1. A Brief History of
Disaster Response
Jim Kennedy

2. “In designing the layout of the camp it is
recommended that the team leader secure the
technical assistance of an experienced military
person familiar with the establishment of tent camps.
The advice of the military specialist in properly
spacing the tents and their grouping into residential
and community service areas should be followed.”
International Disaster Relief Manual
League of Red Cross Societies, Geneva 1959

3. Coyotepe Camp, Managua, 1973

6. Sphere Standards for Shelter -- Summary
•Maximum distance 500m to a water point
•Maximum distance 50m to latrine
•Maximum distance 100m to refuse pit
•Minimum surface area (averaged across the
camp) of 45m2 per person
•Minumum covered floor area 3.5m2 per
person

7. Transitional Settlement: Dispaced
Populations
(Corsellis and Vitale, 2005)

8. Transitional settlement and
reconstruction after natural
disasters
(United Nations, 2008)