Het nets up close - Webinar with ThinkSmallCell and IXIA
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Slides from joint webinar by ThinkSmallCell and IXIA outlining the progress towards HetNets using Small Cells and the solution testing scenarios and capabilities required
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Het nets up close - Webinar with ThinkSmallCell and IXIA
- 1. HetNets Up Close: Adding Small Cells to the mix Webinar 25 March 2014 David Chambers Rahul Iyer
- 2. Agenda • Market evoluAon of Small Cells • DensificaAon of mobile networks • Technical challenges • Example use cases of tesAng • Conclusion
- 3. Market Driver for HetNets • >50% CAGR for Mobile data • High density deployments (urban and enterprise) • Poor in building coverage CoordinaAng Small Cells with Macrocells, sharing same frequencies = HetNet Best of both worlds • 3GPP workshop[1] on how best to grow capacity [1] June 2012: hUp://www.3gpp.org/Future-‐Radio-‐in-‐3GPP-‐300-‐aUend
- 4. 4 The different categories of small cells Enterprise Residen,al Urban Rural Small Cells Small Cells Femtocells OR
- 5. 5 3G Licensed Spectrum 4G/LTE Licensed Spectrum Unlicensed Spectrum Planned (locaAon pre-‐determined prior to site build) Unplanned (locaAon unknown unAl operaAonal) Planned vs Unplanned Carrier Wi-‐Fi Enterprise Wi-‐Fi ResidenAal Wi-‐Fi LTE Urban Enterprise Femtocells ResidenAal Femtocells 3G Rural Small cells 3G Urban ResidenAal Femtocells Enterprise Femtocells
- 6. 6 Four ways of network densificaAon Macrocell Sector Spli=ng Physical antenna Dedicated macrocell hardware Remote Radio Heads Physical antenna Dedicated macrocell hardware 2Gbps link between macrocell & radio head Distributed Antenna System (DAS) Pipes the RF signal around a building. Typically needs dark fibre, remote antenna and macrocell. Can be shared between operators Small Cells Shrinks full basestaAon capability onto a chip. Requires IP connecAon for backhaul. OpAonally, local controller opAmises between mulAple cells
- 7. 7 Enterprise Small Cells Technology: Mostly 3G, few LTE, evolving to mulAmode 3G/LTE/Wi-‐Fi Higher RF power = range and capacity = more calls CompaAble with all 3G smartphones. Tens of operators live today, some scaling to 10K’s of sites Primary focus is on deployment speed and business model. Stronger drive for 3G voice than data Likely to be largest revenue driver in short term, because can be quickly deployed. Buys loyalty from building owner, opAon for addiAonal services. Ideal equipment is powered and backhauled via Ethernet. Enterprise
- 8. Different sizes require soluAons 10-‐49 employees 50-‐249 employees 250+ employees <9 employees 8 User Standalone Femtocell MulAple 16 User small cells 16 User Standalone Small cell Distributed Antenna System Group of small cells with local controller 10-‐49 employees 50-‐249 employees 250+ employees 50-‐249 employees 250+ employees 250+ employees 8
- 9. 9 Urban Small Cells Previously named “Metrocells” and/or “Picocells” Technology: Most focus on 4G LTE Much higher RF power = range; higher capacity = more calls/data Expected ramp-‐up of LTE or 3G/LTE during late 2014/2015 Primary focus is site acquisiAon, deployment process, backhaul Stronger drive for data capacity in dense urban areas More criAcal to those operators with limited spectrum Likely to be largest revenue driver in longer term, because of wider range of tools, skillsets, capabiliAes required. Ideal equipment is street mounted and backhauled via wired or wireless short haul link to nearby hub/macrocell. Low maintenance = low TCO criAcal. Urban
- 10. DensificaAon Strategy Make most of exisAng macrocell sites • Expand to use all available spectrum • Add LTE, refarm 2G/3G to 3G/LTE • Expand sectors and/or remote radio heads IdenAfy and resolve in-‐building issues • Deploy suitable soluAons for large/small buildings • Add microcells in high traffic/poor coverage areas (2-‐5W RF power) • Add further smaller cells to match traffic/usage demand (0.25-‐2W RF)
- 11. HetNets involve a wider ecosystem • Deployment: – Site acquisiAon, installaAon, project management, provisioning • Opera,ons: – Planning tools, SON (Self-‐Organising Networks), Performance Management, Geo-‐locaAon • Test and Valida,on: – De-‐risking prior to deployment, simulaAng network condiAons, troubleshooAng, opAmising • Services: – Business case, partnerships, outsourcing
- 12. Small Cell Forecast § Residential Femtocells—not a compelling ROI for operators § Enterprise Small Cells will grow with new business models § Big potential but slow growth due to a new business model § Carrier-‐deployed Small Cells will grow along with data demand Annual
- 13. Summary • Small Cells are mature, proven technology • Can deliver the capacity and performance when tradiAonal methods exhausted • Requires a different deployment approach – Scale: More automaAon, simpler installaAon • Wider eco-‐system becoming involved
- 14. EssenAal Steps to Successful Deployments HetNets Up-‐close 25 March 2014
- 15. 15 • Major LTE carriers have announced small cell plans • Carrier rollouts have been slow, so far • “4G LTE” key access tech. – high lab test acAvity HetNet Market Status Source: Mobile Experts -‐ hOp://www.mobile-‐experts.net/ Annual
- 16. 16 Challenges Infrastructure Small Cells Gateways (eNB, LGW, Offload) LTE – Wi-‐Fi Convergence SON LogisAcal 100s of Use cases Zoning/Permissions Backhaul BSS system and process
- 17. HetNet Topology S1 S1-‐u S5 HeNB-‐GW MME Pool SGW PGW HSS DRA PCRF PDN -‐ www S1-‐mme SGi Small cells 3g/4g/Wi-‐Fi OSS (C-‐SON) D-‐SON Wi-‐Fi-‐GW S2a
- 18. HetNet Topology S1 S1-‐u S5 HeNB-‐GW MME Pool SGW PGW HSS DRA PCRF PDN -‐ www S1-‐mme SGi Small cells 3g/4g/Wi-‐Fi LGW Private Cloud OSS (C-‐SON) D-‐SON Wi-‐Fi-‐GW S2a
- 19. 19 Infrastructure Network EvoluAon New devices (Small cells, GWs) MulA-‐layer (Macro, small cell) SON (C-‐SON, D-‐SON) Backhaul Challenges Order of magnitude, topology changes Mobility, Interference Great power, Great Responsibility Planning and OpAmizaAon
- 20. 20 Valida,ng Small Cells • Evaluate funcAonality – Scheduler, Handover, Bearer, Paging, etc. • Test under real network configuraAon – Interop, load, subscriber models • LTE-‐Wi-‐Fi convergence – Load balancing, Wi-‐Fi handover S1 S1-‐u S5 HeNB-‐GW MME Pool SGW HSS DRA PCRF PDN -‐ www S1-‐mme SGi Small cells 3g/4g/Wi-‐Fi PGW Wi-‐Fi GW S2a
- 21. 21 Valida,ng Small Cells SON-‐eICIC • Surround eNodeB on Uu and X2 • Simulate interference – Neighbor cell interference over X2 – UL interference over Uu • Measure eNodeB compensaAon factor UE SIM Uu X2 DUT (source cell) Ixia (target cell) 1. Simulate interference Configure • UL Interference • RNTP • ABS 1. Validate impact on UEs 2. X2 Load Indica,on 2. Simulate UL Interference 2. Evaluate Load Indica,on
- 22. 22 Valida,ng Small Cells SON-‐MLB • AutomaAc load balancing based on “triggers” – Cell configuraAon updated in real Ame • Validate and measure funcAonality – Success rate, opAmizaAon latency • Test under unique real world condiAons – Loaded neighbor cell, Several target cells UE SIM Uu X2 DUT (source cell) Ixia (target cell) Adjust Cell Reselec,on Param. Renego,ate Handover threshold Load based HO Request HO Success
- 23. 23 eNodeB GW Tes,ng • Evaluate eNodeB-‐GW funcAonality – Paging OpAmizaAon, NNSF, LIPA, SIPTO etc. • Model and Validate different deployment scenarios – eNB-‐GW as MME Proxy, eNB-‐GW as MME and SGW Proxy etc. • Evaluate eNodeB-‐GW performance – Under high load (10000s eNodeB 1000000s Subs) – IPSec S1 S1-‐u S5 HeNB-‐GW MME Pool SGW HSS DRA PCRF PDN -‐ www S1-‐mme SGi Small cells 3g/4g/Wi-‐Fi PGW Wi-‐Fi GW S2a
- 24. 24 Wi-‐Fi Offload GW Tes,ng Gi Ww Wi-Fi AP UE PCRF IP Services IXIA SUT IXIA Emulated Interface Internal Interface Traffic Path Wi-Fi-GW Network Emula,on Wi-‐Fi Access • Validate Wi-‐Fi GW FuncAonality – AuthenAcaAon, Interop etc. • Load, stress GW and measure QoE – PMIPv6, GRE, GTPv1 AAA PGW GGSN 4G 3G S2a
- 25. 25 Backhaul Tes,ng • Model backhaul through impairment – Simulate DSL, Microwave, Fibre, NLOS etc. • OpAmize price/performance – QoE • Determine exact backhaul configuraAon S1 S1-‐u S5 HeNB-‐GW MME Pool SGW PGW HSS DRA PCRF PDN -‐ www S1-‐mme SGi Small cells 3g/4g/Wi-‐Fi Wi-‐Fi Controller S2a Impaired Link
- 26. 26 Summary • HetNets are crucial to meeAng the growing demand for wireless data services • HetNets require new technologies to handle vastly larger numbers of cells • ValidaAng new techniques and technologies is going to be challenging • Lab and field tesAng with purpose-‐ built equipment will be an essenAal ingredient for success • Book: hetnet.ixiacom.com • For more informaAon: ixiacom.com/soluAons/hetnet-‐test
- 27. Thank you Q&A