2. Portuguese
• In this presentation we are going to explain about the
followings topics:
1. Introduction
2. First Portuguese
3. Industrialization
4. More about Portuguese
5. Portuguese Influence in Asia
6. Important Dates
3. Introduction
• In the sixteenth century, the Portuguese established a
monopoly over trade between Asia and Europe by managing
to prevent rival powers from using the water routes between
Europe and the Indian Ocean. However, with the rise of the
rival Dutch East India Company, Portuguese influence in Asia
was gradually eclipsed.
• Dutch forces first established independent bases in the and
then between 1640 and 1660 wrestled Malacca, Ceylon, some
southern Indian ports, and the lucrative Japan trade from the
Portuguese.
4. Introduction
• Later, the English and the French established settlements in
India and established a trade with China and their own
acquisitions would gradually surpass those of the Dutch.
5. Vasco da Gama
• The first Portuguese encounter with India was on 20 May
1498 when Vasco da Gama reached Calicut on Malabar Coast.
Anchored off the coast of Calicut, the Portuguese invited
native fishermen on board and immediately brought some
Indian items. One Portuguese accompanied the fishermen to
the port and met with a Tunisian Muslim. On the advice of
this man, Gama sent a couple of his men to Ponnani to meet
with ruler of Calicut, the Zamorin.
6. Industrialization
• Before the Industrial Revolution in the mid-to-late nineteenth
century, demand for oriental goods remained the driving
force behind European imperialism, and the European stake in
Asia remained confined largely to trading stations and
strategic outposts necessary to protect trade.
• Industrialization, however, dramatically increased European
demand for Asian raw materials; and the severe Long
Depression of the 1870s provoked a scramble for new markets
for European industrial products and financial services in
Africa, the Americas, Eastern Europe, and especially in Asia.
7. More about Portuguese
• Portuguese monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean Early in
the 16th century Afonso de Albuquerque emerged as the
Portuguese colonial viceroy most instrumental in
consolidating Portugal's holdings in Africa and in Asia.
8. More about Portuguese
• He understood that Portugal could wrest commercial
supremacy from the Arabs only by force, and therefore
devised a plan to establish forts at strategic sites which would
dominate the trade routes and also protect Portuguese
interests on land.
• In 1510, he seized Goa in India, which enabled him to
gradually consolidate control of most of the commercial traffic
between Europe and Asia, largely through trade.
• In 1752 Mozambique got its own separate government and in
1844 the Portuguese Government of India stopped
administering the territory of Macau, Solor and Timor, and its
authority was confined to the colonial holdings on
the Malabar coast of India.
9. Portuguese Influence in Asia
• Europeans started to carry on trade from forts, acting as
foreign merchants rather than as settlers. In contrast, early
European expansion in the West Indies, (later known to
Europeans as a separate continent from Asia that they would
call the Americas) following the 1492 voyage of Christopher
Columbus, involved heavy settlement in colonies that were
treated as political extensions of the mother countries.
10. Portuguese Influence in Asia
• Lured by the potential of high profits from another
expedition, the Portuguese established a permanent base
south of the Indian trade port of Calicut in the early 15th
century. In 1510, the Portuguese seized Goa on the coast of
India, which Portugal held until 1961. The Portuguese soon
acquired a monopoly over trade in the Indian Ocean.
• By 1557, the Portuguese gained a permanent base in China at
Macau, which they held until 1999. The Portuguese, based at
Goa and Malacca, had now established a lucrative maritime
empire in the Indian Ocean meant to monopolize the spice
trade. The Portuguese also began a channel of trade with the
Japanese, becoming the first recorded Westerners to have
visited Japan. This contact introduced Christianity and fire-arms
into Japan.
11. Portuguese Influence in Asia
• By 1557, the Portuguese gained a permanent base in China at
Macau, which they held until 1999. The Portuguese, based at
Goa and Malacca, had now established a lucrative maritime
empire in the Indian Ocean meant to monopolize the spice
trade. The Portuguese also began a channel of trade with the
Japanese, becoming the first recorded Westerners to have
visited Japan. This contact introduced Christianity and fire-arms
into Japan.
12. Important Dates
• Portuguese in India
• Vasco da Gama sets anchor in the port of Calicut on Malabar
Coast 1498.
• Between 1498 and 1502 a factory was established in Calicut
that worked as warehouse.
• Pedro Alvarez Cabral attacked a Muslim vessel and in
retaliation the Muslims slaughtered the Portuguese
merchants stationed in the factory.
• Vasco da Gama returned in 1502 to slaughter the Muslims.
13. Important Dates
• The architect of Portuguese Indian Empire, Dom Alfonso
d’Albuquerque was the viceroy from 1509 to 1515. In 1510 he
seized the island of Goa from Bijapur sultan. Dom
d’Albuquerque had close association with the Vijayanagara
king, Krishna Deva Raya.
• 1542 first of the Jesuit missionaries arrived in India to
proselytize Hindus and Muslims.
• Battle of Talikot in 1565. The victory of Muslim kingdoms over
Vijayanagara Empire started the decline of Portuguese power
in India.
14. Thank you
Thank You For Viewing This Slideshow.
Thank You For Giving Your Precious Time.
At Last Thank You Very Much.
