1. Functional Core Stabilization

2. Chronic Musculoskeletal pain/chronic injuries in the spine and lower extremity are caused or perpetuated by muscle imbalances/weaknesses in the core musculature

3. Research indicates that 70-85% of all athletes suffer from recurrent low back pain. A comprehensive core stabilization program should be done will all lower extremity rehabilitation programs.

4. Individuals with a weak core substitute/compensate during dynamic functional movements leading to overuse/chronic injuries both upper and lower extremity

24. Paradigm Shift: NO longer looking to improve strength in one muscle but improvement in multidirectional neuromuscular efficiency (firing patterns in entire kinetic chain with complex motor patterns). The body doesn't just fire one muscle at a time for movement

31. Sherington’s Law of Reciprocal Inhibition: tight muscles will inhibit it’s functional antagonist. Example:The Psoas (most athletes) inhibit functional antagonists - deep abdominal wall, transverse abdomnis, internal oblique, multifidi, deep transverse spinalis, gluteus maximus. Thus the stabilization and coupli8ng phase will be reduces increasing the movement phase and muscle forces and decreasing efficiency.

40. ANATOMY Macro anatomy. Multifidus (MF) is the largest and most medial of the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Each muscle consists of five separate, overlapping bands that form a triangle as these bands run caudo laterally from the midline. Insertion: spinous process at caudal tip. Origin: transverse process at mamillary process, iliac crest, and sacrum (polysegmental: 2-4 segments below insertion at spinous process).

44. Lack of flexibility is often a phenomenon created by lack of stability in an attempt to stabilize the body for activity

45. Gluteus Maximus and minimus are inhibited in most athletes due to tight psoas (Summer, 1988).

56. Through the kinetic chain, muscle problems can lead to joint problems and joint problems can lead to muscle problems.

60. Hilton’s Law: any muscle that crosses that joint will be inhibited. With injuries the individual will have a lot of joint substitutions and muscle imbalances

71. ANATOMY Macro anatomy. Multifidus (MF) is the largest and most medial of the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Each muscle consists of five separate, overlapping bands that form a triangle as these bands run caudo laterally from the midline. Insertion: spinous process at caudal tip. Origin: transverse process at mamillary process, iliac crest, and sacrum (polysegmental: 2-4 segments below insertion at spinous process).