CleanSky Systems for Green Operation

CleanSky - Systems for Green
Operation
Transportforum 8 jan 2009
Linköping

Challenges facing Air Transport
Challenges facing Air Transport

• Environment
• Global warming is a world-wide recognised issue
• Europe has fixed clear targets to reduce negative impact
• Global demand for oil will continue to rise leading to extremely
volatile prices
• Carbon trading allowance or tax is likely to increase
• Economy
• Air Traffic is of significant importance for the enlarged European
economy, global competitiveness, our way of living

Aeronautics is a major factor in sustainable European
economic growth

2
Transportforum – 8 jan 2009
Lars Rundqwist – Saab AB

Vision 2020 Challenges – ACARE* Goals
Vision 2020 Challenges – ACARE* Goals
Vision 2020 (January 2001)
• To meet Society’s needs
• To achieve global leadership for Europe
ACARE
October 2002 : The Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) 5 Challenges
Air Transport
Quality and
Environment Safety System Efficiency Security
Affordability
CLEAN SKY
October 2004 : The SRA 2 High level Target Concepts
Very Low Ultra Green Customer Highly time- Ultra Secure 22nd
Cost ATS ATS oriented ATS efficient ATS ATS Century

• 80% cut in NOx emissions
• Halving perceived aircraft noise
• 50% cut in CO2 emissions per pass-Km by drastic fuel consumption
reduction
• A green design, manufacturing, maintenance and disposal product
life cycle
3
*ACARE – Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe

What do we expect “Clean Sky” to deliver?
What do we expect “Clean Sky” to deliver?

Products entering service between 2015-2025
• Aircraft CO2 reduction 20 – 40 %
• Aircraft NOx reduction ~ 40 %
• Aircraft Noise reduction ~ 20 dB

This will lead to
• Social benefits
• European Aeronautics industry values
• Economic benefits to the EU
through, e.g.
• CO2 savings (less cost of fuel, and less cost of CO2 impact)
• Market opportunities, and added values, for primes and supply chain
• R&D spill-over

4

From Challenges to Solutions
From Challenges to Solutions

Power plant
Reduced fuel Loads & Flow Control
consumption (CO2 & New Aircraft Configurations
NOx reduction) Low weight
Aircraft Energy Management
Mission & Trajectory Management

Power Plant
External noise Mission & Trajectory Management
reduction Configurations
Rotorcraft Noise Reduction

"Ecolonomic"
life cycle Aircraft Life Cycle

5

From Solutions to Demonstrations
From Solutions to Demonstrations
Smart structures & New concepts & active control Innovative rotor &
low-noise configurations engine integration

Monitoring
Consistency
Synergy

Low-noise &
lightweight low-pressure systems Green design, manufacture,
High efficiency low Nox cores All electrical aircraft technologies and systems maintenance, recycling for
Thermal management Airframe & Systems
Novel configurations
Green trajectories management
6

Clean Sky: An integrated and comprehensive approach
Clean Sky: An integrated and comprehensive approach

TOTAL Budget: 1,6 B€ over 7 years
Dassault Aviation & Vehicle ITD
Fraunhofer Institute
116 M€

Eco-design Smart Fixed-Wing Green Regional Green
For Airframe and Systems Aircraft Aircraft Rotorcraft
Airbus Alenia Eurocopter
& SAAB & EADS CASA & AgustaWestland
393 M€ 174 M€ 159 M€

Sustainable and
Transverse ITD
for all vehicles

Green Engines
Rolls-Royce &
Safran Clean Sky Technology Evaluator
421 M€
31 M€
Systems for Green
Operations
Liebherr & Thales
304 M€
7
ITD: Integrated Technology Demonstrator

Clean Sky budget allocation
Clean Sky budget allocation

• Total budget 1600 M€ maximum
• EC contribution 800 M€

• ITD Leaders max 800 M€ (50% from EC)
• AgustaWestland, Airbus, Alenia, Dassault Aviation, EADS-
CASA, Eurocopter, Fraunhofer Institute, Liebherr, Rolls-Royce,
Saab, Safran, Thales
• Associates max 400 M€ (50% from EC)
• DLR, EADS-IW, Galileo-Avionica, …
• Clusters: GSAF, …
• Partners, via Calls for Proposals
267-400 M€ (50-75% from EC)

8

SGO: How can aircraft systems contribute to environmental
SGO: How can aircraft systems contribute to environmental
objectives?
objectives?

Aircraft Flight and
Navigation Systems

Aircraft Equipment
Systems

9

How can aircraft systems contribute to environmental objectives?
How can aircraft systems contribute to environmental objectives?

The Environment Choice of fuel Manufacture and disposal

Operational Environment Flight operations and maintenance

Aircraft
Fuel
Aircraft Flight and
Navigation Systems
Pollution
Aircraft Equipment Work
Systems Heat

Waste Noise
CO2 and NOx
Powerplant Work Other
Chemicals
Waste

Minimize fuel required for aircraft operation
Minimize waste
Enable engine and aircraft flexibility
10

Systems enablers for ACARE environmental goals
Systems enablers for ACARE environmental goals

Reduction in CO2 Reduction in other Reduction in
and NOx pollutants noise
System Design
Electrical Systems
Management of Energy
Aerodynamic Design
Management of Mission
and Trajectory
Smart Operations on
Ground
Manufacturing

Materials
Life Cycle Management

Systems for Green Operations ITD
Other ITDs
11

Myth: “More Electric” Aircraft is a new idea
Myth: “More Electric” Aircraft is a new idea

1941: Fokke-Wulf 190-A
• Electrically actuated and locked landing gear
• Servo-motor actuators for flaps and tailplane
• Electrically pitched propeller
• Electrically fired cannon

12

From “More Electric” to “More More More Electric”
From “More Electric” to “More More More Electric”

1952: Avro Vulcan 1964: Vickers VC-10 2007: Airbus A380

2008: Lockheed F-35
2009: Boeing 787

2010: AgustaWestland EH 101 upgrade

13

Management of Aircraft Energy

All-electric aircraft equipment system architectures
• Objectives:
• To facilitate the all-electric aircraft, which leads to new possibilities in
reducing aircraft emissions through lower fuel consumption
• Concepts:
• Maturation of the collaborative modelling process used to construct and
evaluate electrical architectures
• Maturation of technologies in electrical power generation, distribution and
usage
• Maturation of thermal technologies and overall thermal management
concepts
• Validation of the architectural concepts to manage total energy, through
flight testing and ground test

14


All-electric aircraft equipment system
architectures
• Means:
• Removal of hydraulic fluids
• Zero-emission fuel cells
• Removal of engine bleed systems
• Less total system weight
• Total energy management
• Examples:
• Electro-hydrostatic actuators
• Peak demands from one consumer can be compensated by
reducing other demands

15


All-electric aircraft equipment system
architectures
• Aircraft functions to be addressed:
• Primary power generation and distribution
• Auxiliary and emergency energy/power generation and storage
• Engine support
• Cabin and aircraft pressurisation
• Aircraft thermal management
• Flight control
• Ice and rain protection
• Take-off, landing, taxiing and braking

16

Management of Trajectory and Mission and relation
Management of Trajectory and Mission and relation
with the ATM and ATC
with the ATM and ATC
• ATM and ATC constraints and procedures impose flight profiles
significantly different from the optimal:
• Aircraft must fly through airways and waypoints
• Aircraft must fly at imposed levels, with limited manoeuvring freedom
between them
• ATC Management of arriving aircraft at airports is made through
instructions diverging from the fuel-optimum solution

• There is an opportunity to reduce fuel consumption in flying / moving
the aircraft in a more efficient way

• This requires working together on procedures / ATC operations and
aircraft capabilities

• In Europe, the SESAR and Clean Sky programmes are launched in
parallel, which creates a unique opportunity to perform the required
leap-change
17

Management of Trajectory and Mission: Objectives
Management of Trajectory and Mission: Objectives
• Trajectory & Mission Management

Definition of “optimum” trajectories for approaches and
climbs achieving the minimum environmental combined
impact for noise and fuel

Definition of new missions profiles, taking into account the
atmospheric perturbations, and definition of new on-board
systems / functions to enable the aircraft to fly them

Assessment of different solutions to validate if they are
compatible with SESAR results or guidelines, for 2013,
2020 and 2020+

Design the aircraft systems enabling to fly:
• these optimised trajectories
• the optimised missions, minimising environmental impact in
any combination of environmental constraints

18

Management of Trajectory and Mission
Management of Trajectory and Mission

• Smart Ground Operations

• Objective : design aircraft systems to optimise
use of engine power when aircraft on ground,
for Silent and fuel-efficient taxiing capabilities

• Use of the landing gear system as a motoring
system on ground, so as to allow airplane
engines during taxi, with the expected double
benefit of reducing ground noise and reducing
fuel burn

19

Management of Trajectory and Mission:
enabling technologies
enabling technologies (1/2)
(1/2)
• Flight Management:
Implementation of optimised Arrival functions:
Implementation of optimised Departures: NADP
Green Cruise: continuous climb cruise, enhanced “continuous” descent approaches inherited
from results in European collaborative research: OPTIMAL (1)

Multi criteria trajectory optimization:
• Cost index
• Emissions: considering upcoming environmental taxes
• Noise reduction
• Time arrival
Management of new Airplane aerodynamics / engines

• Surveillance & Situation awareness
Atmospheric conditions detection
Improved weather radar algorithms
Coupling of atmospheric sensors with the FMS: inherited from results in European
collaborative research: FLYSAFE(1)

(1)
European funded Project, FP6: refer to : www.optimal.isdefe.es and www.eu-flysafe.org 20

enabling technologies
enabling technologies con’t (2/2)
con’t (2/2)
• Databases: new aircraft performances, navigation procedures, protected areas,
atmospheric conditions, environmental parameters

• Functions supporting gate to gate operations:
towards pilot decision making
• Based on Quasi-artificial technologies
• Weather conditions updates and alternative flight path
• List of parameters to be optimized during the flight and exchanged with ATM
towards Airlines operations during the flight preparation phase: Optimization of flight
plan during preparation phase (depending on fuel price, weather conditions, Aircraft configuration,
….)

• Cockpit MMI to operate the new functions
• Localisation / Navigation systems

High level of maturity (TRL6),
Compatible with SESAR procedures
Environmentally friendly from Gate to Gate
21

From Solutions to Demonstrations: Technology Evaluator
From Solutions to Demonstrations: Technology Evaluator
Smart structures & New concepts & active control Innovative rotor &
low-noise configurations engine integration

Monitoring
Consistency
Synergy

Low-noise &
lightweight low-pressure systems Green design, manufacture,
High efficiency low Nox cores All electrical aircraft technologies and systems maintenance, recycling for
Thermal management Airframe & Systems
Novel configurations
Green trajectories management
22

TE : scope & methodology
TE : scope & methodology

SGO and TE respective scopes in Clean Sky
Evaluation of the environmental impacts of inserted technologies is
performed in the TE by comparing scenarios
• Operations of Current technology aircraft fleet, vs
• Operations of new fleet hypothesis, with Clean Sky Conceptual Aircraft insertion

Technologies developed in the ITD SGO will be delivered to the ITD
SFWA and integrated to the “Conceptual Aircraft”
Assessment will be performed at the Aircraft level

TE methodology
The TE analyses Air Traffic operations and enables ITDs feedback at
various levels :
Single aircraft mission A to B (Mission level) SGO WP3.1 Models & tools
Airport area (Operational level) Needs of common models
Regional / World (Global level)
23

Technologies to be demonstrated on aircraft (ground
Technologies to be demonstrated on aircraft (ground
and/or flight)
and/or flight)

• Management of Aircraft Energy
• Ice Protection
• Environmental Control System
• Skin heat exchanger
• Thermal functions
• Electrical technologies
• Multi-functional fuel cells

• Management of Trajectory and Mission
• Green functions (optimization)
• Green FMS (supporting optimization functions)
• External tractor for long taxi

24

Saab’s involvment in Clean Sky
Saab’s involvment in Clean Sky

• Management of Aircraft Energy
• Ice Protection
• Thermal Management

• Management of trajectory and mission
• Mission and trajectory optimization
• Modular and Shared Power Electronics

25

Conclusions
Conclusions

• The Systems for Green Operations ITD is based on the
following two concepts which will contribute to the goals
of Clean Sky :
• The Management of Aircraft Energy (MAE)
• The Management of Mission and Trajectory (MTM)

• The Clean Sky project will last for 7 years
• Technology will mainly be inserted in new aircraft types
• Some technology may be used for upgrading current
aircraft
• SESAR and Clean Sky will work together to define the
future ATM system and procedures

26

CleanSky Systems for Green Operation

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to CleanSky Systems for Green Operation

Similar to CleanSky Systems for Green Operation (20)

More from Transportforum (VTI)

More from Transportforum (VTI) (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

CleanSky Systems for Green Operation