2. Inhabitants 48,768 Land area 655 km2
Water area 1 484 km2
Number of jobs 24,900
Primary production 2%
Industry 28%
Construction 8%
Trade 11%
Other services 51 % Kuva:
3. OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS
• To create a residential district that functions as a national
and international pilot area for energy-efficient planning
• To create guidelines for energy-efficient town planning
• To create a ”Living Lab” area for continuous pursuit of
better energy efficiency
• To develop business activities for the municipal energy
company that respond to the needs of future low-energy
construction
• To promote energy-efficient construction
• To minimize greenhouse gas emission and to curb
climate change
4. THE SKAFTKÄRR PROJECT
• Duration 2008-2012
• Co-funders
– City of Porvoo
– Sitra
– Porvoon Energia Oy
• Other partners:
– Posintra Oy (project coordinator)
– Ministry of the Environment (in steering group)
– Uusimaa Centre for Economic Development,
Transport and the Environment (in steering group)
• Construction of Skaftkärr area 2011-2020
5. An energy-efficient residential area:
Skaftkärr in the City of Porvoo, Finland
Energy
Development of LivingLab:
business Development
Development of models for of counselling,
spatial planning energy cooperation
processes companies and feedback
6. DEVELOPING THE PROCESS
OF SPATIAL PLANNING
• Ways to steer and plan the energy efficiency are developed for all
phases of the spatial planning process
• New solutions and ways of working are created that can be
applied elsewhere
• The development work is directly connected to practial planning
• The outline plan for Skaftkärr was ready in 2010, and detailed
plans are presently drawn
Questions that we posed when starting the project:
– Can town planning address the energy efficiency of areas?
– What ways are there to reduce carbon footprints?
– Do we need to change planning practices and develop our
planning process?
7. COMPARISON LEVEL: OLD OUTLINE PLAN FROM 2007
COMPARISON LEVEL 0+:
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CARBON
BALANCE
Break-down of primary energy use Break-down of CO2 emissions
in Skaftkärr alternative 0+ in Skaftkärr alternative 0+
Public
Municipal
transport
Public transport Municipal engineering engineering
Private car, other use Private car, Heating
Heating other use
Private car, Tap water
commuting heating
Property
Tap water heating
electricity
Private car, 6%
Household electricity Property electricity commuting
Household electricity
Comparison level 0+ ‘Business As Usual’
8. SENSITIVITY ANALYSES. COMPARISON LEVEL: 0+
Changes to comparison level 0+
Primary CO2
energy Emissions
Low-energy level heating - 12 % -8%
Passive level heating - 19 % - 14 %
Passive house, electrical heating -6% -4%
Solar heating -6% -4%
Passive houses and solar heating - 26 % - 18 %
District heating - 33 % - 22 %
Low-energy and district heating - 35 % - 24 %
Area with geothermal heating - 18 % - 13 %
All workplaces in Porvoo - 11 % - 19 %
Facilities for teleworking -3 % -4%
Half of commuting with electrical cars -7 % - 19 %
Average Finnish district heating area - 16 % + 27 %
In the sensitivity analyses, the relation between passive and low-energy houses
was also calculated with regards to energy consumption, emissions and costs.
10. CARBON BALANCE
16
Tons of CO2 per year
11
6
Municipal engineering
Kunnallistekniikka
Public transport
Julkinen liikenne
Henkilöauto,car,
Private muu other use
1 Henkilöauto,car, commuting
Private työ
Käyttäjäsähkö electricity
Household
0+ M1 M2 M3 M4
Property electricity
Kiinteistösähkö
-4 Tap water heating
Käyttövesi
Heating
Lämmitys
YHTEENSÄ
TOTAL
-9
11. COSTS OF ENERGY SOLUTION
Energy solution in total
Energiaratkaisu yhteensä
Cost € / inhabitant over 30 years
7 000
Kustannus €/asukas
30 vuodessa
6 000
5 000
Power
Sähkö
4 000
3 000
Heating
Lämmitysjärjestelmä
2 000 system
1 000
0 TOTAL
YHTEENSÄ
-1 000
-2 000
The chart shows the cost
-3 000 of the energy alternative
M1 M2 M3 M4
as compared to model 0+
12. Cost of reducing CO2 emissions in models 1 to 4 COSTS OF ENERGY
as compared to model 0+
SOLUTIONS
Heating Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
CO2 reduction 3 505 3 026 4 065 7 105 CO2 tons / year
Cost of reducing
CO2 emissions
CO2 cost -207 -193 128 -45 € / CO2 tons
Power
CO2 reduction 0 0 3 116 3 116 CO2 tons /year
CO2 cost - - 443 49 € / CO2 tons
Total -207 -193 571 4 € / CO2 tons
Porvoon Energy investments* The chart shows the cost
of the energy alternative
€ Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
as compared to model 0+
District heating network 5 400 000 2 700 000 0 5 400 000 €
Solar collectors** 0 0 0 7 100 000 €
Total 5 400 000 2 700 000 0 12 500 000 €
* The costs are transferred to all consumers in the price of district heating
** The investment in solar collectors (incl. 40 % investment support) is expected to pay itself back in the
form of decreased fuel costs
13. COSTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE
0+ 38 Million €
M1 18 Million €
M2 15 Million €
M3 38 Million €
M4 20 Million €
The Infra.net application was used for calculation. Model 0+ is the comparison level.
Model 3 is equivalent in land use and therefore the infrastructure costs are the same.
The other models are more economical, because land use is denser and there are
fewer municipal engineerings systems and fewer park areas. The soil conditions, too,
were taken into account in the calculations.
14. Analyses performed for the Skaftkärr A new energy-efficient residential
outline plan: area for 6,000 people will be built
in Porvoo’s Skaftkärr. The entire
• Spatial structure and costs
area will be designed and built
• District-level energy consumption and solutions for energy efficiency in buildings,
• District-level energy production and solutions services, living environment and
• Traffic and environmental impacts traffic arrangements.
• Services and social environment
• Way of building and new forms of energy
• New ways of working
Energy impact assessment:
• Energy impacts on whole Skaftkärr area
• Energy impacts on example area and on the level of
residential quarter
• Impacts on municipal costs
• Impacts on residents’ costs
• Impacts on development of business models for energy
company
• Impacts on greenhouse gas emissions, curbing climate
change, impacts on climate
15. OUTLINE PLAN FOR SKAFTKÄRR READY IN 2010
• Guideline for the detailed plans for the area
• Central factors with regard to energy efficiency:
• Lower traffic-related energy consumption and
emissions
• Energy solutions (energy production modes)
• Energy efficiency of buildings
Bicycle & pedestrian Public transport
16. The energy-conscious town
plan reduces the consumption
of primary energy by 38 %
and CO2 emissions by 30 %
when compared to traditional
planning principles
17. Examples of promoting bicycling
High-speed bicycle lanes
The City of Porvoo have explored the
feasibility of high-speed bicycle lanes.
Fewer obstacles for pedestrians and
cyclists give better energy efficiency.
The purpose is to build a high-quality rapid bicycle
connection between Skaftkärr, the city centre and
vicinity services. One alternative is to cover bicycle
lanes with solar panels. Rapid bicycle lanes are
presently being planned for the entire city centre.
Snabbcykelväg
18. DISTRICT HEATING IS THE BEST PRODUCTION MODE FOR
SKAFTKÄRR WITH REGARD TO ENVIRONMENT AND COSTS
Natural gas 30 %
Biofuels 68 %
Oil 2 %
Fuels for
district heating,
Porvoon Energia Oy 2011
For local production of heat and power,
Combined heat/power production saves fuel
wood-based fuel from vicinity forests is a
Thanks to the large portion of biofuels very good solution regarding total costs
and the combined production of heating and the environment. 92 % is combined
production, and 70 % uses biomass (chip
and power, no other solution can even in
wood).
theory achieve lower CO2 emissions that
district heating. Aim: to increase renewable
In Porvoo, district heating also pays off in energy to 90 % by 2015
low-energy and passive-energy buildings.
19. The outline plan for Skaftkärr steers
the detailed planning
Toukovuori area:
- start autumn 2010
- ready autumn 2011
Energy impact
assessment
20. CARBON FOOTPRINT COMPARISON OF
BUILDINGS TYPES AND STRUCTURES
The objective is to analyse the climate change impact of the
production of building materials and compare it to the environ-
mental impacts of energy consumed when the building is in use.
Compared house types:
21. Comparison of carbon footprint of buildings:
in Porvoo it makes sense to favour structures with wood.
Multi-storey residential buildings: Main sources of carbon
footprint during construction and use
30-year perspective of carbon footprint in multi-storey residential houses
built according to new 2012 norms and useing district heating
Multi-storey residential buildings: (Concrete frame / Wooden frame / Concrete frame, passive)
carbon footprint caused by construction and 30 years
of use
22. TOWN PLANNING DOES IMPACT
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Town planning can significantly
address the energy efficiency
The key factors are:
– Lower energy consumption and emissions
caused by traffic
– Energy solutions (energy production modes)
– Buildings (energy efficiency and materials)
23. Developing the spatial planning process
Looking at the emissions,
municipal decision-makers
INFRASTRUCTURE are aware of the impacts their
planning choices have on the
climate.
Analyses of emissions and of
ways of energy supply need
to be integrated in the
BUILDINGS TRAFFIC ENERGY environmental impact analysis
of spatial planning processes.
SUPPLY
An action model and
EMISSIONS FROM THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT guidelines for emission
monitoring is developed in the
Infrastructure has direct and indirect impact Skaftkärr project.
on emissions
24. GOOD NEWS
Energy efficiency has a pricetag
Carbon footprints cost, too
Smaller footprints can reduce
residential costs
Spatial planning has its pricetag,
too, but it can reduce the costs
of implementation
25. PORVOO INVESTS IN CLEAN
ENERGY SOLUTIONS
• The City Council of Porvoo has granted Oy Porvoon
Energia – Borgå Energi Ab a guarantee for a loan of
42.5 Million € to build a biopower plant in Tolkkinen.
• With the project, biofuels will stand for 90 % of all
district heating produced in Porvoo in 2015.
• The City of Porvoo owns the municipal energy
company Oy Porvoon Energia – Borgå Energi Ab.
26. SOLAR DISTRICT HEATING
– When implemented, it would be a project of
significant magnitude on a European scale
– With this solution, the production of heating
for Skaftkärr would become carbon neutral
on an annual basis
– The existing district heating network would
be extended to give residents in other parts
of Porvoo access to solar district heating
– Presently under exploration
27. New business activities
• How to decrease significantly the consumption of heating
– the energy companies will need new business activities
– the production and distribution of energy will need to be
re-adapted
• How to make district heating feasible in an area with low
and passive energy buildings – i.e. solutions that support
energy-efficient construction are explored
• How to implement the energy solutions in the most
sustainable way from an environmental viewpoint
• Today’s production structure relies on renewable energy
to more than 70 %
– Aim: to increase renewable energy to 90 % by 2015
28. New business activities
• Aim at wider range of services together with partners
o A concept is under study where the energy company would offer
”energy packages” for buildings: (small-scale windmill, solar
panels, connection and assembly, connection to power network,
power storage, option to steer surplus production)
o New power products (24 hour rate)
• Intelligent user interface
o An intelligent user interface could be built using an intelligent
power network and innovative home automation
o Example: network allowing energy transfer both ways
o Tools enabling residents to monitor and regulate their energy use
o Steering of heating and air conditioning e.g by a price signal
consumption peaks are cut
• These new products, too, serve energy efficiency!
29. ENERGY LIVING LAB
• The Energy Living Lab involves residents and
local enterprises in the development process
• Aims at continuously better energy efficiency
– Awareness of the use of energy reduces
consumption
– Energy follow-up allows for targeted energy
counselling
30. • Real-time monitoring
of energy consumption:
– Piloting has already begun
– Energy savings are sought by making
invisible power consumption visible
– Houses are equipped with meters allowing real-
time on-line visualisation of the power consumed
• Experimental house
– Construction of the energy-efficient experimental
house in Skaftkärr will begin in 2011
– The house will function as a platform that allows
local enterprises to test new technology
• Energy counselling and training:
– Cooperation with educational institutes (Arcada, Edupoli, Inveon)
– Energy counselling desk at the Kevätkumpu branch library
– Open lectures at the Civic Institute of Porvoo
31. The planning and innovation of the Skaftkärr area is done
in broad cooperation between local and other authorities,
energy producers and developers, construction clients,
equipment manufacturers and other enterprises, and
the future inhabitants.
Reference group meetings. Future residents are
involved to participate in the planning process.
32. Porvoo to become a city
of carbon-free housing
• Today, the City of Porvoo is about to take a giant leap to become the
number one place of residence in Finland in terms of energy efficiency.
• Energy efficiency is one of the key priorities in the new city strategy.
• The Skaftkärr project has given the City of Porvoo an opportunity to
become a city of carbon-free living.
• Inspired by the Skaftkärr project, the City of Porvoo has launched a
versatile action plan that will systematically take Porvoo towards
carbon-free housing. Such a substantial and genuine investment in
energy efficiency is unique in the Finnish context.
33. Thank you
for your attention!
www.skaftkarr.fi
www.porvoo.fi
www.sitra.fi
www.porvoonenergia.fi
www.posintra.fi
