软件工具
谢谢 !

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2 river health assessment and environmental flows project finding summary

  • 2. 大纲 1. 项目简介 2. 环境流量评估 3. 河流健康评估 4. 主要发现和建议
  • 3. 大纲 1. 项目简介 2. 环境流量评估 3. 河流健康评估 4. 主要发现和建议
  • 4. 基本情况 : •2009 年 9 月 – 201 2 年 3 月 •400 万澳元 •2 个主题 : • 河流健康 • 环境流量
  • 5. 现状回顾 技术路线 黄河流域 ( 黄河下游 ) 政策发展;国 能力发展 试点 际回顾 珠江 流域 ( 桂江 ) 区域 辽河流域 ( 太子河 ) 评估河流健康和环境 国家层面的建议 流量需求
  • 6. 大纲 1. 项目简介 2. 环境流量评估 3. 河流健康评估 4. 主要发现和建议
  • 7. Identify assets Set objectives for each asset Develop preferred e-flow rules Outcomes and risks understood Model e-flows and security of supply against targets Presentation Heading
  • 8. 黄河下游 : 重要生态资产 黄河三角洲湿地 郑州黄河湿地 开封黄河湿地 孟津黄河湿地
  • 12. 大纲 1 . 项目简介 2. 环境流量评估 3. 河流健康评估 a. 珠江和辽河试点 b . 黄河试点 c . 水文 4. 主要发现和建议
  • 13. Imp o rta nt s te p s 项目发展的重要步骤 1 Id e ntify the o b je c of the o f the 确定项目目标 Identify the objectives tive s programp ro g ra m 确定项目目标 2 Id e n tify s u itab le m e as u re (in d ic ato of o f d rive stressors and response Identify suitable measures s(indicators)rs ) drivers, rs , s tre s s o rs an d 确认合适的驱使因素,压力源和反应的指标 re s p o n s e 3 确认合适的驱使因素,压力源和反应的指标 drivers to potentialn tial D e ve lo p c o n c e p tu al m o d e linking g ran of Develop conceptual models ls lin kinrangeg e o f d rive rs to p o te impacts 联系驱使因素和潜在影响开发概念模型 im p ac ts 4 联系驱使因素和潜在影响开发概念模型g e n o u s ‘rive r typ e s ’ River Classificationnto identify homogenous ‘river types’ Rive r C las s ific atio to id e n tify h o m o 河流分类从而确认相同的河流类型 河流分类从而确认相同的河流类型 5 Trial sampling program and drefinement n t o f in d ic ato rs 采样试验,完善 Trial s am p lin g p ro g ram an re fin e m e of indicators 采样试验,完善指 指标 标 6 Selection of fsuitablelebenchmarks forfo r e c o lo g ic al in d ic ato rs S e le c tio n o s u itab b e n c h m arks ecological indicators 选取合适的生态指标的基准 选取合适的生态指标的基准 7 Reporting & Communication n 报告和交流 Re p o rtin g & C o m m u n ic atio 报告和交流 8 Implementtmanagement t ac tio n s to ad d re spriorityrity are as /th re ats Im p le m e n m an ag e m e n actions to address s p rio areas/threats 执行管理行动,明确地区 / 威胁的优先顺序 执行管理行动,明确地区 / 威胁的优先顺序
  • 14.
  • 16. O b je c tive s fra me wo rk ( fro m YRC C ) 目标框架(来自水利部黄河水利委员会 “ The 4 No s ” 四不准 ) • N o e m b an km e n t b re ac h in g 水不漫堤 • N o rive r ru n n in g d ry 无河流干涸 • N o wate r p o llu tio n b e yo n d s tan d ard 无超出标准的水体污染 • N o rive r b e d ris in g fu rth e r 无河床上升 “He a lthy Ind ic a to rs o f the Ye llo w Rive r” Hydrology 水文学 • F lo w c o n tin u ity 河流连续性 Geomorphology 地貌学 • C h an n e l c o n fig u ratio n fo r wate r an d s e d im e n t tran s p o rtatio n 水和沉积物流动通道的容 Water q ua lity 水质 量 Ecology 生态 • Wate r q u ality s tan d ard 河水质量标准 Social-economic • Rive r e c o s ys te m 河流生态系统 社会经济 • Wate r s u p p ly c ap ac ity 河水供应容量
  • 17.
  • 19. 水文和河流健康 Hyd ro lo g y a nd rive r he a lth • 流量健康指数 – 基于环境流量评估 • 流量偏离指数 – 基于与自然流量情势的偏离情况
  • 20. 输出结果的实例 • 每一年都有得分 • 子指标可以显示流量情势的哪些组成部分是不健康的 • 主要对人工调节 e g ula tio n ,但也对自然变化敏感 – 生态指标
  • 21. 大纲 1 . 项目简介 2. 环境流量评估 3. 河流健康评估 4. 主要发现和建议
  • 22. 河流健康评估 1 . 采取基于目标的方法来进行评估很重要 Importance of objectives-based approach to assessment 2. 需要对指标进行测试来确定是否适宜于当地情况:对照干扰 和 / 或目标 Indicators need to be tested for local relevance: against disturbance and/or objectives 3. 首先,要建立一致的数据采集方法 – 质量控制 / 质量保证很重要 In the first instance, establish consistent approach to data collection - importance of quality control/quality assurance 4. 没有必要在所有的站点均使用同样的指标 It is not necessary to use the same indicators to compare across sites
  • 23. 环境流量 1. 采取基于目标的方法很重要 Importance of objectives-based approach 2. 采取全面的评估方法的价值:与相关概念的科学发展保持一 致 Value of holistic method of assessment: consistent with concept of scientific development 3. 将方法与当地情况相适应 Adapt the method to suit the situation 4. 认识到环境流量是水资源分配过程的核心 – 在进行水资源分配时,将相关信息纳入进来,再做出决策 Recognise that e-flows are central to the water allocation process – Make informed decisions when allocating water allocation
  • 24. 如需了解更多信息,请访问: www.watercentre.org • 技术报告 • 详细的案例研究 • 报告卡 • 培训材料 • 流量健康( F lo wHe a lth )软件工具

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Products are…..
  2. Equivalent recommendations for each of the pilot rivers
  3. Upper catchment in better condition; biotic indicators more sensitive than WQ indicators
  4. These results prepared for each of the 3 pilot studies
  5. Thanks yous; goodwill and great support; good luck…