God reveals exciting truths about His nature through the pages of the Old Testament. We can discover many spiritual gems by knowing the story of the Old Testament and how the various books of the Bible fit into that story. John Beene taught an Overview of the Old Testament at the November 20, 2011 congregational worship. The class included timelines, pictures, and maps to help the scriptures come to life. Listen to the lessons, view the Power Point presentation, and use the Old Testament Timelines to further your own study of God's story in the Old Testament.
4. Old Testament Timeline
Conquest
Judges Kingdom Divides
God Calls Abraham Judah Destroyed
Creation Enslaved Prophecy Ceased
17 Historical Books (Genesis – Esther)
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
Move to Egypt Exiles Return
Flood Israel Destroyed
United Kingdom
Exodus
22 Books of Poetry & Prophecy (Job – Malachi)
5. Patriarchs, Exodus,
Conquest, & Judges
Joshua
God Calls Abraham
& Conquest
Jacob Judges
Creation Move to Egypt
Enslaved
Genesis
2600 2350 2100 1850 1600 1350 1100
Flood
Exodus
& the Law
Isaac Moses Born
11. GOD CALLED ABRAHAM
“All peoples on earth will be blessed through you.”
Genesis 12:3
12. “FOR THE SIN OF THE AMORITES HAS NOT
YET REACHED ITS FULL MEASURE.”
Genesis 15:16
13. “Consider Abraham: „He believed God, and it was
credited to him as righteousness.‟
Understand, then, that those who believe are
children of Abraham.”
Galatians 3:6-7 NIV
19. Patriarchs, Exodus,
Conquest, & Judges
Joshua
God Calls Abraham
& Conquest
Jacob Judges
Creation Move to Egypt
Enslaved
Genesis
2600 2350 2100 1850 1600 1350 1100
Flood
Exodus
& the Law
Isaac Moses Born
Book of Poetry
Job
20. “THERE IS NO ONE ON EARTH LIKE HIM; HE
IS BLAMELESS & UPRIGHT, A MAN WHO
FEARS GOD & SHUNS EVIL.”
Job 1:8
21. FRIENDS ACCUSE JOB
“I am angry with you
and your two
friends, because you
have not spoken of
me what is right, as
my servant Job has.”
Job 42:7
22. Patriarchs, Exodus,
Conquest, & Judges
Joshua
God Calls Abraham
& Conquest
Jacob Judges
Creation Move to Egypt
Enslaved
Genesis Exodus
2600 2350 2100 1850 1600 1350 1100
Flood
Exodus
& the Law
Isaac Moses Born
Book of Poetry
Job
25. MOSES LEAD EXODUS OUT OF EGYPT
“You will know that I am the Lord your God.”
Exodus 6:7, 7:5
26. “When we heard of it, our hearts melted…
because… The Lord your God is God in heaven
above and on the earth below.”
Joshua 2:11
27. GOD GAVE ISRAEL THE LAW
“Love the Lord your God.”
Exodus 19, Deuteronomy 6:5
28. Patriarchs, Exodus,
Conquest, & Judges
Joshua
God Calls Abraham
& Conquest
Jacob Judges
Creation Move to Egypt
Enslaved
Genesis Exodus
2600 2350 2100 1850 1600 1350 1100
Flood
Exodus
& the Law
Isaac Moses Born
Book of Poetry
Job
29. Exodus, Conquest, & Judges
Joshua & the Conquest
Judges
Leviticus Samuel
Exodus
1325 1275 1225 1175 1125 1075 1025
Ruth
Moses, the Exodus &
The Law
30. “THE LAW IS HOLY, AND THE COMMANDMENT
IS HOLY, RIGHTEOUS AND GOOD.”
Romans 7:12
31. LEVITICUS 26 – GUIDE TO PARENTING
• Expressed Expectations
• Spells out Reward for Obedience
• Spells out Consequences for Disobedience
42. Exodus, Conquest, & Judges
Joshua & the Conquest
Judges
Deuteronomy
Leviticus Samuel
Exodus Numbers Joshua Judges
1325 1275 1225 1175 1125 1075 1025
1 Samuel
Ruth
Moses, the Exodus &
The Law
43. CYCLE OF JUDGES
Forgot God
Served Other
Judge Died
gods
Judges Handed over
Delivered to Raiders
Judges 2
44. JUDGES LEAD ISRAEL
“In those days there was no king in Israel;
everyone did whatever he wanted.”
Judges 21:25
45. Exodus, Conquest, & Judges
Joshua & the Conquest
Judges
Deuteronomy
Ruth
Leviticus Samuel
Exodus Numbers Joshua Judges
1325 1275 1225 1175 1125 1075 1025
1 Samuel
Ruth
Moses, the Exodus &
The Law
46. “I‟ve been told all about what you have done for
your mother-in-law… May you be richly rewarded
by the Lord, the God of Israel, under whose wings
you have come to take refuge.”
Ruth 2:11-12
47. Patriarchs, Exodus,
Conquest, & Judges
Joshua
God Calls Abraham
& Conquest
Jacob Judges
Creation Move to Egypt
Enslaved
Genesis Exodus
2600 2350 2100 1850 1600 1350 1100
Flood
Exodus
& the Law
Isaac Moses Born
Book of Poetry
Job
49. Old Testament Timeline
Conquest
Judges Kingdom Divides
God Calls Abraham Judah Destroyed
Creation Enslaved Prophecy Ceased
17 Historical Books (Genesis – Esther)
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
Move to Egypt Exiles Return
Flood Israel Destroyed
United Kingdom
Exodus
22 Books of Poetry & Prophecy (Job – Malachi)
50. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Samuel
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
55. KING SAUL
“You have rejected the
word of the Lord, and
the Lord has rejected
you as king over Israel.”
1 Samuel 15:26
56. SAMUEL ANOINTS DAVID TO BE THE NEXT KING
“The Lord looks at the
heart” & “I have found
David son of Jesse a
man after my own heart.”
1 Samuel 16:7 , Acts 13:22
59. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Samuel 2 Samuel
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
62. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms
63. “My soul finds rest in God alone; my salvation
comes from him. He alone is my rock and my
salvation; he is my fortress, I will never be
shaken.”
Psalm 62:1-2
64. “I pour out my complaint before him; before him I
tell my trouble. ”
Psalm 142:2
65. “Praise the Lord, all you nations; extol him, all you
peoples. For great is his love toward us, and the
faithfulness of the Lord endures forever. Praise the
Lord.”
Psalm 117
66. “Of David… When he had fled from Saul into the
cave.”
Psalm 57
67. “A psalm of David. When the prophet Nathan
came to him after David had committed adultery
with Bathsheba.”
Psalm 51
68. “Lead me to the rock that is higher than I”
Psalm 61:2
69. USING THE PSALMS
Learn about God
Examples of openness & expression to God
Break up rather than read straight through
Use as guides in prayer & worship
70. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms
72. KING SOLOMON
“I will give you a wise and discerning heart, so that
there will never have been anyone like you, nor will
there ever be. Moreover, I will give you what you
have not asked for – both riches and honor – so
that in your lifetime you will have no equal among
kings. ”
1 Kings 3:12-13
74. KING SOLOMON
“He spoke three
thousand proverbs.”
1 Kings 4:32
75. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms Proverbs
78. “Lazy hands makes a man poor, but diligent hands
bring wealth. ”
Proverbs 10:4
79. “Starting a quarrel is like breaching a dam; so drop
the matter before a dispute breaks out.”
Proverbs 17:14
80. “The words of a gossip are like choice morsels;
they go down to a man‟s inmost parts.”
Proverbs 18:8
81. “Do not slander a servant to his master, or he will
curse you, and you will pay for it.”
Proverbs 30:10
82. “Do not slander a co-worker to his boss, or he will
curse you, and you will pay for it.”
Proverbs 30:10
83. “Like a madman shooting firebrands or deadly
arrows is a man who deceives his neighbor and
says, „I was only joking!‟”
Proverbs 26:18-19
84. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms Proverbs, Song of Songs
Proverbs
90. KING SOLOMON
“King
Solomon, however, love
d many foreign women…
from nations the Lord
had told the
Israelites, „You must not
intermarry‟… and his
wives led him astray.”
1 Kings 11:1-3
91. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, S
Song of Songs
ong of Songs
94. “Now all has been heard; here is the conclusion of
the matter: Fear God and keep his
commandments, for this is the whole duty of man.”
Ecclesiastes 12:13
95. The United Kingdom
Samuel King David
Jerusalem Becomes
Kingdom Divides
Capital
David & Bathsheba
1 Chronicles 2 Chronicles
1 Samuel 2 Samuel 1 Kings
1085 1045 1005 965 925
Temple Built
David Slays Goliath King Solomon
King Saul
Books of Poetry
Psalms Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, S
Song of Songs
ong of Songs
97. Old Testament Timeline
Conquest
Judges Kingdom Divides
God Calls Abraham Judah Destroyed
Creation Enslaved Prophecy Ceased
17 Historical Books (Genesis – Esther)
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
Move to Egypt Exiles Return
Flood Israel Destroyed
United Kingdom
Exodus
22 Books of Poetry & Prophecy (Job – Malachi)
98.
99. KING REHOBOAM TAKES WRONG ADVICE
“The king answered the
people harshly.
Rejecting the advice
given him by the
elders, he followed the
advice of young men.”
1 Kings 12:13-14
109. The Divided Kingdom
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Elijah Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
110. KING AHAB & JEZEBEL OF ISRAEL
“Did more to provoke the
Lord… than did all the
kings of Israel before
him.”
1 Kings 16:33
111. KING JEHOSHAPHAT OF JUDAH
“He did not consult the
Baals but sought the
God of his father and
followed his commands
rather than the practices
of Israel.”
2 Chronicles 17:3-4
112. “THE LORD WARNED ISRAEL AND JUDAH
THROUGH ALL HIS PROPHETS”
2 Kings 17:13
113. “TURN FROM YOUR EVIL WAYS AND KEEP MY
COMMANDMENTS.”
2 Kings 17:13
114. The Divided Kingdom
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Elijah Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri
Elijah
Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
115. ELIJAH & ELISHA
Elijah Defeats Baal Elijah & Chariot of Fire
Elisha Sees Army of God
“Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.”
1 Kings 18, 2 Kings 2, 2 Kings 6:16
116. The Divided Kingdom
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Elijah Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri
Elijah
Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
120. PROPHET JONAH
“They turned from their
evil ways”
Jonah 3:10
121. The Divided Kingdom
Books of Prophecy to Israel (North) Hosea
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Amos
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Elijah Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri
Elijah
Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
Book of Prophecy to Nineveh, Assyria Jonah
122. PROPHET AMOS
“Woe to you who are complacent in Zion, and to
you feel secure on Mount Samaria”
Amos 6:1
123. PROPHET AMOS
“Jeroboam will die by the sword, and Israel will
surely go into exile”
Amos 7:11
124. PROPHET HOSEA
“Take to yourself an
adulterous wife and
children of
unfaithfulness, because
the land is guilty of the
vilest adultery in departing
from the Lord.”
Hosea 1:2
125. PROPHET HOSEA
“Go show your love to your
wife again though she is
loved by another and is an
adulterous. Love her as
the Lord loves the
Israelites.”
Hosea 3:4-5
126. The Divided Kingdom
Books of Prophecy to Israel (North) Hosea
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Amos
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri
Elijah
Elijah
Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha- Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
Isaiah
Books of Prophecy to Judah (South)
Micah
Book of Prophecy to Nineveh, Assyria Jonah
127. PROPHET ISAIAH
“Though your sins are
like scarlet, they shall be
white as snow; though
they are red as
crimson, they shall be
like wool.”
Isaiah 1:18
128. PROPHET ISAIAH
“Come, let us go up to
the mountain of the
Lord, to the house of the
God of Jacob. He will
teach us his ways, so
that we may walk in his
paths. The law will go
out from Zion, the word
of the Lord from
Jerusalem.”
Isaiah 2:3
129. PROPHET ISAIAH
“The virgin will be with
child and will give birth
to a son and will call him
Immanuel.”
Isaiah 7:14
130. PROPHET ISAIAH
“He was pierced for our
transgressions, he was
crushed for our
iniquities.”
Isaiah 53:5
131. PROPHET MICAH
“Bethlehem… out of you will come for me one who will be ruler
over Israel, who origins are from of old, from ancient times.”
Micah 5:2
132. PROPHET MICAH
“Who is a God like you, who pardons sin and forgives the
transgression… You do not stay angry forever but delight to
show mercy.”
Micah 7:18
133. “TURN FROM YOUR EVIL WAYS AND KEEP MY
COMMANDMENTS.”
2 Kings 17:13
135. “The king of Assyria invaded the entire
land, marched against Samaria and laid siege to it
for three years. In the ninth year of Hoshea, the
king of Assyria captured Samaria and deported the
Israelites to Assyria.”
2 Kings 17:5-6
136. ISRAEL
“The Lord was very angry with
Israel, and He removed them
from His presence.”
JUDAH
2 Kings 17:18
137. The Divided Kingdom
Books of Prophecy to Israel (North) Hosea
I E Kingdom Divides Elah Ahab Jehoahaz
Amos
Israel Destroyed
Zechariah
Jeroboam Zimri Jehoash Shallum
S Nadab Omri
Elijah
Elijah
Ahaziah Jeroboam II Menahem
R Baasha Jehoram (Joram)
Elisha- Elisha
Pekahiah
Pekah
A L Jehu Hoshea
2 Chronicles
1 Kings 2 Kings
930 860 790 720
J
U Jehoshaphat Uzziah (Azariah) Hezekiah
H Asa
Amaziah
Ahaz
D Abijah
Joash
Jotham
Queen Athaliah
A Rehoboam Ahaziah
Jehoram
Isaiah
Books of Prophecy to Judah (South)
Micah
Book of Prophecy to Nineveh, Assyria Jonah
143. “The people you deported and resettled in the
towns of Samaria do not know what the god of that
country requires. He has sent lions among
them, which are killing them off.”
2 Kings 17:26
144. SAMARIA
Mixed people who
worshipped many gods.
2 Kings 17:24-41
146. KING HEZEKIAH
“Hezekiah trusted in the
Lord, the God of Israel.
There was no one like
him among all the kings
of Judah, either before
him or after him.”
2 Kings 18:5
147. PROPHET ISAIAH
“Do not be afraid… He
will return to his own
country, and there I will
have him cut down with
the sword.”
2 Kings 19:6-7
150. KING MANASSEH
“He did much evil in the
eyes of the Lord.”
2 Kings 21:6
151. KING MANASSEH
“Shed so much innocent
blood that he filled
Jerusalem from end to
end.”
2 Kings 21:16
152. KING MANASSEH
“I am going to bring such
disaster on Jerusalem and
Judah that the ears of
everyone who hears of it
will tingle.”
2 Kings 21:12
153. Micah
Judah’s Fall
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum
154. “Celebrate your festivals, O Judah and fulfill your
vows. No more will the wicked invade you; they
will be completely destroyed. An attacker
advances against you, Nineveh.”
Nahum 1:15-2:1
155. Micah
Judah’s Fall
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum
156. KING JOSIAH
“He did what was right in
the eyes of the Lord and
walked in the ways of his
father David, not turning
aside to the right or to
the left.”
2 Chronicles 34:2
157. JOSIAH REFORMS JUDAH
“None of the
kings of Israel
had every
celebrated such
a Passover as
did Josiah.”
2 Chronicles 35:18
158. PROPHET ZEPHANIAH
“The great day of the Lord
is near – near and coming
quickly… That day will be
a day of wrath, a day of
distress and anguish, a
day of trouble and ruin, a
day of darkness and
gloom.”
Zephaniah 1:14-15
159. PROPHET ZEPHANIAH
“Before the fierce anger of
the Lord comes upon
you… Seek the Lord…
perhaps you will be
sheltered on the day of the
Lord‟s anger.”
Zephaniah 2:2-3
160. Micah
Judah’s Fall Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum
161. PROPHET HABAKKUK
HABAKKUK GOD
“Why do you tolerate “I am raising up the
wrong?” Babylonians”
Habakkuk 1:2, 6
162. PROPHET HABAKKUK
HABAKKUK GOD
“Why are you silent while the “You have plundered many
wicked swallow up those more nations, the peoples who are
righteous than themselves?” left will plunder you.”
Habakkuk 1:13, 2:8
163. PROPHET HABAKKUK
“I stand in awe of your deeds, O Lord.”
Habakkuk 3:2
169. PROPHET JEREMIAH
“O Lord, you deceived
me, and I was deceived.”
Jeremiah 20:7
170. PROPHET JEREMIAH
“If I say, „I will not
speak… any more in his
name,‟ his word is in my
heart like a fire, a fire
shut up in my bones. I
am weary of holding it in;
indeed I cannot.”
Jeremiah 20:9
171. PROPHET JEREMIAH
“But the Lord is with me
like a might warrior; so
my persecutors will
stumble and not prevail.”
Jeremiah 20:11
172. PROPHET JEREMIAH
“This whole country...
will serve the king of
Babylon seventy years.”
Jeremiah 25:11
173. Micah
Judah’s Fall Habakkuk
Zephaniah
Joel
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah Jeremiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum
177. “Because of the Lord‟s great love we are not
consumed, for his compassions never fail. They
are new every morning; great is your faithfulness.”
Lamentations 3:22
179. EXILED TO BABYLON
Babylon
“Those who escaped from the sword he deported to Babylon.”
2 Chronicles 36:20
180. Micah
Judah’s Fall Habakkuk Lamentations
Zephaniah
Joel
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah Jeremiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum Obadia
h
181. “You should not look down on your brother in the
day of his misfortune… As you have done, it will be
done to you… there will be no survivors from the
house of Esau”
Obadiah 12, 15, 18
182. Micah
Judah’s Fall Habakkuk Lamentations
Zephaniah
Joel
Books of Prophecy to Judah
Isaiah Jeremiah
Hezekiah Jehoahaz
Manasseh Jehoiakim
Amon Jehoiachin
Josiah Zedekiah
Josiah’s Jerusalem
Reforms Destroyed
2 Chronicles
2 Kings
730 680 630 580
3rd Exiles
2nd Exiles
Jerusalem
Siege
1st Exiles Taken
Babylon Attacks
Jerusalem
Babylon Invades Judah
Assyria Invades Judah Babylon Defeats Egypt
Samaria Resettled Egypt Subjects Judah
Israel Destroyed by Assyria Babylon Conquers Assyria
Daniel
Books of Prophecy in Exile Ezekiel
Books of Prophecy about Others Nahum Obadia
h
IntroductionSuper excited to be sharing about the Old TestamentLove the Old TestamentSo much we can learn about GodOld Testament we get to see God interact with mankindGod laid foundation for NT – can’t understand NT without OTGod spent 2,000 years revealing His plan for mankindFocus only on NT, you see 100 years of God’s revelationMany truths God didn’t rewrite after JesusGod expected us to use all of His WordYou can not know the fullness of God without digging into OTFor many OT is difficult to understandSeems like irrelevant historyMiss the gems of the OTOne way we can vastly improve our understandingKnow the overall story of the OTKnow the story from start to finish
Story of Old TestamentGod created the worldGod chose Abraham to reveal God to the worldAbraham’s descendants grew into nation of IsraelIsraelites were enslaved in EgyptGod used Moses to lead Israel out of EgyptIsrael conquered the land God promised themFor a time Israel was led by JudgesGod gave them a king & established under Saul, David, & SolomonBut Israel turned to other godsGod split the nation into northern Israel & southern JudahBoth turned away from God & sent prophets to call to repentanceRefused to repent so God usedAssyrians to destroy the north & they would be no moreBabylonians destroyed the south but God spared some exilesExiles of Judah were later allowed to rebuildLeft waiting for the MessiahKnow how books of Bible fit into that storyOur goal today – know the storySee the story of the Old TestamentSee how the books of Bible fit into that storyBy knowing context you will understand moreEntice you to go and studyReceive lessons God has for us thereTimelineMany dates are debatable – Focus on progression, not specific datesBreak down into 2 categories17 Historical books: Genesis-EstherTell events of the Old TestamentMostly in Chronological order22 Books of Poetry & Prophecy: Job-MalachiWritten during historical booksServe various purposesOffer some additional historyImportant to know how they fit into history to understandBreakdown our timeline into 5 sections, roughly 20-25 minutes eachWon’t cover every event on timeline but hope to make these available online
Start with first huge chunk of our timelineCovering anywhere from 3,000 yrs to 18 billion yrs of human historyGenesis – JudgesZoom in
Genesis tells us about the beginning
God created the heavens and the earthCreated Adam & Eve – can’t show picture of them in churchAdam & Eve sinned against God
Romans 5:12 Sin entered the world creating divide with GodRest of Bible – God winning men back to Him
Gen 6:1 Men populated worldMankind’s time before God’s plan of salvationResult?
Gen 6:5 Thoughts of men were on evil all the time
Flood – Gen 6-7Saved humanity through one family’s faithIncredible story of standing up for God no matter whatMen populated world againGod begins His salvation plan
Abraham chosen to reveal GodGenesis 12:3World knew very little about GodGod chose one man’s family to change thatWhole world would get to see & know God through Abraham’s familyCalled to go, Abraham leaves to go to distant landGod promised Abraham that his children would own this landBut not yet
Genesis 15:16 Sin of Amorites hasn’t reached full measure
Galatians 3:6-7Paul says our walk with God is like Abraham’sWhen you look at Abraham’s time with God you seeTheir friendshipAbraham’s faithGod’s amazing graceThat’s how we are to walk with God
IsaacJacob
Where God built Abraham’s faith through unwavering supportGod built Jacob’s faith through disciplineGod changed his name to Israel
Has 12 Sons whose descendants would become 12 tribes of Israel
JosephOne of Jacob’s sonsIs thrown into a pit by his brothers & becomes a prince of EgyptGreat story of God’s providence – hard times have a purposeGenesis 45:7 Joseph’s hardships put him in position to save his family
Jacob & family move to Egypt
During this time Job is likely writtenDate is widely debatedFavor time before Moses because there’s no mention of Israel or LawSeveral other things pointing to this time but nothing rock solid
Job 1:8God allowed Satan to destroy a righteous man’s lifeJob remained faithful despite suffering
Most of Job – Group session to convince Job that Job sinnedJob 42:7Job’s calamity was not because of Job’s sinBecause most is one conversation – Best to study broadlyNot a little here and thereMust know context of conversationJob is unique book – very relatable when going through hard timesBack to Israel’s story
Exodus 1-2 covers 300-400 yearsRest of Exodus covers 1-2 years
Exodus 1Israelites grew in number over several generations.Enslaved by Egyptians
God chose MosesSaved him at birthdayEducated by Israelites & EgyptiansForced Moses to flee
Exodus 3Moses is sent to Egypt to tell Pharoah “Let my people go”God sends 10 astonishing plaguesDevastating the world’s most powerful nationAt end, slaves leave having plundered the EgyptiansMoses led God’s people through the sea & killed Egyptian armyExodus 6:7, 7:5God’s coming out partyGod of Israel devastated Egypt & their godsGod made it known – I am God and these are my peoplePrior God was known to Abraham’s familyNow the world knew
40 years later, miles away, the people of Jericho said Joshua 2:11
Exodus 193 months from EgyptGod descended onto Mt Sinai & gave Israel the lawMost think God gave 10 Commandments (Exodus 20)God gave them many other lawsLaws are writtenExodus 20-40LeviticusNumbers 5-9, 15, 18-19, 28-30
LeviticusAt this time Leviticus is written Leviticus – Almost all law 24 out of 27 chaptersLeviticus 8-10 tells of beginning of priesthoodToughest books to study
Study to see heart of GodRomans 7:12 the law is holyWhy did God command these things?To teach toLove & honor HimLove one another
Leviticus 26 – great class on parentingGave expectationsSpells out reward for obedienceSpells out consequences for disobedienceExactly what we should do with our children
So Israel is at Mt SinaiNumbersNumbers 1:2 God commanded census = Numbers
Numbers 10 leave Mt SinaiNumbers 13-14Spy out the Promise LandLack of faith
Exodus 14:4 Lets choose a leader and go back
Exodus 14:33 children will take land but you will die in desertNumbers accounts for 40 years in the wilderness
DeuteronomyMoses farewell speechDeuteronomy is Moses explaining law at end of lifeMoses focuses on heart of the law
Deut 6:5DeuteronomyAlso tells of Israel conquering land east of JordanMoses dies leaving Joshua in chargeIsrael is on edge of Promise Land ready to enter the land
Joshua
Josh 1:6
Joshua leads Israel to conquer the Promise LandWalls of Jericho fallingOne man, Achan’s sin defeats IsraelThe day the sun stood stillDivision of land
Period of Judges
Settled into Promise LandCycle of judges Forgot God Served other gods Handed to raiders Judges delivered Judge died
Great judges likeDeborahGideonSamsonJudges 21:25 Dark time – no king – only one King could really fill the need
During time of JudgesRuthLove story of redemption
About Ruth - Ruth 2:11-12God saves a non-Israelite RuthRewards her giving heartMakes her a mother in the genealogy of Israel’s king David & later Jesus
ConclusionConcludes part oneGod created the worldMen sinnedGod chose Abraham to teach the world God’s natureThrough the Exodus God announced to the world “He is God”God gave the Law through MosesUsed Joshua to conquer the promise landIsrael is in the Promise Land led by judges
TimelineFirst part covered 2,000 to 18 billion yearsFrom here out roughly 200 year segmentsGod progresses in the amount of revelationLeft off with judges ruling IsraelZoom in
United Kingdom1 Samuel first history book in this period
1 Samuel 1-7 Samuel – the last significant & arguable greatest judgeSamuel Both judge & prophetIncredible man of God
1 Samuel 8:5People said “Appoint a king to lead us, such as all the other nations have.”
1 Samuel 8:7 God responded “They have rejected Me as their king.”Israelites weren’t satisfied that God was leading themThey wanted to be like others with a king, a strong government, etcWe can look at other religious groups with the same envy at timesGod instructs Samuel to appoint Saul king – the first king of Israel
1 Samuel 9-11 Saul becomes kingSaul starts out on right trackHe becomes conceited & more concerned with what others think of him
While Saul was king, Samuel anoints David to be the next kingDavid wasn’t impressive in appearance1 Samuel 16:7 “The Lord does not look at the things man looks at. Man looks at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.”Acts 13:22 “I have found David son of Jesse a man after my own heart.”
1 Samuel 17 David kills Goliath
1 Samuel 18-31 King Saul tries to kill David
1 Samuel ends with Saul’s death2 Samuel – David’s Reign
David becomes kingDavid was the conquering kingExpands Israel’s bordersJerusalem becomesCapital Center of worship
2 Samuel 11-12 David & BathshebaGod shows graceDavid still boar consequences of his sin
1 ChroniclesCovers same period of timeFocuses on David & his descendantsPsalmsDuring this time many of Psalms were writtenPsalms is a collection of songsSongs of praise, worship, thanks, confession & prayerWritten throughout Old TestamentPsalm 90 attributed to MosesSome attributed to end of Old TestamentHalf are attributed to DavidSome to Solomon & others of David & Solomon’s lifeNot written all at once, but a collection of written songsValuable truths about GodShow us how to express ourselves to God
Some give us more insight into how David felt in certain eventsPsalm 57 David is fleeing from Saul
Psalm 51 following David’s sin with Bathsheba
Some of our songs come from Psalms – Psalm 61:2 “Lead me to the rock that is higher than I”
Many valuable ways to study PsalmsSee what they teach you about GodSee what they say about how God wants us to express ourselvesHe wants us to be open & realSometimes just reading straight through gets tediousBreak it up and read portionsSome of greatest value – use them to guide you prayerread a littleimitate in prayerwrite your own psalm to GodLargest book in Bible dedicated to teaching us to be expressive to GodThat alone is a lesson many miss
David’s reign comes to an end1 Kings 1-11 – Solomon1 Kings & 2 Chronicles start with Solomon as king
Solomon, David’s son, becomes kingSolomon asks God for wisdom & God is pleased
God gave Solomon wisdom & power expanding the kingdom
WisdomPeople traveled from all over the world to learn from Solomon1 Kings 4:32 “He spoke three thousand proverbs.”
Purpose
Prov 1-9 primarily advice of father to son, perhaps David to Solomonspeaks of the value of wisdommuch about avoiding ungodly womencan be read straight throughProverbs 10 and onward are short sayings of wisdomUnderstand them in context of whole BibleNot always absolute truth & not intended to be – general truths
Prov 10:4 “Lazy hands makes a man poor, but diligent hands bring wealth.”Is every diligent, hard-working person you know wealthy? NO Principle though is true and has applicable meaning – work hardGreat words of insight
apply that to the job
Great morsels to memorize
Song of SongsSong of romance between a man and a womanWording is very intimate as lovers praise each others physical attributesMany try to make it into an analogy for God & the churchI think God wants to show married couples how to be more intimateWant to spice up your marriage, study this together & write your own
Wife may not appreciate “your teeth are like a flock of sheep just shorn”
Wealth1 Kings 10:27 “The king made sliver as common in Jerusalem as stones.
Nation expands
Building of TempleHome of the Ark of the CovenantSeat of worship for Israel
1 Kings 11:1-3 “King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women… from nations the Lord had told the Israelites, ‘You must not intermarry’… and his wives led him astray.”Many wives lead to worship of other gods1 Kings 11:9-13 God promises to divide nation
Ecclesiastes
EcclesiastesAttributed to Solomon & hopefully near end of his lifeBook has more impact when you know his lifeSolomon sought happiness inWisdomPleasures – wealth, projects, folly, womenApplied his God given wisdom to finding happinessIn pursuits, he Discovered
Come to the conclusion
ConclusionOnce Israel settled into the Promise LandSamuel led as a prophet and judgePeople asked for a kingKing Saul whom God rejectedKing David & God used David to write many PsalmsKing Solomon & gave us the Proverbs, Ecclesiastes & Song of SongsLeave withIsrael united under SolomonBut because of His sin, God foretold of a division of Israel
Divided Kingdom
IntroductionWhere we left offSolomon has led Israel to worship other godsGod has promised to divide the nationsBack to the StoryRehoboam, Solomon’s son becomes kingIsrael asks Rehoboam to lower taxes
Israel which diminished in size after Solomon
Nations split in twoJeroboam became king of 10 tribes to the North = IsraelRehoboam remained king of Judah & Benjamin in South = Judah
JeroboamFearing people would go to Jerusalem to worship1 Kings 12:28 Made two golden calves “Here are your gods who brought you out of Egypt”Set up altars of worship in Dan & BethelSet up new festivals and priestsImitated God’s ways but worshipping other gods
Rehoboam1 Kings 14:22 “did evil in the eyes of the Lord”Exemplified how most of the next 210 years would be
Summary of Divided NationTimelineNorthern kings of Israel on topSouthern kings of Judah on bottomBooks of 1 & 2 Kings tell us their historyGo back and forth between kings of Israel & Judah2 Chronicles mirrors the story focusing on kings of JudahIsrael Establishes new place of worship & turns to other gods19 kings9 different families sat on the throne – lot of instabilityNone were righteous
Nadab 1 Kings 15:25 “he did evil in the eyes of the Lord”
JudahTurns away from God as well & worship other godsRighteous kings like Asa
JudahTurns away from God as well & worship other godsRighteous kings like Asa1 Kings 15:11 “Asa did what was right in the eyes of the Lord”Brought reform and lead Judah to serve GodSome kings started off righteous but left GodSeveral rejected GodFamily of David remained on the throne
At times, Israel & Judah were enemies & other times alliesNot going to discuss each king but highlight someSamaria becomes capital of the North
Ahab & Jehoshaphat
Ahab Marries the wicked Jezebel & Made Baal & Asherah the official gods of Israel1 Kings 16:33 “did more to provoke the Lord… than did all the kings of Israel before him”
JehoshaphatDid what was right in God’s sight2 Chronicles 17:3-4 “He did not consult the Baals but sought the god of his father and followed his commands rather than the practices of Israel.”Led an evangelistic chargeSent teachers throughout Judah & later IsraelTo teach people God’s lawsJehoshaphat however allied himself with Ahab
Period of the prophets begins 2 Kings 17:13 “the Lord warned Israel & Judah through all his prophets”Had been prophets beforeUnique succession of prophets that
2 Kings 17:13 “turn from your evil ways and keep my commandments”
Elijah & Elisha Didn’t write any books but their story captured in 1 & 2 KingsBars represent span of their ministryWork was primarily to the Northern Israel
1 Kings 18 Elijah defeating Ahab’s prophets of Baal on Mt Carmel2 Kings 2 Chariots of fire and passing of the torch to Elisha2 Kings 6 Elisha sees army of God “Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.”
Israel succession of wicked kings continuesJudah – three generations of righteous fall – Joash, Amaziah & Uzziah
Assyria is a rising nation in MesopotamiaThey begin attacking IsraelConquer other nationsBecoming a true empireAt this point in historyAssyrian borders are growing from middle green to light greenSee Israel & Judah highlightedPrimary threat to Israel
Jonah 1:1 “Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it” (2Kg 14:25)Nineveh – a key city of the Assyrian empire, Israel’s enemyGod cared for other nations too
Jonah tries to run, gets swallowed by a fish, & goes to Nineveh
People of Nineveh repent, delaying God’s wrath, & Jonah gets madJonah is an easy person to relate toGo see what lessons God has for you there
Timeline – add in JonahNorthern ProphetsWhile the line of wicked kings continues in Israel, God sends 2 more prophetsProphets spoke primarily to one nation, but also addressed the other
Amos – the shepherd2 Kings 14 speaks of God giving them success under Jeroboam IIIn Amos we see that success led to pride & complacencyAmos 6:1 “Woe to you who are complacent in Zion, and to you feel secure on Mount Samaria” – be careful about reading this – sounds like America
Amos 7:11 “Jeroboam will die by the sword, and Israel will surely go into exile”Amos pronounces judgment but like most, he speaks of restoration
HoseaHosea was sent to the North & offered his prophecy through an exampleHosea 1:2 “Take to yourself an adulterous wife and children of unfaithfulness, because the land is guilty of the vilest adultery in departing from the Lord.”Hosea marries a Gomar, a prostitute, & she has three sons from other menHosea pronounces God’s judgment against Israel
Amazing turn of eventsHosea 3:1 “Go show your love to your wife again though she is loved by another and is an adulterous. Love her as the Lord loves the Israelites”Hosea had to buy his wife back to show God’s love & graceHosea condemns but speaks to God’s desire to forgiveAmos & Hosea spoke of Israel’s pending destruction & restoration
Southern ProphetsAt same time God sends two prophets to Judah & JerusalemIsaiahProphecies during righteous & unrighteous kingsEven under righteous kings, need for people to repentCovers good and bad timesPronounces judgmentFor Judah to repentPronounces judgment on Judah & IsraelAlso gives good newsGod would destroy their enemies – Assyria, Moab, Egypt, etcTells of God’s future King Jesus & His KingdomSo many prophecies that apply to us:
Isaiah predicted many things long before they come to passKnowing Isaiah can build your faith
MicahContemporary of Isaiah in Jerusalem – shared some materialCondemns sin of Jerusalem & SamariaToo speaks of Jesus & His kingdomMicah 5:2 “Bethlehem… out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, who origins are from of old, from ancient times.”
Micah 7:18 “Who is a God like you, who pardons sin and forgives the transgression… You do not stay angry forever but delight to show mercy.”Contemporary prophets speaking to Israel & Judah
God sent the prophets to say
2 Kings 17:3-6
Assyria conquers Israel Israel ceased to existJonah goes to Nineveh & Assyria repentsProphets go to God’s people Israel but they refuse to listenAssyria conquers IsraelSurely, we can never grow comfortable in who we are but must always seek to obey our God.
ConclusionRecapAfter Solomon led Israel astrayNation was torn in twoNorthern IsraelSouthern JudahBoth nations did not remain faithful to the LordIsrael – turned to other gods and never returnedJudah – had ups and downs with righteous & unrighteous kingsSee God reach out to non-Israelites by sending Jonah to NinevehGod sent prophets to call the people backElijah, Elisha, Amos, Hosea, Isaiah, & MicahBut the people did not listenGod used the Assyrians to destroy the northern nation of IsraelJudah remains
TimelineJudah’s Final YearsSlight overlap with last time lineJudah’s timeline2 Kings & 2 Chronicles give us the history of this timeJudah’s kings are along top with righteous kings boxed inBottom events important to Judah at this timeStart with Hezekiah is king of JudahAssyrian Empire has wiped out Israel & threatening JudahWhat happened to people of North
Most Israelites deported to AssyriaArea became known as SamariaSome Israelites remained
King of Assyria moved foreign people in to resettle SamariaPeople entered God’s land but didn’t know GodReport sent to Assyria king
2 Kings 17:26 “The people you deported and resettled in the towns of Samaria do not know what the god of that country requires. He has sent lions among them, which are killing them off.”King of Assyria sent back an Israelite priest to teach about GodWorshipped God and also worshipped other gods
Samaria became a mixed people – Both in family & religionSource of animosity between Jews & Samaritan even in Jesus’ day
Hezekiah At time of Israel’s destruction by Assyrians, Couple of books mentioned last weekMicah & Isaiah prophesying in JerusalemMuch of Isaiah’s ministry was with HezekiahHezekiah was king
2 Kings 18:5 “Hezekiah trusted in the Lord, the God of Israel. There was no one like among all the kings of Judah, either before him or after him.”Assyrians threaten JerusalemAssyrians conquered Israel – fear understandableHezekiah humbly went before God
2 Kings 19:6-7 Isaiah said “Do not be afraid… He will return to his own country, and there I will have him cut down with the sword.”2 Kings 19:35 Angel killed 185,000 AssyriansKing of Assyria returned home and was assassinated
Near end of life, Hezekiah shows Judah’s wealth to ambassadors from a far off, seemingly insignificant country called Babylon
Manasseh
2 Kings 21:6 “He did much evil in the eyes of the Lord”Sacrificed his sons in firePracticed sorceryErected idols to other gods in the Temple
2 Kings 21:16 “Shed so much innocent blood that he filled Jerusalem from end to end”
2 Kings 21:12 “I am going to bring such disaster on Jerusalem and Judah that the ears of everyone who hears of it will tingle.”2 Chronicles tells that Assyrians attackedDragged Manasseh away by a hook in his noseManasseh repented & was restored to the Jerusalem’s throneManasseh tried to bring the people back to GodSubjects to Assyria – loss of independence as nation never to be regained
NahumAssyria still a world power – Nineveh a capital cityRemember Jonah sent to Nineveh & they repentedNahum spoke to Judah of Nineveh’s fall
Nahum 1:15-2:1 “Celebrate your festivals, O Judah and fulfill your vows. No more will the wicked invade you; they will be completely destroyed. An attacker advances against you, Nineveh”Must have seemed to Judah, Assyrians would always be in controlGod says otherwiseEncouraging word to God’s peopleBabylon would conquer AssyriaNahum prophesied minute details of Nineveh’s fallAncient writings confirm Nahum predicted correctly
After Manasseh, Amon continues wickednessJosiah brings about reformLast righteous king
2 Chronicles 34:2 “He did what was right in the eyes of the Lord and walked in the ways of his father David, not turning aside to the right or to the left.”Josiah restores the Temple & finds Book of the LawGreatest reforms in history of Israel
Celebrate a great Passover2 Chronicles 35:18 “None of the kings of Israel had ever celebrated such a Passover as did Josiah”Josiah’s impact even reached the righteous remaining in IsraelStill plenty of unrighteous in the land
ZephaniahAround time of Josiah’s reformsLots of sin to repent ofZeph 1:14-15 “The great day of the Lord is near – near and coming quickly… That day will be a day of wrath, a day of distress and anguish, a day of trouble and ruin, a day of darkness and gloom” Jerusalem was still doomed because of Manasseh’s sin“Day of the Lord” pointed to God’s judgment, used many times, not all pointing to one eventhere speaks of coming hard times on Jerusalem & their fallprophets often use similar language to point to different eventspeople want it to point to one thing causing misunderstandingGoal not just to condemn but to call to repent
Zeph 2:2-3 “Before the fierce anger of the Lord comes upon you… Seek the Lord… perhaps you will be sheltered on the day of the Lord’s anger.”Josiah & Zephaniah fought to turn the people back to God
Josiah goes to battle with Egypt & is killedEgypt takes control of Judah subjecting their kingsRemaining kings are wickedJudah worships other godsHabakkuk
Wickedness reigns in JerusalemPoses 2 questions to GodHab 1:2 “Why do you tolerate wrong?” speaking of Judah’s ungodliness1:6 God – I’m preparing the Babylonians to punish Judah
Hab 1:13 “Why are you silent while the wicked swallow up those more righteous than themselves?” – why Babylon over Judah2:8 God – Don’t worry, I’ll punish Babylon too
Hab 3:2 “I stand in awe of your deeds, O Lord”
JoelDifficult to date – this is one possibility, could be laterJoel 1-2 speak of armies of locust
Joel 2:13 “Return to the Lord your God, for he is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in love”Promises to relent if they repentProphets spoke of God’s love & mercy
Judah’s FallDuring final kings of JudahBabylon wins major victory over Egypt becoming world powerBabylon invades & subjects JudahBabylon attacks JerusalemDeporting some exilesKing Nebuchadnezzar begins final attack on JerusalemJeremiahDates back to before reforms of Josiah past Jerusalem’s destructionNot chronological – difficult to know what’s happeningPronounces judgment & destruction, gives some history
Called the weeping prophetHe faced tough timesLast few years, maybe only righteous one left in JerusalemPreaching doom to people didn’t want to hear itNo one seems to listen but he keeps preachingFaces intense persecutionBeaten & put in stocksArrested – kept preaching even while imprisonedThrown in cistern to dieShares his weaknessJer 1:6 I don’t know how to speak
Jer 25:11 – 70 years in exile, then Babylon punished
Babylon laid siege to Jerusalem for 3yrs2nd exiles takenLeaving only the doomed in Jerusalem with JeremiahJer 37-39 tells of the final years of Jerusalem
2 Chronicles 36:15-20 – Jerusalem destroyedIn response, Jeremiah wrote Lamentations
Speaks of the devastation of Jerusalem, the hardship during siegeFamine, women eating their childrenJerusalem burned to the groundPalace, temple, walls, every major building destroyed
Lam 3:22 “Because of the Lord’s great love we are not consumed, for his compassions never fail. They are new every morning; great is your faithfulness.” – still a ray of hope for few survivors if they repent
Judah ceases to exist
Remaining people are exiled to Babylon – only poor left behind
ObadiahTo neighboring nation of EdomEdom were descendants of Esau, brother of Jacob in GenesisBrothers of IsraelEdom & Israel were constantly at warApparently Edom celebrated Jerusalem’s destructionGod didn’t like that
ConclusionAfter Israel was conquered by AssyriansJudah continued 130 yearsRighteous kings like Hezekiah & Josiah led people to GodWickedness of Manasseh and the rest brought God’s wrathGod sent the prophetsTo rebuke & encourage – calling the people back to GodGreat examples with valuable lessons for usGod destroyed Jerusalem & Spared a remnant sending them to exile in Babylon
IntroductionGod sent Babylonians to destroy Judah & JerusalemMost survivors deported to BabylonTimelineExile & ReturnBeginning of timelineEvents we covered last week2 Kings & 2 Chronicles tell us about the end of Judah & JerusalemProphets we covered last weekNow – what happened to the exilesStart with events before Jerusalem was destroyedNebuchadnezzar is emperor of Babylonian empireBabylon attacks cities of Judah & makes subjects of BabylonDaniel - 1st book of prophecy in exile
Daniel is taken to BabylonDanielBook – mix of history & prophecyNot completely chronologicalDaniel 1-6 give historical eventsDaniel 7-12 prophecy that occurred during historical eventsDaniel was taken to Babylon 6-8 years before 1st major exilesLikely a teen or early 20sChosen to be trained to “serve in the king’s palace” (Dan 1:4)
Daniel & friends stand up for God in in the face of deathDaniel 3:17-18 “The God we serve is able to save us… but even if he does not, we want you to know, O king, that we will not serve your gods”
Daniel repeatedly showed God was in controlDaniel says of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37 “The God of heaven has given you dominion”
God even humbles Nebuchadnezzar, a pagan king exclaims, “Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and exalt and glorify the King of heaven, because everything he does is right and all his ways are just. And those who walk in pride he is able to humble.”
While Daniel serves in Nebuchadnezzar’s court,Babylon attacks Jerusalem1st group of exiles – over 3,000 taken to BabylonEzekiel was one of those taken
EzekielEzekiel speaks to the exilesDaniel is serving in in the palace of BabylonEzekiel is speaking to the exilesJeremiah is prophesying in Jerusalem
Ezekiel 1-24 predict the coming siege and destruction of JerusalemEzekiel sees several visions & uses strange visual illustrationsSees the chariot of God, Lays on side for year eating food cooked over excrementSees sin of people in JerusalemWhy did Ezekiel speak to exiles of Jerusalem’s destruction?
Ezekiel 24:24 “When this happens, you will know that I am the Sovereign Lord.”Ezekiel 25-32 Ezekiel pronounces judgment against other nations
2nd set of exiles taken & Jerusalem is destroyed
Ezekiel 33:21 survivor from Jerusalem comes to report to Ezekiel “The city has fallen!”
Ezekiel 33-48 Ezekiel’s message changes – Speaks of the coming restorationUltimately points to fulfillment in Jesus and the churchEzekiel 36:25-27 “I will cleanse you from all your impurities… I will put my Spirit in you and move you to follow my decrees”3rd group of exiles taken
Daniel gives more historyBabylonian ruler Belshazzar disrespected GodDaniel 5:23 “You did not honor the God who holds in His hand your life.”
Daniel 5:30 “That very night Belshazzar… was slain and Darius the Mede took over the kingdom.”Persia conquers Babylon under Persian Emperor Cyrus
Daniel concludes with some wild visionsUsing symbolism to tell of future eventsMany think these point to end of time, but not necessarilyDaniel 10-12Predicts coming wars between Persia, Greece, Egypt & other people around Palestine – the area that was IsraelSo accurate critics claim it was written afterward
Daniel concludes while Cyrus is Emperor of Persia & in control of Middle East
Now we come to book of Ezra
Ezra 1:2-3 “This is what Cyrus king of Persia says: ‘The Lord, the God of heaven… has appointed me to build a temple for him at Jerusalem… Anyone of his people… let him go up to Jerusalem in Judah and build the temple of the Lord”
About 200 years earlier, Isaiah says “This is what the Lord says to his anointed, to Cyrus,… though you do not acknowledge me… I will raise up Cyrus… He will rebuild my city and set my exiles free.” Isaiah 45:1, 4, 13
Zerubbabel leads 42,000 people back to Jerusalem
They begin to rebuild the Temple, laying the foundationEzra 4:1-5 Samaritans asked to join in effort to rebuild TempleEzra 4:3 “You have no part with us in building the temple to our God.”Samaritans brought such opposition
Ezra 4:24 Opposition halts the work on the TempleThus begins the hatred between the Jews & Samaritans.To prompt to finish the Temple, God sent two prophets
HaggaiHaggai 1:2-3 “These people say, ‘The time has not yet come for the Lord’s house to be built.’ Then the word of the Lord came through the prophet Haggai: ‘Is it a time for you yourselves to be living in your paneled houses, while this house remains a ruin?’”Haggai promises better times ahead if people commit to God’s work.ZechariahZechariah 1:3-4 “’Return to me,’ declares the Lord Almighty, ‘and I will return to you.’… Do not be like your forefathers… [who] would not listen.”Zechariah had some wild visionsIntended to encourage the peopleSpeaks of salvation to come through JesusZech 12:10 “I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced.”
People obeyed and began work on the Temple of the Lord.Ezra 6 complete the Temple & celebrate the PassoverPoor replacement for Solomon’s templeGod brought back the peopleBut Jerusalem & Judah would never regain the glory lostSense of longing in these books for greater days to come
At this point Ezra goes silent for about 55 years.During which time in the far off capital of Persia, we have…
Xerxes emperor of Persia reigns in Susa
Through a series of events Esther becomes Xerxes’ queenEsther is a JewXerxes doesn’t know it
Xerxes advisor Haman convinces to command all provinces toEsther 3:13 “destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews – young and old, women and little children – on a single day”
Esther’s uncle Mordecai convinces her to change Xerxes mindEsther 4:14 “And who knows but that you have come to royal position for such a time as this?”Esther risks her life and approaches the Xerxes
Xerxes kills Haman & issues a new decreeEsther 8:11“The king’s edict granted the Jews in every city the right to assemble and protect themselves; to destroy, kill, and annihilate… and to plunder… their enemies.”God used Esther to save the Jews throughout Persian Empire
2nd ReturnOver 50 years have passedEzra leads a second group of exiles back to Jerusalem (maybe 5,000)
Upon arrival they made sacrifices to GodEzra 9:1 “The people of Israel, including the priests and the Levites, have not kept themselves separate from the neighboring peoples with their detestable practices.”They had intermarried like forefathers God punished.To repent, they sent away all of the foreign women and their children.That is radical repentance.People are trying to re-establish righteous worship of God in Jerusalem.But they were cutting corners & in comes our last prophet
They were bringing sacrifices to God that were unacceptable.
Deals with ungodly leaders & marriage to foreigners
Malachi 3:10 “Bring in the whole tithe… Test me in this… and see if I will not throw open the floodgates of heaven and pour out so much blessing that you will not have room enough for it.”After so much, God still begs His people to worship Him whole-heartedly.
3rd Return (Nehemiah)About 10 years after Ezra
Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem with orders to rebuild the city
He inspects the wall and everyone in Jerusalem contributes to buildingSamaritans oppose and plot to stop the JewsNehemiah becomes aware of the plot & they arm themselves
Nehemiah 4:17 “Those who carried materials did their work with one hand and held a weapon in the other.”Despite opposition, they complete the wall in 52 days.
Upon completion they have a great spiritual revivalEzra reads from the LawCelebrate before the LordConfess sinRecommitted themselves to GodNehemiah brought about other reformsProphesy ceased &
left waiting for their Messiah.
ConclusionIn these closing days of the Old Testament, we see radical men of God.Daniel & Esther took a stand in a foreign landEzekiel went to great lengths to deliver God’s messageProphets Haggai, Zechariah, & Malachi continued to call for repentanceEzra & Nehemiah were radical leaders leading back to GodOld Testament comes to a closeIsraelites exiled to Babylon make their return to JerusalemThey rebuild the Temple & the WallThey revive worship of God in JerusalemAnd then they waited for the day of their Messiah – Jesus Christ
Incredible lessons of God in the Old TestamentGod spent thousands of years setting the stage for Jesus & our salvation.Know the whole story of the BibleGlean from God’s Word the amazing lessons we can know about Him.