This document provides a conceptual planning proposal for the eastern fringe area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It begins with an introduction to the area and objectives of planning a sustainable city for the projected 2020 population of 2.6 million people while conserving retention pond areas. It then outlines the planning process, which includes population projections, land use planning, and design of road networks, neighborhoods, and facilities. The proposal includes four residential zones of varying densities, as well as plans for commercial, agricultural, and recreational land uses. Key aspects of the conceptual plan are preservation of water bodies, emphasis on public transit and walkability, and provision of amenities within walkable distances.
Sustainable City Design: Developing Conceptual Planning Proposal for Eastern Fringe of Dhaka City
1. Conceptual Planning Proposal
for Eastern Fringe
Conceptual Planning Proposal
for Eastern Fringe
Nushrat Jahan, Research Assistant, Climate Change Study Cell, BUET
Department of Development Studies, University of Dhaka
jahannushratbuet@gmail.com.
Sanjana Islam, Shahadat Hossain Shakil,
Mohammed Hamidul Hasan Nabin, Afia Sultana Shanta, Arif Hasan,
Prof. Dr. Ishrat Islam and Prof. Dr. Shakil Akhter
(DURP, BUET)
2. Eastern Fringe
Eastern part of fringe area of Dhaka
Bounded by Tongi Khal at North, Balu river
at East, Demra road at South, and Pragati
Sharani at West
Basically a low lying area, According to
FAP-8A 12% of the eastern fringe should be
reserved as retention pond (JICA, 1992)
Still under developed
Developments projects by various private
land developers
Population after projected time period
2020 will be around 2.6 million
Location:Beraid
Location: Shatarkul
Location: Herbaid
3. Strength
Free from development
Sufficient amount of water
retention area and water bodies
Natural beauty
Extensive canal network
SWOT Analysis
Weakness
Low lying area
Vast area is flooded annually
Large amount of earthwork (e.g.;
Landfill) is needed for new
development
Opportunity
Place for new development
Retention pond is can be used
for recreation
Capability to provide housing for
2.65 million people
Threat
For new development the
navigability of the existing river and
the canal network may be interrupted
Unplanned development by the
private land developers
Encroachment of canals
Under the earthquake threat
I
N
T
E
R
N
A
L
E
X
T
E
R
N
A
L
4. Objectives
Planning a sustainable city environment for eastern fringe for
projected population (2.6 million) of 2020
Conservation of retention pond areas.
5. Land Use Planning Process
Following plan making process was followed to prepare land use design for
each type of land use.
deriving spatial requirement for specific land use sector
Mapping suitability of land for particular use
Estimate space requirements for land use
Analyze carrying capacity of suitable land supply
Design land use pattern (Lynch, 1995)
6. Site Selection
Reconnaissance
Survey
Formulation of
Objectives
Population Projection
Formulating Planning
Philosophy
Design Process
Policy
Recommendation
Methodology
Preparation of plan
Road Network Design
Land Use Fixation
Zone Subdivision
Classification of
Income Group
Detailed
Neighborhood
Final Layout
Preparation
7. Planning Philosophy
Preservation of retention areas and
existing water bodies
--15% of total area (4478 acre)
Major land use – Residential (for all
income groups)
Maximum Open Space towards the
eastern side ( City within a garden like
Putrajaya).
Urban Kitchen (CAI et al, 2011).
Transportation – Public Transit Based
Poly Centric Satellite Town following
Draft Delhi Master Plan, 2021
Facilities to serve the city as a whole
8. 4 Zones – Northern, Middle 1,
Middle 2, & Southern
One Major CBD & three Zonal CBDs
Major CBD – around 600 acre
Zonal CBDs are 1.5% of their
respective zones
Zonal facilities placed around the CBDs
Administrative & Cultural Centers
are placed in Major CBD
Facilities like Hotel, Hospital, University,
Shopping Mall are provided
Zone wise Distribution
9. Residential Land Use
4 types of neighborhoods for different income groups in each zone
Considering ----
Neighborhood center ---
Some facilities that require larger population like Colleges, Health Complexes
are grouped for a cluster of 4 neighborhoods
Income Group Total Population Total No. of
Neighborhoods
Total No. of
Buildings per
Neighborhood
Lower 2, 95,355 (11.1%) 28 54
Lower middle 13,03,554 (48.99%) 147 74
Middle 7,87,348 (29.59%) 70 95
High income 2,71,940 (10.22%) 28 58
Total 2660858 273 20664
Maximum walking distance to school
Minimum Roads
Maximum Open Space
Neighborhood facilities provided within walking distance
Safety and vigilance ensured
10. Incom
e
Grou
p
Total
Populati
on
No. of
Househo
ld
Flat Size No.
of
Store
y
No. of
Dwelli
ng Unit
per
Floor
Requir
ed no.
of
Buildin
g
Plot
Size
(kath
a)
Requir
ed Area
(acre)
Lower 2, 95,355
(11.1%) 59071
200sq.ft
(communal
kitchen, toilet)
5 8 1477 5 122.1
Lower
middl
e
13,03,55
4
(48.99%)
2,60,710 (500,600,
700)sq. ft
5 6 8691 9 1292.9
Middl
e
7,87,348
(29.59%) 1,57,470 (800,1000,1200,1
500)
sq. ft
6 4 6562 11 976.2
High
incom
e
2,71,940
(10.22%)
54,388 (1600,2000,2500
,3000)sq. ft
10 4 1511 21.5 604.4
Total 2658197 531639 20413 2995.6
Calculation of Space and facility for residential land use
11. Affordable housing through relatively higher density , Density falls as
affordability increases
Low and lower income neighbourhoods are placed adjacently and these are
mostly placed near Badda and Tongi to ensure easy accessibility to workplace
Priority to pedestrian movement, for zero car occupancy rate (except high
income neighbourhood)
Scope for both Active and Passive recreation
Residential Land Use
(cont.)
12.
13.
14. Roads & Transportation Policy
Major arterial connected with
proposed Purbachal Road at North and
Dhaka-Demra Road at South
Uninterrupted traffic flow
Major Traffic mode - BRT
Road Hierarchy maintained
Roads aligned along the canals
Type of Roads Width (feet)
Major Arterial 100
Major Distributor 60
Minor Distributor 40
Access Roads 20 & 25
15. Open Space and Recreational Facilities
Neighborhood Parks to serve the local need
Linear Parks to protect canals from encroachment
Metro park adjacent to Major CBD and Pragati Sharani
Zoo is located in a natural setting with canal network
Regional park near Retention Ponds
Play lot and Play Ground for active recreation
Recreational Facility Area(Acre)
Play lot and Play Ground Minimum 1.78 (per neighborhood)
Metro Scale
Linear Park 747
Zoo 550
Metro park 643
Regional Scale Regional Park 2240
16. Agricultural Land use and Land for Future Expansion
Agricultural Land
Total area of 3067 acre (60 times of
existing area)
To fulfill daily demand of fresh vegetable
and food grain
Located near the housing of low and lower
middle income group and in the
conservation area
Land for Future Expansion
Total area of 4059.17 acre
To serve the future demand of developable
land
Land kept for future expansion of CBD
Some part of Agricultural land might be
used for future expansion
Location: Harbaid
Location: Bagarpur
17. University, Light Industrial Zone & Waste Management Plant
University
Total area of 400 acre
Location in close proximity to Pragati Sharani to avoid congestion and
near metro park
Light Industrial Zone
Located at the north, near to Tongi industrial zone on high land
Total area of 338 acre with plantation buffer
Waste Management Plant
Total area of 350 acre including a buffer of plantation
Location in close proximity to major roads
Segregation of waste and production of organic compost fertilizer
18. Overall Land Use Distribution
Residential --10483.23 (36%) -- Major Land Use
Administrative & Commercial -- 1286.5 (4%) -- To Create
Employment
Light Industry & WMP -- 538 (2%) -- Provided at Metro Scale
Agricultural -- 3067 (10%) -- To Serve the Whole City
Educational – 400 (1%) -- Provided at Regional Scale
Water Bodies & Retention Area – 4478 (15%) -- To Conserve
the environment
Recreational Purpose -- 4855 (17%) -- To Serve the Town & City
Arterial & Distributor Road --364.1 (1%) -- To Ensure Easy
Accessibility
Area for future Expansion -- 4059.17 (14%) -- For future
Development
19. References
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Peoples Republic of Bangladesh.
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20. Bibliography
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