This includes the basics of presentation skills which majority of people want to know.

1. Presented by,
Dr. Vimali. M,
Doctor of Pharmacy(Post Baccalaureate)

2. 

3.  1 - 2 minutes per slide
Generic 15 min Conference Presentation
Title Slide (1) Title, author, affiliation,
acknowledgements
Rationale (1-2) Why this is interesting
Methods (1-2) What you did
Results (2-4) What did you find and what does it mean
Summary (1) One thing you want them to remember
Preparation - Outline

4. Basic structure of a talk:
1. Introduction
2. Main part (body)
3. Conclusion
4. Question & Answer session
Plan your presentation carefully

5. Introduction
•Purpose of the introduction is “to tell the audience what
you are going to tell them”.
•Remember that there is no second chance for a first bad
impression. If you start off badly you will spoil everything.
•During the introduction you need to achieve the following
aims:
Gain Attention
attract Interest
create Desire
stimulate Action

6. Getting started - greeting the audience
• Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
• Welcome to my presentation.
• It’s very nice to see you all here today.
• Can we get started?
• Let me say just a few words about my background...
What you need to do first is to greet your audience. Here are some useful phrases:
Then you proceed to the introduction to your topic

7. Making an effective opening
• Give them a problem to think about (Suppose
you... Why is it that...)
• Give them some amazing facts.(Did you know that
...)
• Give them a story or a personal anecdote (stories
always atract attention)
• Use a citation (if you want to start on a more
philosophical note)
• Make a funny remark (but be careful with humour,
not all jokes work well)
• Record a music piece perhaps (if appropriate for
the topic)

8. Possible Introduction Scheme:
1. start with welcoming courtesies/
introduce yourself
2. state the purpose of your talk, using one of the
techniques
3. give a route map (tell them how long will your
presentation take)
4. give the rules (do you allow to be interrupted
or should your audience keep questions until
the end)

9. Some useful phrases
• What I want to do this morning is to …..
• My talk will take about 30 minutes.
• During my presentation, I’m going to be
focusing on four main areas.
• I’ll be giving out copies of my
transparencies at the end.
• If you have any questions, or comments
you’d like to make, please don’t hesitate to
stop me.

10. 
Apply the KISS principle: Keep it Short and
Simple.
Use active verbs instead of passive verbs.
For example,
 Toyota sold two million cars last year.
 Two million cars were sold by Toyota last year.
Language matters: Spoken vs.
Written Style

11. Chemistry
 Chemistry is an area of study which touches human life at
innumerable points. It is the science which forms a bridge
between physics and biology as well as between earth
sciences and life and medical sciences. It is therefore a
central science which holds the key to an appreciation
and understanding of life cycles on the one hand through
to man-made processes on the other.
Adapting the language

12. 
Can be spoken as…
Chemistry is a science which touches our lives at
many points. It forms a bridge between physics
and biology, earth sciences and medical sciences.
We can say that with chemistry we can better
understand life cycles on the one hand, and man-
made processes on the other.

13.  Singposting is the halmark of the language
of presentations.
 The more you use the signposting
phrases, the lighter and easier the
language becomes.
 Singposting phrases will help you lead
your audience; they will know where you
are going.
Signposting

14. 
 "I'll start by describing the current position in Europe.
 Then I'll move on to some of the achievements we've
made in Asia.
 After that I'll consider the opportunities we see for
further expansion in Africa.
 Lastly, I'll quickly recap before concluding with some
recommendations."

15.  Good afternoon everybody. I’d like to thank you all for
coming here today and listen to me. I hope by the end of
the day you will leave with a knowledge of what
equipment can do for you and how the government can
benefit by using it.
 If you would like to take notes, please do so. However, all
of you will be given a handout at the end of my
presentation.
Use singposting in your
presentations

16.  I am going to talk today about a new product, a breath
control measurement instrument ALCOTEST. The first such
product was introduced to the market 40 years ago and
has been used all over the world.
 The new range of products I’m going to familiarize you
with are the Alcotest 7110 MK III and Alcotest 7410. Now,
the main purpose of the talk, of my talk, is to outline the
major benefits of using these models.
Contd…

17. 
Contd…
Before doing so, I would like you to look at some
general technical features which I hope you will
find encouraging. Then I’ll move on to the
benefits for the users.
Let’s look at some figures. I’ll put them on the
screen now. As you can see the Alcotest comes as
a portable instrument, integrated in a metal case,
including heatable sampling hose, a 40-digit
alphanumerical display, integrated printer, mains
connection and 12 V battery.

18. Ending your talk
Don’t just end up abruptly without giving a conclusion.
The purpose of the conclusion is to “tell the people what you
have told them”.
Follow this scheme:
• summarise facts
• give recommendations
• give proposals
Thank the audience
Invite questions

19. Ending your talk : useful phrases
Wrapping up
• This brings me to the end of my presentation.
• Let me just run over the key points again…
• To sum up briefly…
• To conclude …
• As we’ve seen…
• So, my recommendation is ….
• I would welcome any suggestions.

20. Thanking the audience & Inviting
questions
•Thank you for your attention and if you
have any questions I’ll be pleased
to answer them.
• I’ll be happy to answer any questions.
• Are there any questions you’d like to
ask?

21. Consider this in preparing your presentation:
• Simplify the text.
• Focus your material. You can’t say everything.
• Use transitions (signsposting) to move smoothly.
• Use examples, anecdotes, statistics to support your message.
• Use a lot of visuals to reinforce the message.
• Consider timing.
• Apply the KISS principle.
• Practise alone and with the whole group.
Conclusion

22. Body language
Act confident, feel confident
Large personal space
Eye contact with audience
Open body language
Standing upright with shoulders back
Use your hands for emphasis but
avoid ‘flapping’

23. 
Do...
 Illustrate your key messages, eg.
 a startling statistic or image
 a quotation from someone famous that applies to your
message
 Use personal stories and easy examples to help illustrate
your points
 Involve your audience – interaction
 Ask questions to involve, establish rapport and support
your arguments
 Practice, Practice, Practice

24. 
Don’ts – a recap
Just read your slides
Script everything
Put too much information on a slide
Go overboard with fancy effects, they distract
from you and your key messages

25. 
Coping with nerves
Controlling your environment and handling pressure
 Practice using any equipment
 Plan B if technology fails you – eg. PPT formats
 Recognising adrenalin gives you an edge
 Pace yourself – most people speak too fast if nervous
 The more you practice and run through it, the more natural it
becomes
 Use crib cards with brief notes if you need to remember lots of
information
 Practice under pressure
 Deep breathing

26. 
Warm up!
 Helps you to relax
 Helps you to be heard
 Helps you to sound more confident.

27. 
Warm up!
Deep breathing exercises- in for a count of 5, out
for a count of 5. In for 6, out for 6, and so on, up
to 10.
Hum! This loosens the vocal chords and warms
them up
Do some tongue twisters. Really try to articulate
the words. Get faster and faster!
Yawn.

28. 
Tongue Twisters!
Unique New York
She sells sea shells by the sea shore. The
shells that she sells are sea shells I’m sure
Red Lorry, Yellow Lorry
Peter Piper picked a peck of picked peppers
Rubber buggy baby bumpers

29. 
Public Speaking Tips
Breathe deeply
Take your time
Test the microphone
Smile!

30. 
STEPS IN PRESENTATION

31. 
1. Planning

32. 
Start your Outline
 No Powerpoint
 Film with no script
 Pencil & Paper
 Order your thoughts
 Key points

33. When you plan your presentation you need to answer the
following questions:
1. Who is my audience (how much do they know about my
topic?)
2. How am I going to organise my topic? (it needs to tell a
story)
3. How long should my presentation be? (you will have
time limits and you need to say everything within that
limit)
4. What visual support shall I use? (PowerPoint,
transparencies, models, objects...?)
Plan

34. 
Structure
Have a sound, clear structure

35. 
Create interest
“We need to open gaps before we close them. Our
tendency is to tell people the facts. First, though,
they must realize that they need these facts.”
Dan & Chip Heath, Make it Stick

36. Introduction
Main theme
Summary/
Conclusions
Structure
Get Attention
Content
Key message

37. 
2. Preparation

38. 
Speaker’s 3 friends
1. Personal Notes
2. Visuals
3. Handouts

39. 
PowerPoint tips
Look at the audience, not the slides
Don’t overcrowd
Pay attention to colour and layout
Print out slides
Test beforehand

40. 
Flipcharts and Whiteboards
Good Points
Low-tech
Easy to add to
More contact with
audience
More interactive
Bad Points
Can only use once
Can’t add graphics
Can be hard to read
Hard to see

41. 
Flipcharts and Whiteboard Tips
Don’t hide!
Draw lines if needed
Pay attention to colour
Call ahead to check on facilities
Stick to a few key points

42. 
Powerpoint Karaoke

43. 
 The evils of Powerpoint are familiar to everyone, they include:
 Too much text
 Too small to read and is really only serving as a crutch for the
presenter
 Clip Art and Slide templates that have been seen a million times
 Spinning, wooshing, dazzlings animations
Part of the problem with having so much text onscreen is that it puts of
people. If the idea of your presentation is to read from the slides then
we are you there? Besides people can read quicker than you can talk
so they’ll have finished reading your slide and be waiting for the next
one, or even worse working on a masterpiece doodle.

44. Your presentation, Powerpoint or otherwise, should be a
supporting aid – you want main the focus on you, not
your presentation. Ideally, you should be able to
deliver an equally interesting presentation should the
projector/computer/room/audience break.
Avoid too many bullets as well – it makes the information
dull for the audience.
Contd…

45. 
“should have ten slides, last no more than twenty
minutes, and contain no font smaller than thirty
points.”
Guy Kawaski
10/ 20/ 30 rule

46. 
Colour
Use colour well

47. 
High quality images
Use images to
support your point
Use a consistent
theme

48. 
Presentation skills

49. 
PowerPoint Critique
Critique slides you have been given:
 What works?
 What does not work?
 How would you improve?

50. 
3. Practice

51. 
Fitness
 Slow to develop
 Quick to disappear
The more you practice:
 better you feel
 more you want to do

52. 
Lack of experience
Lack of preparation
Lack of enthusiasm
Negative self-talk
Feeling Nervous?

53. 
It’s not about you
Focus on your goal
what you are going to say
Audience
Make them comfortable
Interesting

54. 
Be over-prepared
Rehearse and practice
Know your subject
Use relaxation techniques
Be positive +++
Avoid stressors
Becoming Confident

55. 
4. Presenting

56. 
The most powerful visual aid
• words
• voice
• body language

57. 
Make a strong start

58. 
Show your passion

59. 

60. 

61. 
Smile

62. 
Dealing with Questions
TRACT technique
1. Thank the questioner
2. Repeat the question
3. Answer the question
4. Check with the questioner if they are satisfied
5. Thank them again

63. 
Dealing with Questions
 Questions show people are listening!
 Allow time to deal with them
 Decide when to answer them
 Try and anticipate
 Don’t be afraid to stop and think

64. 
What if I don’t know the answer?
 Open it to the floor
 Take details and answer later
 Repeat the question back if you don’t understand it

65. 
Facing your Fears
 Write your fears on a post-it
 Stick them up
 Find ways to face them in the group

66. 
Practice
Person A speak for 30 seconds about your
work.
Person B listen. At the end ask a question.
Person A use TRACT to respond.

67. 
Just a Minute
 Speak about subject for 1 minute
 Lose 1 point for each ‘umm’ or ‘ahh’
 Pauses and repetition allowed

68. 
Giving Criticism
Step 1: Listen to Criticism
Step 2: Decide on Truth
Step 3: Respond Assertively
Passive Response
Directly Aggressive Response
Indirectly Aggressive Response

70. 
Key tips for slides
 Font
 The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
 The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
 The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
 The quick brown fox jumps over the
lazy dog
70
Try to use “Sans Serif” fonts.
Try to avoid “Serif” fonts. These take
longer to read. “Serif” fonts have a
typeface with a small stroke at end of
the letters

71. 
Key tips for slides
 To Bold or not to Bold
 You can chose to use Bold letters to highlight words
 If you want to typeset in Bold then keep in mind the Font
and Font Size
 This does not look that good
This looks okay
71

72. 
Key tips for slides
CAPITAL ERROR
 AVOID WRITING WHOLE SENTENCES IN CAPITALS. IT IS
LESS READABLE AND MORE AGGRESSIVE
 This is already much more readable
 Use capitals for acronyms IMHO
72

73. 
Key tips for slides
 Font Size
 Make sure it is readable to your entire audience
 18 point
 20 point
 24 point
28 point
32 point
36 point
73

74. 
Key tips for slides
 There should be contrast in written text against the
background
74
This is OK This is OK
This is not OK This is not OK

75. 
Key tips for slides
 Give space in your slides.
 If you use any logos and picture ensure that they have a
good resolution
 For smaller audiences it might be a good idea to give
handouts to make the talk more personal
75

76.  The speaker was nervous
 The speaker was disorganised
 The speaker never looked at me
 The speaker had bad accent
 The speaker did not sound enthusiastic
 The speaker was monotonous
 The visuals were bad
 His/her clothing
 The speaker was speaking too softly
 The speech was confused; I didn’t know what
 He/she was trying to tell me
This is what irritates people
during presentations

77. 
 Make sure you have finished speaking before your
audience has finished listening.”
-Dorothy Sarnoff
 “The success of your presentation will be judged not by
the knowledge you send but by what the listener
receives.”
-Lily Walters
Quotes to remember…

78. 
“Top presenters have total control of their fears. They make fear
their slave, not the master.”
-Doug Malouf