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SOCIAL
NETWORKING
Prepared by –
Stewart,Ankit,Bhavesh,Sonali and Kurmurthi
INTRODUCTION
   A social networking service is an online service, platform, or
    site that focuses on building and reflecting of social network or
    social relation among people, who, for example, share interests
    and/or activities.
   A social network service essentially consists of a representation
    of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of
    additional services.
   Most social network services are web based and provide means
    for users to interact over the internet, such as e-mail and instant
    messaging.
    Online community services are sometimes considered as a
    social network service, though in a broader sense, social network
    service usually means an individual-centered service
    whereas Online community services are group-centered.
   Social networking sites allow users to share ideas, activities,
    events, and interests within their individual networks.
DIFFERENT SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES:
 Facebook
 Orkut

 Twitter

 Google plus

 Linked in,etc…
HISTORY
   The potential for computer networking to facilitate new forms of computer-
    mediated social interaction was suggested early on.
   Many prototypical features of social networking sites were also present in
    online services such as America Online, Prodigy, and CompuServe.
   Early social networking on the World Wide Web began in the form of
    generalized online communities such
    as Theglobe.com (1995),Geocities (1994) and Tripod.com (1995).
    Many of these early communities focused on bringing people together to
    interact with each other through chat rooms, and encouraged users to share
    personal information and ideas via personal WebPages by providing easy-to-
    use publishing tools and free or inexpensive web space.
   Some communities - such as Classmates.com- took a different approach by
    simply having people link to each other via email addresses.
   In the late 1990s, user profiles became a central feature of social networking
    sites, allowing users to compile lists of "friends" and search for other users
    with similar interests.
   New social networking methods were developed by the end of the 1990s,
    and many sites began to develop more advanced features for users to find
    and manage friends.
    This newer generation of social networking sites began to
    flourish with the emergence of SixDegrees.com in
    1997, followed by Makeoutclub in 2000, Friendster in
    2002, and soon became part of the Internet mainstream.
    Friendster was followed by MySpace and LinkedIn a year
    later, and finally, Bebo.
   Attesting to the rapid increase in social networking sites'
    popularity, by 2005, MySpace was reportedly getting more
    page views than Google.
    Facebook, launched in 2004, has since become the largest
    social networking site in the world.
   Today, it is estimated that there are now over 200 active sites
    using a wide variety of social networking models.
   May 2011: Based on TNS research, the global average of who
    access daily the social networking sites accounts is 46
    percent.
BASICS

    Social networking sites share some conventional features.
    Most often, individual users are encouraged to create profiles
     containing various information about themselves.
    Users can often upload pictures of themselves to their profiles,
     post blog entries for others to read, search for other users with
     similar interests, and compile and share lists of contacts. In
     addition, user profiles often have a section dedicated to
     comments from friends and other users.
     To protect user privacy, social networks usually have controls
     that allow users to choose who can view their profile, contact
     them, add them to their list of contacts, and so on.
    In recent years, it has also become common for a wide variety
     of organizations to create profiles to advertise products and
     services.
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SCIENCE

   One other use that is being discussed is the use of
    social networks in the science communities.
   Julia Porter Liebeskind have published a study on how
    new biotechnology firms are using social networking
    sites to share exchanges in scientific knowledge.
    They state in their study that by sharing information and
    knowledge with one another, they are able to "increase
    both their learning and their flexibility in ways that would
    not be possible within a self-contained hierarchical
    organization.
   " Social networking is allowing scientific groups to
    expand their knowledge base and share ideas, and
    without these new means of communicating their
    theories might become "isolated and irrelevant".
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND EDUCATION
   Social networks are also being used by teachers and students as a
    communication tool.
   Because many students are already using a wide-range of social
    networking sites, teachers have begun to familiarize themselves with
    this trend and are now using it to their advantage.
    Teachers and professors are doing everything from creating chat-
    room forums and groups to extend classroom discussion to posting
    assignments, tests and quizzes, to assisting with homework outside
    of the classroom setting.
   Social networks are also being used to foster teacher-parent
    communication.
   These sites make it possible and more convenient for parents to ask
    questions and voice concerns without having to meet face-to-face.
   The advent of social networking platforms may also be impacting the
    way(s) in which learners engage with technology in general.
SOCIAL NETWORKS AND EMPLOYMENT

 A final rise in social network use is being driven by
  college students using the services to network with
  professionals for internship and job opportunities.
 Many studies have been done on the effectiveness
  of networking online in a college setting, and one
  notable one is by Phipps Arabie and Yoram Wind
  published in Advances in Social Network Analysis.
NOTIFICATIONS ON WEBSITES

   There has been a trend for social networking sites to
    send out only 'positive' notifications to users.
   For example sites such as Bebo, Facebook, and
    Myspace will not send notifications to users when they
    are removed from a person's friends list.
   Similarly Bebo will send out a notification if a user is
    moved to the top of another user's friends list but no
    notification is sent if they are moved down the list.
   This allows users to purge undesirables from their list
    extremely easily and often without confrontation since a
    user will rarely notice if one person disappears from
    their friends list.
    It also enforces the general positive atmosphere of the
    website without drawing attention to unpleasant
    happenings such as friends falling out, rejection and
    failed relationships.
ACCESS TO INFORMATION

   Many social networking services, such as Facebook, provide the user with a
    choice of who can view their profile.
   This prevents unauthorized user(s) from accessing their information.
   Parents who want to access their child's MySpace or Facebook account
    have become a big problem for teenagers who do not want their profile seen
    by their parents.
   By making their profile private, teens can select who may see their page,
    allowing only people added as "friends" to view their profile and preventing
    unwanted viewing of the profile by parents.
   Most teens are constantly trying to create a structural barrier between their
    private life and their parents.
   To edit information on a certain social networking service account, the social
    networking sites require you to login or provide a password.
   This prevents unauthorized user(s) from adding, changing, or
    removing personal information, pictures, and/or other data.
B e

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B e

  • 2. INTRODUCTION  A social networking service is an online service, platform, or site that focuses on building and reflecting of social network or social relation among people, who, for example, share interests and/or activities.  A social network service essentially consists of a representation of each user (often a profile), his/her social links, and a variety of additional services.  Most social network services are web based and provide means for users to interact over the internet, such as e-mail and instant messaging.  Online community services are sometimes considered as a social network service, though in a broader sense, social network service usually means an individual-centered service whereas Online community services are group-centered.  Social networking sites allow users to share ideas, activities, events, and interests within their individual networks.
  • 3. DIFFERENT SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES:  Facebook  Orkut  Twitter  Google plus  Linked in,etc…
  • 4. HISTORY  The potential for computer networking to facilitate new forms of computer- mediated social interaction was suggested early on.  Many prototypical features of social networking sites were also present in online services such as America Online, Prodigy, and CompuServe.  Early social networking on the World Wide Web began in the form of generalized online communities such as Theglobe.com (1995),Geocities (1994) and Tripod.com (1995).  Many of these early communities focused on bringing people together to interact with each other through chat rooms, and encouraged users to share personal information and ideas via personal WebPages by providing easy-to- use publishing tools and free or inexpensive web space.  Some communities - such as Classmates.com- took a different approach by simply having people link to each other via email addresses.  In the late 1990s, user profiles became a central feature of social networking sites, allowing users to compile lists of "friends" and search for other users with similar interests.  New social networking methods were developed by the end of the 1990s, and many sites began to develop more advanced features for users to find and manage friends.
  • 5. This newer generation of social networking sites began to flourish with the emergence of SixDegrees.com in 1997, followed by Makeoutclub in 2000, Friendster in 2002, and soon became part of the Internet mainstream. Friendster was followed by MySpace and LinkedIn a year later, and finally, Bebo.  Attesting to the rapid increase in social networking sites' popularity, by 2005, MySpace was reportedly getting more page views than Google.  Facebook, launched in 2004, has since become the largest social networking site in the world.  Today, it is estimated that there are now over 200 active sites using a wide variety of social networking models.  May 2011: Based on TNS research, the global average of who access daily the social networking sites accounts is 46 percent.
  • 6. BASICS  Social networking sites share some conventional features.  Most often, individual users are encouraged to create profiles containing various information about themselves.  Users can often upload pictures of themselves to their profiles, post blog entries for others to read, search for other users with similar interests, and compile and share lists of contacts. In addition, user profiles often have a section dedicated to comments from friends and other users.  To protect user privacy, social networks usually have controls that allow users to choose who can view their profile, contact them, add them to their list of contacts, and so on.  In recent years, it has also become common for a wide variety of organizations to create profiles to advertise products and services.
  • 7. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SCIENCE  One other use that is being discussed is the use of social networks in the science communities.  Julia Porter Liebeskind have published a study on how new biotechnology firms are using social networking sites to share exchanges in scientific knowledge.  They state in their study that by sharing information and knowledge with one another, they are able to "increase both their learning and their flexibility in ways that would not be possible within a self-contained hierarchical organization.  " Social networking is allowing scientific groups to expand their knowledge base and share ideas, and without these new means of communicating their theories might become "isolated and irrelevant".
  • 8. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND EDUCATION  Social networks are also being used by teachers and students as a communication tool.  Because many students are already using a wide-range of social networking sites, teachers have begun to familiarize themselves with this trend and are now using it to their advantage.  Teachers and professors are doing everything from creating chat- room forums and groups to extend classroom discussion to posting assignments, tests and quizzes, to assisting with homework outside of the classroom setting.  Social networks are also being used to foster teacher-parent communication.  These sites make it possible and more convenient for parents to ask questions and voice concerns without having to meet face-to-face.  The advent of social networking platforms may also be impacting the way(s) in which learners engage with technology in general.
  • 9. SOCIAL NETWORKS AND EMPLOYMENT  A final rise in social network use is being driven by college students using the services to network with professionals for internship and job opportunities.  Many studies have been done on the effectiveness of networking online in a college setting, and one notable one is by Phipps Arabie and Yoram Wind published in Advances in Social Network Analysis.
  • 10. NOTIFICATIONS ON WEBSITES  There has been a trend for social networking sites to send out only 'positive' notifications to users.  For example sites such as Bebo, Facebook, and Myspace will not send notifications to users when they are removed from a person's friends list.  Similarly Bebo will send out a notification if a user is moved to the top of another user's friends list but no notification is sent if they are moved down the list.  This allows users to purge undesirables from their list extremely easily and often without confrontation since a user will rarely notice if one person disappears from their friends list.  It also enforces the general positive atmosphere of the website without drawing attention to unpleasant happenings such as friends falling out, rejection and failed relationships.
  • 11. ACCESS TO INFORMATION  Many social networking services, such as Facebook, provide the user with a choice of who can view their profile.  This prevents unauthorized user(s) from accessing their information.  Parents who want to access their child's MySpace or Facebook account have become a big problem for teenagers who do not want their profile seen by their parents.  By making their profile private, teens can select who may see their page, allowing only people added as "friends" to view their profile and preventing unwanted viewing of the profile by parents.  Most teens are constantly trying to create a structural barrier between their private life and their parents.  To edit information on a certain social networking service account, the social networking sites require you to login or provide a password.  This prevents unauthorized user(s) from adding, changing, or removing personal information, pictures, and/or other data.