Health care services
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small group tutorial in primary care posting..discussing about the differences of health care services in Malaysia vs UK
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Health care services
- 1. Q4 a)HEALTH CARE SERVICES MALAYSIA VS UK By Wan Awatif
- 2. Health care service in UK • Run by the National Health Service (NHS). • Predominantly by the public sector with the funds from general taxation and national insurance contributions. • 11.5 % of the population -supplementary private medical insurance. • The NHS is free at the point of delivery. • Charges would be on prescription drugs, ophthalmic services and dental services. • Exemptions, :for children, elderly, and the unemployed.
- 5. Health care service in MALAYSIA • Run by 2 system : public and private sector. • Mainly by public sector. • 4 years including 2 years of HO and 2 years government service with public hospitals = public sector. • Public covers ; hospitals, health centre, 1M clinic. • Private sector = mainly in urban areas.
- 6. MALAYSIA UK SECTOR Public/government NHS private private To whom: Public: Malaysian citizen (subsidize) NHS : permanent Foreigners (need to be paid) residents which covered Private : individually, fee-service scotland, northern island, wales and england Funding Government :subsidies NHS : general taxation, Private : insurance or own fund government - Profit oriented Private :insurance **NHS – provider & purchaser GPs Private sector Primary care which is governed by the NHS. Could be for free or patient need to pay under insurance. MO/specialist Majority in public sector Most of them would work Some in private with the NHS
- 7. MALAYSIA UK Primary care Majority -Health clinic as it Done by the GPs – under cheaper and more facilities NHS >>> free of charge. GP – expensive, lack of -Able to do more facilities investigation as it is being paid by the NHS **referrals **referrals foreigners Foreigners employed are Foreigners can benefit from charged with different rates the NHS provided that they hold a valid visa issued for a minimum duration of 6 months Transport cost Transport costs are not covered for people with low covered income Payment Payments in government Co-payments are according clinics are standardized to specific age group Government budgets Every year Budgets on NHS 3year cycle
- 9. The benefits of NHS • anyone can receive the medical care they need, regardless of their age, circumstances or financial situation • free of charge to most UK residents • receive advice from a pharmacist or the NHS Direct telephone helpline
- 10. Care available • Unwell>>> the medical practitioner >> offer the treatment options • Eg:. Can choose which of three local hospitals the pt desire., female or male doctor, or see a practitioner able to speak your native language such as Urdu and request a home or water birth.
- 11. Fig. 6 Life expectancy at birth (both sexes) compared -2002 Infant Mortality Rate Under 5 mortality Rate (per 1000 live birth) (per 1000 live birth) 2002 2002 MAL 8 MAL 8 UK 5 UK 7 Table 6. Comparison of mortality indicators of selected nations. (source: UNDP 2004
Editor's Notes
- Universal health care can be determined by three critical dimensions: who is covered, what services are covered, and how much of the cost is covered