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Hearing the Voices of
          h          f
the Base of the Pyramid


         Ted London
     University of Michigan
U-M Law School 2011


A New Starting Point


                   The ““Old”” Framing:
              Is there a fortune at the BoP?

          A Better Framing:
  How can we create a fortune with the
         base of the pyramid?
                                                            © Ted London
                                Source: London and Hart. 2011. Next Generation
                                Business Strategies for the Base of the Pyramid.
U-M Law School 2011


       Profits + Poverty Reduction?
                  Core Principle: Mutual Value Creation



          The greater the value created for those living at the
         BoP, th
         B P the greater th value created f th B P venture
                      t the l          t d for the BoP       t

                                   OR?


    Making money or generating
    p
    publicity off the backs of the
            y
                 poor?


                                                              © Ted London
       What are the impacts of BoP ventures on
                 poverty alleviation?
U-M Law School 2011


The Value of Impact Assessment
 Understand who at the base of the pyramid is impacted
 by these ventures and how they are affected

 Focus on maximizing impacts, not just measuring them
     From monitoring and evaluation
                   g                    assessing and enhancing
                                                g             g


 Guide strategy: Improve future actions
     Opportunity to hear the voices of those we seek to serve


 Develop deeper knowledge of the relationship between
 profits and poverty alleviation

               BoP I
               B P Impact Assessment Framework
                        tA         tF        k
                                                                © Ted London
U-M Law School 2011

     BoP Impact Assessment Framework
                                 Seller         Buyer
                             (Distributors   (Consumers                  Community
                             or Producers)    or Agents)




 Economic Well-Being




 Capability Well-Being




Relationship Well-Being




                                                                                  © Ted London
                                             Source: London, T. 2008. “The Base of the Pyramid Impact
                                             Assessment Framework: Understanding and Enhancing
                                             Value Creation”
U-M Law School 2011

     BoP Impact Assessment Framework
                                   Seller                 Buyer
                               (Distributors           (Consumers                 Community
                               or Producers)            or Agents)


                          +/- Income, income      +/- Economic                 +/- Local livelihoods
                          stability               consumer surplus             and income
 Economic Well-Being      +/- Access to           +/- Economic                 +/- Other businesses
                          credit/new debt
                              dit/   d bt         productivity
                                                      d ti it                  serving community
                                                                                    i            it
                          incurred                                             (e.g. competition)
                          +/- Skills, knowledge   +/- Health and               +/- Perceptions about
                          +/- Contentment;
                           /                      morbidity                    education, healthcare
 Capability Well-Being    quality of life         +/- Self-confidence,         +/- Aspirations of
                                                  dignity                      women, minorities

                          +/-
                          +/ Household roles      +/-
                                                  +/ Network access            +/-
                                                                               +/ Gender equity
                          +/- Social status       +/- Power of                 +/- Relationship with
Relationship Well-Being
                                                  intermediaries (e.g.         environment
                                                  dependency)

                                                                                           © Ted London
                                                                     Source: London, T. 2009. “Making Better
                                                                     Investments at the Base of the Pyramid”
U-M Law School 2011


     A Dynamic Process of Value
             Creation
             C i
                      Business Model of BoP Venture


                           Strategic Analysis

     Use Findings to Enhance               Use Findings to Design
      Business Model Design              Process for Tracking Impacts


                         Performance Analysis

     Use Findings to Enhance               Use Findings to Enhance
      Business Model Design              Process for Tracking Impacts


                                                                 © Ted London
U-M Law School 2011




Ideas                 Action
                      (Formerly Scojo)




                                                             © Ted London
                                         Photos: Courtesy of Jordan Kassalow
U-M Law School 2011




      If you cannot clearly demonstrate and
      articulate your value proposition for the
                 y
       BoP, someone else may do it for you


        If you cannot clearly assess and
     enhance your value proposition f th
       h              l          iti for the
     BoP, you should not be involved in BoP
              venture development
                  t   d    l        t

                      Thank you!          © Ted London

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Ted London | Hearing the Voices of the Base of the Pyramid

  • 1. Hearing the Voices of h f the Base of the Pyramid Ted London University of Michigan
  • 2. U-M Law School 2011 A New Starting Point The ““Old”” Framing: Is there a fortune at the BoP? A Better Framing: How can we create a fortune with the base of the pyramid? © Ted London Source: London and Hart. 2011. Next Generation Business Strategies for the Base of the Pyramid.
  • 3. U-M Law School 2011 Profits + Poverty Reduction? Core Principle: Mutual Value Creation The greater the value created for those living at the BoP, th B P the greater th value created f th B P venture t the l t d for the BoP t OR? Making money or generating p publicity off the backs of the y poor? © Ted London What are the impacts of BoP ventures on poverty alleviation?
  • 4. U-M Law School 2011 The Value of Impact Assessment Understand who at the base of the pyramid is impacted by these ventures and how they are affected Focus on maximizing impacts, not just measuring them From monitoring and evaluation g assessing and enhancing g g Guide strategy: Improve future actions Opportunity to hear the voices of those we seek to serve Develop deeper knowledge of the relationship between profits and poverty alleviation BoP I B P Impact Assessment Framework tA tF k © Ted London
  • 5. U-M Law School 2011 BoP Impact Assessment Framework Seller Buyer (Distributors (Consumers Community or Producers) or Agents) Economic Well-Being Capability Well-Being Relationship Well-Being © Ted London Source: London, T. 2008. “The Base of the Pyramid Impact Assessment Framework: Understanding and Enhancing Value Creation”
  • 6. U-M Law School 2011 BoP Impact Assessment Framework Seller Buyer (Distributors (Consumers Community or Producers) or Agents) +/- Income, income +/- Economic +/- Local livelihoods stability consumer surplus and income Economic Well-Being +/- Access to +/- Economic +/- Other businesses credit/new debt dit/ d bt productivity d ti it serving community i it incurred (e.g. competition) +/- Skills, knowledge +/- Health and +/- Perceptions about +/- Contentment; / morbidity education, healthcare Capability Well-Being quality of life +/- Self-confidence, +/- Aspirations of dignity women, minorities +/- +/ Household roles +/- +/ Network access +/- +/ Gender equity +/- Social status +/- Power of +/- Relationship with Relationship Well-Being intermediaries (e.g. environment dependency) © Ted London Source: London, T. 2009. “Making Better Investments at the Base of the Pyramid”
  • 7. U-M Law School 2011 A Dynamic Process of Value Creation C i Business Model of BoP Venture Strategic Analysis Use Findings to Enhance Use Findings to Design Business Model Design Process for Tracking Impacts Performance Analysis Use Findings to Enhance Use Findings to Enhance Business Model Design Process for Tracking Impacts © Ted London
  • 8. U-M Law School 2011 Ideas Action (Formerly Scojo) © Ted London Photos: Courtesy of Jordan Kassalow
  • 9. U-M Law School 2011 If you cannot clearly demonstrate and articulate your value proposition for the y BoP, someone else may do it for you If you cannot clearly assess and enhance your value proposition f th h l iti for the BoP, you should not be involved in BoP venture development t d l t Thank you! © Ted London