1. TERMS AND IDENTIFY
Chapter 6

2. PANCHO VILLA
5 June 1878 – 20 July 1923
Commander of the División del Norte (Division of
the North.)
Led a group of guerrillas that burned the town of
Columbus, New Mexico, and killed a number of
Americans.
Provisional Governor of Chihuahua in 1913 and 1914.
Assassinated- 20 July, 1923.

3. FRANZ FERDINAND
18 December 1863–28 June 1914
Arch duke of Austria-Este
Visited the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo.
Assassinated there with his wife
Assassinated by a group called “The Black Hand.”

4. ALLIES
The name for the Triple Entente.
France, Russia, and Great Britain formed it.
Original backbone of the Triple Entente.
Italy joined in 1915.
Italy joined after other Allies promised to cede
Austro-Hungarian territory to Italy after the war.

5. CENTRAL POWERS
When Italy joined the Allies broke up Triple Alliance.
Remaining of the former Allies joined with the
Ottoman Empire.
They joined Bulgaria to form the Central Powers
One of the two sides that participated in World War
I.

6. SUSSEX PLEDGE
A promise made in 1916 during World War I by
Germany to the United States.
Met the foreign-policy goals of both Germany and
President Wilson by keeping the United States out of
the war a little longer.

7. ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM
A 1917 diplomatic proposal from the German Empire
to Mexico to make war against the United States.
Declined by Mexico.
Angered Americans; led in part to a U.S. declaration
of war in April.
A coded telegram created by Foreign Secretary of the
German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann
British intelligence intercepted the telegram.

8. WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD
A United States government agency established on
July 28, 1917.
Coordinate the purchase of war supplies.
Wilson was reluctant at first.
March 1918, he decided industrial production needed
better coordination.
reorganized and Bernard Baruch was appointed to
run it.

9. BERNARD BARUCH
August 19, 1870 – June 20, 1965
American financier, stock-market speculator,
statesman, and political consultant
Advised U.S. Presidents Woodrow Wilson and
Franklin D. Roosevelt on economic matters.
Led WIB

10. VICTORY & LIBERTY BONDS
Government borrowed over $20 billion from the
American people by selling Liberty Bonds.
A war bond that was sold in the United States to
support the allied cause in World War I.
Americans were loaning the government money.
Government agreed to repay the money with interest
in a specified number of years.
“Liberty Loan sermons” encouraged people to buy
the bonds as an act of patriotism.

11. COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC
INFORMATION
New government agency.
Had the task of “selling” the war to the American
people.
Journalist George Creel was in charge of the CPI.
He found advertising executives, commercial artists,
authors, songwriters, entertainers, public speakers,
and motion picture companies.
He had these people help sway public opinion in favor
of the war.

12. VLADIMIR LENIN
22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924.
Leader of the Bolshevik Party.
November, 1917, he overthrew the Russian
government and established a Communist
government.
first act after seizing power was to pull Russia out of
the war and concentrate on establishing a
Communist state.
Accomplished it by agreeing to the Treaty of Brest-
Litovsk with Germany on March 3, 1918.

13. TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK
March 3, 1918
Russia lost substantial territory, giving up Ukraine, its
Polish and Baltic territories, and Finland.
Removed the German Army from the remaining
Russian lands.
Provide some relief to the Bolsheviks, who were tied
up in fighting the Russian Civil War.
Independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus,
Ukraine, and Lithuania

14. FOURTEEN POINTS
Speech delivered by United States President
Woodrow Wilson to a joint session of Congress
Based on “the principle of jus- tice to all peoples and
nationalities.”
Intended to assure the country that the Great War
was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar
peace in Europe.
Presented to Congress January, 1918.
Delivered 10 months before the Armistice with
Germany

15. LEAGUE OF NATIONS
1919–1946
Precursor to the United Nations.
The foundation of President Wilson’s plan for lasting
world peace.
Intergovernmental organization founded as a result of
the Paris Peace Conference.
Faced immediate opposition from numerous U.S.
lawmakers.

16. TREATY OF VERSAILLES
Signed by Germany on June 28, 1919.
One of the peace treaties at the end of World War I.
Weakened or discarded many of Wilson’s proposals.
Germany was stripped of its armed forces.
Germany had to pay war damages to the Allies.

17. RED SCARE
Denotes two distinct periods of strong Anti-
Communism in the United States.
The fear that Communists would seize power.
Began following the Bolshevik Russian Revolution of
1917.
About worker revolution and political radicalism.
The Second Red Scare was from 1947 to 1957.

18. A. MITCHELL PALMER
May 4, 1872 – May 11, 1936
United States Attorney General.
Nicknamed The Fighting Quaker.
Directed the controversial Palmer Raids.
Died from cardiac complications following an
appendectomy two weeks earlier.

19. J. EDGAR HOOVER
January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972.
First Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Critics have accused him of exceeding the jurisdiction
of the FBI.
Died of a heart attack.
Hoover became an increasingly controversial figure
later in his life and after his death.