1. PLASTIC SURGERY
INTEGRANTES:
Agip Alarcón Walter Daniel
Campos Tapia Alexander Hugo
Herrera Cercado Romain
Ocaña Paredes Christian
Salazar Salazar Eduardo
Vicente Ramírez Daniel
Inglés Médico 22 de Noviembre del 2011
Dra. Rosa Gonzales Llontop

2. PLASTIC SURGERY
1. DEFINITION
Plastic surgery is the medical specialty that is
designed to bring to normal
functional and anatomical body
coverage, ie the body shape of
animals. Seeks to reconstruct
surgically correcting
deformities and functional
impairment by transforming the
human body. The word "plastic"
comes from the Greek
"plastikos" meaning to mold or
transform.The aim is that the
patient is born with a birth defect
or suffered an accident that he has lost the function
of normal range in both its appearance and function
of your body. It also enables to provide aesthetic
improvement remodeling to make them more beautiful
bodies.
Plastic surgery has been divided from a practical
point of view in two fields.
• Reconstructive surgery or repair, including
microsurgery, focuses on cover and reconstruct the
destructive effects of an accident or trauma, a
congenital defects and cancer or tumor resection.
Reconstructive or restorative surgery makes use of
different techniques: osteosynthesis with tissue

3. transfer flaps and autologous healthy body parts
to those affected, and so on.
• Cosmetic surgery or cosmetic
surgery is performed in order to
change those body parts that are
not satisfactory for the patient. In
many cases, however, there are
medical reasons (for example,
breast reduction when orthopedic
problems in the lumbar spine or in
severe cases of blepharoplasty
dermatochalasis even impede the
view).
This division has been marked by society, and public
health services and private (insurance companies) for
health services will only cover the cost of plastic
surgery that are related to congenital, acquired and
accidents.
Plastic surgery is based on the use
of surgical Certain Techniques with
the AIM of Improving the appearance
of the animal, catalog Refers to
When We Used to restore specific
reconstructive SURGERIES Tissues
Organs or after this appearance is
lost, congenital defects alter either by the natural
beauty Acquired Through trauma or damage or
compromise the normal Any Means aesthetic.
The grafting technique or tissue
transplantation is considered value
procedures to correct birth defects

4. both acquired lesions. Cosmetic procedures in some
breeds, due to the popularity and aesthetic
standards lead to tail docking, ear cropping, extra
fingers, removal of nails in cats, resection of
horned cattle and goats. The correction of hernia is
considered a reconstructive process
2. CLASSIFICATION
RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY OR REPAIR
The reconstructive plastic surgery procedures are
performed to restore form and function of organs
affected by diseases such as congenital,
developmental or acquired. Among the most common
causes are the deformities caused by cancer or
other aftermath of surgical procedures, infections
and others.
Fields of influence of reconstructive surgery:
 Complicated fractures of the craniofacial
skeleton.
 Congenital malformations of the craniofacial
skeleton and facial surgery (cleft lip and palate).
 Reconstruction of the skin and nervous structures
of the face.
 Oncoplastic surgery or plastic surgery oncology:
reconstruction after tumor removal surgery.
Especially in breast and head and neck.
 Pressure Ulcers.
 Varicose ulcers.
 Flame burns, scald, electricity, chemical and
freeze.
 Reconstruction of soft tissue associated with
previous fractures or during orthopedic surgery.

5.  Hand Surgery: Posttraumatic reconstruction,
reimplants, transplants.
 Correction of congenital defects and degenerative
diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
COSMETIC SURGERY
The difference between
the cosmetic surgery and
the reconstructive
surgery and reparadora
is sometimes
imperceptible, so since
already many procedures
of the cosmetic surgery
have been mentioned they
come to solve a
pathology that concerns
a function. And in addition
all the procedures of
cosmetic surgery are
based on others by
reconstructive ends that developed during the wars; in

6. fact we might say that the cosmetic surgery is another
case of technologies developed during the wars applied
to the civil world. The plastic surgery has a great
development in Latin-American countries as Colombia,
Mexico, Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, Chile and Argentina that
they rely on big plastic surgeons that they have done
important contributions to the plastic world surgery.
Some procedures of cosmetic surgery:
 Abdominoplastia: remodeling and reaffirmation
of the abdomen.
 Blefaroplastia: surgery of rejuvenation of
eyelids, resection of skin and bags of fat.
 Circular Dermolipectomía or " body lifting ":
remodeling of the contour of the trunk.
 Ginecomastia: reduction of breasts in the men.
 Implants of bust or mamoplastia of
increase: surgery in which by means of prothesis
or implants (of saline solution or gel of
silicone) there increases the size and the form of
the bosoms.
 Reconducive Mamoplastia.
 Peeling: Dermoabrasión, Laserterapia that looks
by means of burns controlled of the skin for his
rejuvenation
 Mastopexia: his purpose is to reaffirm the
bosoms.
 Rinoplastia: it has the purpose of improving
aesthetically the nose.

7.  Otoplastia: correction of the faults of the ears.
 Itidectomía facelift): his goal is to rejuvenate
the face in its entirety.
 Lipoescultura or Liposuction: the goal is to
mold the fat of the body of the patient.
 Malar implant: surgery that the malar hipoplasia
claims coregir.
 Angle implant gonial: surgery that tries to give
him definition and / or volume.
 Mentoplastia: surgery of increase or reduction
of mentón.
 Injection of materials of landfill like the
acid hialurónico.
 Vaginoplastia or vaginal rejuvenation
3. RELATED DISCIPLINES
 Maxillofacial
Surgery:
It is the surgical
specialty that
takes care of

8. craniofacial and oral pathology. Some areas
covered by this specialty are: correction of
congenic defects (cleft lip and cleft palate),
trauma in the face, cosmetic surgery of the face
and neck cysts and tumors of the facial region,
otherlist and cervical joint related problems
cranio-mandibular, tongue, salivary glands and
neck surgery third molar implant, and many
other procedures. In some countries (mainly in
the Americas) is often referred to specialist
oral and maxillofacial surgery, and is a dental
specialty. The field of action it is usually more
limited than in the countries where it is a medical
specialty.
 Pediatric surgery:
In some countries like Spain, Germany or France,
the treatment of children with burns or
congenital malformations (cleft palate,
protruding ears) is performed by surgeons in
this age group.
 Neurosurgery

9. The correction of complex deformities of the
skull (craniosynostosis) is a shared property
with maxillofacial surgeons and neurosurgeons,
which include operations such training.
 Otorhinolaryngology(ORL):
The alterations of the ear and nose are covered
by the activity of otolaryngologists in certain
centers.
4. WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON
COSMETIC SURGERIES?

10. Plastic surgery can offer a variety of cosmetic
surgery to increase, decrease, firm body some
way, accommodating almost any query.
The most common procedures are:
 Rejuvenation of the face (wrinkles, eyelids,
forehead, cheeks, neck).
 Nose (cosmetic rhinoplasty).
 Highlight and skeletal changes of the face (chin,
cheeks, jaw, abnormal bite correction, changing
the profile and proportions of the face).
 Highlight and change the size of the breast (with
implants increase, decrease, and reaffirmation).
 Changes in body shape (abdomen, back, buttocks,
hips, thighs).
The most requested aesthetic
operations vary widely according to age
groups. the difference is made between:
 THE YOUNGER: demand rhinoplasty, liposuction
and improving the appearance of the ears, in
general become more beautiful.
 AVERAGE AGE WOMEN: more concerned about
remodeling your body after a pregnancy or to
recover the lost figure of sagging, age, etc.

11.  OLDER PEOPLE: logically fight against the signs
of aging through lifts, sagging eyelids and neck.
5. Recommendations and care when
performing a facelift
Cosmetic procedures or plastic surgery as we know
usually require a complex care before and after
submitting to this operation. Many people opt for
cosmetic surgery because they feel uncomfortable
with any part of your body, other people do it for
promoting their health, but in most cases it is
important to know where we're going to do the
surgery, if the institution or clinic has all the
technology and quality requirements for such
operations, since otherwise we could face
unpleasant situations and, in worst cases,
irreversible damage.
It is no secret that today we live in a world where the
vanity of people is above many other things, where
everyone wants to look good and feel the same way
with yourself. It is thanks to this that cosmetic
surgery has gone from being something exclusive to
celebrities or wealthy people to something within
reach of the average person, everything is to meet
human needs (in some people look good is a primary
need, especially in women).
So to perform cosmetic surgery is necessary
to follow the following recommendations:
1. go to an institution or clinic certified and reliable
that meets all health requirements and expect

12. credibility and technology to perform these
operations, there are now many clinics "pirates" who
offer this service at a low cost, but does not meet
all requirements and care they require this type of
operation.
2. Check the infrastructure of the clinic, eye witness
to the clinic itself has the appropriate equipment and
hospital conditions, which physicians are certified
and legitimate force to perform these procedures.
3. Note that it is important to have the endorsement
of the physician, that our history is examined in detail
and we are able to perform the surgery. This is
important because before surgery should be
examined and control some diseases triggered high
blood pressure, diabetes, allergies, lung problems,
alcohol, smoking, drugs and heart problems.
4. It is important to know that people are going to
manipulate the surgical tools at the time should
only be supervised by medical doctors or
assistants, as incorrect use of the same can cause
serious consequences and leave long-term
irreversible damage.
5. Avoid taking aspirin or medications containing
salicylates 2 weeks before and 2 semes after
cosmetic procedure.
6. Use germicidal soap type Lactacyd days before
surgery, it is convenient for the whole body.
7. Consider carefully all the instructions your
doctor gives you and follow them exactly, is
rigorous with the times to ingest drugs before and
after surgery.
8. To save the rest for 24 hours postoperatively, and
then walk 15 minutes 2 times a day, but it is important
that after every walk of 15 minutes to rest. Do the
exercise 2 times a day with no less than 5 hours

13. between exercise and exercise. It is important to try
to do this exercise together.
9. If you go out always remember to use sunscreen
UV glasses if possible and avoid heavy solar
radiation.
10. Try not to perform physically demanding activities
such as jumps, runs very fast, aerobics, sit / stand
ao long.
Remember that the most important is your
health rather than physical appearance. Think
very well and think about wanting to have
surgery, if warranted or worthwhile. Remember
that the best way to be good and feel good is
by doing regular physical activity.