This document discusses the rise of Naxalism (Maoist insurgency) in India, major attacks carried out, and the government's response. It traces the origin of Naxalism to the Naxalbari village movement in 1967 that advocated for land redistribution. Several significant attacks are described from 2002-2013. The reasons for the rise of Naxalism are discussed as failures of land reform and government development in tribal areas. The document examines debates around operations against Naxalites and questions whether more education and development are needed solutions.

2.  RedTerror – An Overview
 Birth of RedTerror in India
 Major RedTerror Attacks in India
 Reason Behind RedTerror
 Control Measure by Indian Government
 Is Rise of Insurgency Inevitable?
 Conclusion

3.  The word which caught the attention of many has its root from Naxalism or
Maoism which refer to various militant communist groups operating in different
parts of India ( Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Andhra
Pradesh). They have been declared as a terrorist organization under the Unlawful
Activities Prevention Act 1967.
 The term Naxal derives from the name of the village Naxalbhari in West Bengal,
where the movement had its origin. It is estimated that 20,000 armed cadre
Naxalites are operating and their growing influence prompted Indian Prime
Minister to declare them to be most Serious Internal Threat to national security.

4.  CPM led by Kanu Sanyal,and Jangal Santhal initiated a violent uprising in 1967.
The week following 18 May 1967 a sharecropper near Naxalbhari village was
attacked by the landlord's men over a land dispute. On 24 May, when a police
team arrived to arrest the peasant leaders, a police inspector was killed.
 This event encouraged many tribals and other poor people to join the
movement and to start attacking local landlords. Mao Zedong provided
ideological leadership for Naxalbhari movement, advocating that Indian
peasants and lower class tribals overthrow the government and upper classes
by force for adopting armed struggle to redistribute land to the landless.

5.  The Bengal Violence 1970 – Birth of Naxalism in India – Under Leadership of
Majumdhar Naxalites took over Jadavpur University and used the machine shop
facilities to make pipe guns to attack the police. Their head quarter was
Presidency College, Kolkata.
 The Naxalites found supporters among some of the educated & the urban elite,
and many contemporary Indian leaders and thinkers, which became a hotbed of
Naxalites activities. The West Bengal police fought back to stop the Naxalites.
With Arrest and death of Majumdhar in Alipore Jail, movement was fragmented.

6.  2002 : An estimated 140 people were killed in fighting between the People War Group
(PWG) and government forces throughout the year.
 2003 : An October assassination attempt on Chief Minister N. Chandrababu
Naidu and as many as 500 people were killed in the subsequent conflict.
 2004 – 2009 : A Total of 3743[1] were killed, half of it are innocents and number of
security personals killed increased every year. Gadcharoli Massacre (17 Killed).
 2010 - 2013 : Dramatic rise of Insurgency in India:
 April 6 – 2010 : Dantewada Massacre - Killed 74 CRPF and 2 Police Forces.
 May 28 – 2010 : Derailment of Kolkata – Mumbai Express 150 Dead.
 June 29 -2010 : 26 Policemen Killed – Subsequently Police Inspector Francis Beheaded.
 June – July 2012 : 53 Security Forces and 4 INC Leaders killed
 May 25 – 2013 : Darbha Valley Massacre - 24 INC leaders Killed, Including Former CM.

7.  Reason in Early 1960‟s: Landlords frequently moved the court to delay
implementation of land reforms, connived with local politicians and bureaucrats,
making land reform process slow and cumbersome. Land reforms failed in the end.
 Reason in 1990‟s: The social structure of society could be cited as resurgence of
Naxalites. Presence of poor section of society, with no resources to meet their
quality requirements. Poverty, Corruption and Lack of Education and failure of
government to reach out to these areas.
 Reason after Operation Green Hunt: Kishenji on Operation Green Hunt:
“We have not started it and we will not stop it first. Let us see whether the central
government is honest about a solution and we will definitely co-operate. This is the
answer to Chidambaram's 'Operation Green Hunt' and unless the Centre stop this
inhuman military operation, we are going to answer the Centre this way only.”

8.  Operation Green Hunt – Big question on its Success.
 Kishenji Encounter – 24 November 2011 – 30 Minute
Gun Fight. Rise of insurgency never stopped.
 Roshini: Reaching out to youths in Naxal-hit areas.
 Centre launched a placement linked skill development
scheme targeting 50,000 rural men and women,
mostly tribals, in 24 worst affected districts.
 At least 50 per cent of the candidates covered under
the scheme will be women and particularly vulnerable
tribal groups (PVTGs) on a priority basis.

9.  Is it wrong to call the Maoist as Red Terror Groups?
 Is the government responsible for the rise of insurgency?
 Is Status of the Society a big cause for the Red Terror?
 Development – Is it a far way ahead in Naxal-Affected Areas?
 Can the Tribals be held responsible for Red Terror Promotion?

10.  Is the process of blaming healthy for a Democratic Country?
 Is there a need to strategize an education-based solution?
 Should Bureaucrats be held responsible for growth of this red terror?
 Does it paves way for foreign forces to Destabilize our nation?
 Are we not responsible to create awareness amongst all Indians?

11.  Naxalites have caused blood bath to happen in the mainland of our country
India. Still their claim of an corrupt-free society by bridging the gap between the
rich and the poor is always acceptable.
 Only reason that could be found wrong with the Naxalites is their attack on the
innocents and Security Force. But their claim of Revenge against Operation
Green Hunt is also seem to be having a great social concern.
 The main responsibility lies in all Indians to develop the under devolved region
eliminating poverty and providing basic education wherein the responsibility of
Government seems to be higher. Finally it reminds me of a saying.........................

13. 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite - Page on Naxalism – To Collect data on
the Number of Deaths due to Naxalism every Year.
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist) –Page on
Maoism in India – To Collect the Birth of Naxalism in India.
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite_Maoist_insurgency - Wikipedia Page on
Insurgency in Central India – To gather the Kishenji Statement on Operation
Green Hunt. Article on Times Now – To Collect Details about „Roshini‟
Initiative.