2. CRITICAL CONCEPTS UNIT
ď˘ Nationalism
ď˘ Government Your goal:
ď˘ Economy Learn the definitions
ď˘ Religion of these concepts
ď˘ Geography
and use them
effectively when
talking about world
history.
3. NATIONALISM
ď˘ Love your country (nation).
ď˘ Do you love it more than ____ ?
Basic definition:
The belief that people should be loyal to their
nation.
4. NATIONALISM IS A COMPLEX CONCEPT.
ď˘ How do you define your nationality?
ď˘ What makes an American an American?
ď˘ What do you want for your nation?
ď˘ What would you do to make it happen?
ď˘ Nationalism is NOT loyalty to a government.
ď˘ Why not?
5. GOVERNMENT
ď˘ What is government?
ď˘ What does government do for us?
ď Do we need it?
ď˘ What different types of government are there?
6. CATEGORIES
ď˘ Think about how you would put the following
governments into categories.
7. AUTOCRACY
ď˘ a form of government in which one person
possesses unlimited power.
8. MONARCHY
ď˘ Nation is ruled by a king or queen
ď˘ Royal family
ď Princes, Princesses
ď Bloodlines
ď˘ William and Kate
9. DICTATORSHIP
ď˘ You do what I say, and I donât have to care what
you think.
ď˘ Basically the same as autocracy: a form of
government in which one person possesses
unlimited power.
ď˘ That one person is the dictator.
10. OLIGARCHY
ď˘ Nation ruled by a small GrOup of individuals.
15. SOCIALISM/COMMUNISM
ď˘ Government & Economic System
The idea:
ď˘ Everyone has a right to something.
ď˘ No one can get rich while another person starves.
How it actually usually works:
ď˘ One party takes control.
ď˘ One party gets privileges and power.
ď˘ The rest of the country suffers in poverty.
16. THEOCRACY
ď˘ God is the nationâs leader.
ď The religious leaders are in control of the nation.
ď˘ Vatican City
ď Pope
ď˘ Afganistan
ď Taliban
18. ECONOMY
ď˘ What is an economy?
ď The system of making and using money and resources.
ď˘ Does it matter what kind of economy your country
has?
19. COMMAND
ď˘ Lots of government control.
ď˘ Government tells you everything about how to run
your business.
ď˘ How much stuff to make
ď˘ How to make stuff
ď˘ What prices to sell stuff for
ď˘ How much people get paid
20. Type of
Economy Who makes decisions about
Production? Prices? Ownership?
Command The The All land and
Economy government government resources are
plans how controls all the owned by the
products are prices. government.
created Consumers
produced. have a small
selection of
goods and
services to buy.
21. MARKET/CAPITALISM
ď˘ You could get rich or you could go broke.
ď˘ Less government control
22. Type of
Economy Who makes decisions about
Production? Prices? Ownership?
Market Production is Prices are People are free
Economy based on determined by to buy or sell
Capitalism market supply and land, resources
demand demand in the and property.
among market. Consumers
consumers. have a large
Donât produce selection of
it if no one goods and
wants it. services to buy.
24. Type of
Economy Who makes decisions about
Production? Prices? Ownership?
Traditional The community Prices may not The community
Barter produces its apply. People may or may not
Economy own goods trade things. recognize
based on Barter. They private
traditional may not need ownership of
methods. markets land and
outside the natural
community. resources;
generally,
goods are
owned by the
community.
25. MERCANTILISM
ď˘ A belief that a nationâs power comes from its
wealth.
ď˘ Do you agree?
ď˘ The strategy:
ď Keep the wealth at home (in your nation).
ď Sell more than you buy.
26. IMPERIALISM
ď˘ Empire â Imperialism
ď˘ A strong nation dominates other countries
politically, economically or socially.
27. IMPERIALISM
ď Colonialism
ď˘A place governed internally by a
foreign nation.
ď Sphere of Influence
ď˘A place where a foreign nation
claims exclusive privileges.
ď Economic Imperialism
ď˘A place where private businesses
have control.
28. RELIGION
ď˘ What is religion?
ď˘ Why is religion important in studying history?
ď˘ How does religion influence our values?
ď˘ and our culture?
29. TOP FIVE RELIGIONS
What are the top five religions in the world?
1. Christianity
2. Islam
3. Hinduism
4. Buddhism
5. Judaism
32. THREE RELIGIONS
ď˘ Islam: Descendents of Ishmael will be a great
nation.
ď˘ Judaism: Descendents of Jacob will be a great
nation.
ď˘ Christianity: Judaism plus Jesus
33. FAMILY TREE OF RELIGION
Abraham
Ishmael Isaac
Jacob
Jews
Jesus
Muslims
Christians
39. GEOGRAPHY
ď˘ What Is Geography?
ď˘ Why is geography important to a country?
40. 5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
1. Location
2. Place
3. Human-Environmental Interactions
4. Movement
5. Regions
41. LOCATION
ď˘ Relative Location
ď North of âŚ
ď South of âŚ
ď In between ⌠and âŚ.
ď˘ Absolute Location
ď EXACTLY where.
Written as:
ď 21°N 158°W
42. PLACE
ď˘ Human Characteristics
ď˘ Physical Characteristics
49. REGIONS
ď˘ Northern Hemisphere
ď˘ Southern Hemisphere
ď˘ Western Hemisphere
ď˘ Eastern Hemisphere
ď˘ Tropic of Cancer
ď˘ Equator
This is an entire sphere.
50. THE GLOBAL GRID
The Earth is divided by latitude and longitude lines. There are
several important lines to know on the earth's surface:
#1 is the ARCTIC CIRCLE found at 66 ½ o NORTH
of the Equator
#2 is the TROPIC OF CANCER found at 23 ½ o
NORTH of the Equator
#3 is the EQUATOR which splits the earth
into two hemispheres at 0o Latitude
#4 is the TROPIC OF CAPRICORN found
23 ½ o SOUTH of the Equator.
#5 is the ANTARCTIC CIRCLE
6
#6 is the PRIME MERIDIAN which runs north to south at 0o LONGITUDE
51.
52. WHY GEOGRAPHY MATTERS:
ď˘ 90% of the world lives north of the equator.
ď˘ Most of the worldâs dry land is north of the equator.
ď˘ The area between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic
of Cancer is temperate. It has seasons. (Good for
agriculture)
53. WEATHER ZONES
ď˘ Polar
ď Too cold
ď˘ Tropical
ď Too hot
ď˘ Temperate
ď Just right
ď˘ How might weather conditions be helpful to a
country?
54. NATURAL RESOURCES
ď˘ Coal
ď˘ Iron
ď˘ Water
ď˘ Oil
ď˘ Diamonds
ď˘ Coltan
ď˘ What can a country do if it doesnât have the
resources it needs?
55. SETTLEMENT PATTERNS
ď˘ Where do people want to be?
ď˘ What would make people move?
ď˘ Migration: Moving
ď˘ Immigration: Moving INTO a country.
ď˘ Emigration: Moving OUT of a country.