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Amphibians
1.
2. An amphibian is a vertebrate that is
ectothermic and spends its early life in
water and adult life on land.
After beginning their lives in water, most
amphibians spend their adulthood on
land, returning to water to reproduce.
3. The two groups of amphibians are
salamanders and toads/frogs.
4. They lead “double lives”
Fertilized eggs develop in water.
Larvae wiggle out of the egg and begin
swimming.
The larvae undergoes metamorphosis and
eventually turns into a frog or salamander.
The larva of a frog/toad is called tadpole.
5. The respiratory and circulatory system of
adult amphibians are adapted for life on
land. In addition, adult amphibians have
adaptations for obtaining food and
moving.
6. Amphibian larvae use gills to obtain
oxygen from the water they live in.
When they transform into an adult
amphibian they lose their gills and
develop lungs.
7. A tadpole has a heart with two
chambers, like that of a fish.
Adult amphibians have hearts with three
chambers. The two main parts of the
circulatory system are the atria and the
ventricle.
8. Most tadpoles are herbivores. However,
most adult salamanders, toads and frogs
are carnivores that actively stalk and
ambush their prey.
9. They have strong skeletons and muscular
limbs adapted for moving on land.
Frogs and Toads have adapted legs for
leaping which requires powerful hind-leg
muscles and a skeleton to absorb the
shock of landing.
Frogs and Toads also have adapted
webbed feet to help them swim through
water.
10. Amphibian populations are decreasing.
This is due to the destruction of
amphibian habitats.