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Combining requirements
engineering and testing in agile

A possible future

Slide share: http://www.sysqa.nl/expertise/presentaties/


Jan Jaap Cannegieter –
Vice President SYSQA B.V.
 jcannegieter@sysqa.nl
 @jjcannegieter
Agenda

• The essence of requirements engineering
• The outline of the idea
• Combining the requirements and testing tasks
• Consequences of combining requirements
  engineering and testing in an agile project
• Consequences for testers




                                                 © SYSQA Almere
                                                 2
The essence of requirements
engineering
Requirements process


                     Requirements
                       process




    Requirements     Requirements   Requirements
    development        validation   management


    - Stakeholders   - Correct      - Explanation
    - Needs          - Complete     - Traceability




                                                     © SYSQA Almere
    - Requirements   - Consistant   - Verification
Levels of requirements

                                  Non-
                   Functional   functional

                          Business
                        requirements




                            User
                        requirements




                           System
                        requirements




                                             © SYSQA Almere
Waterfall versus agile


    Business
  requirements



    User
requirements



   System
requirements


                 Waterfall     Agile




                                       © SYSQA Almere
                                       6
Requirements in agile

Product                  Product
                                                Sprints
 vision                  backlog
                             User
  Business
                         requirements
requirements                                    Systemreq.,
                          User story 1
                          User story 2
                                                  design,      €
                                                 build, test
                          User story 3



                          User story 4          Systemreq.,
                          User story 5            design,      €
                                                 build, test




                                                                   © SYSQA Almere
                     Product owner         Scrum team
               (+ requirements engineer)




                                                                   7
Outline of the idea
Tester in an agile team

          Traditional                        Agile




 Requirements           User   Requirements           User
   engineer                     engineering




                                                               © SYSQA Almere
  Developer         Tester      Developing           Testing
Tester in an agile team

         Traditioneel                Agile




 Requirements           User
   engineer
                                             User




                               Developing




                                                    © SYSQA Almere
  Developer         Tester
Tester in an agile team

         Traditioneel                Agile




 Requirements           User
   engineer
                                             User




                               Developing




                                                    © SYSQA Almere
  Developer         Tester
RE-tester and
requirements tasks
Product backlog grooming

“One of the lesser known, but valuable, guidelines in
Scrum is that five or ten percent of each sprint must
be dedicated by the team to refining (or “grooming”)
the product backlog. This includes detailed
requirements analysis, splitting large items into
smaller ones, estimation of new items, and re-
estimation of existing items.”

Jef Sutherland – The scrum papers




                                                        © SYSQA Almere
                                                    13
RE – tester and documentation
User story
• System requirement

• System requirement

• System requirement




                                 © SYSQA Almere
                                14
RE-tester and testing tasks
Scripted versus exploratory testing




  Pure     Vague                                        Freestyle
                     Scenario’s   Charters    Roles    exploratory
scripted   scripts




                                                                  © SYSQA Almere
                                             Image by Jon Bach




                                                                 16
RE – tester and documentation
User story
• System requirement
 • Test point
 • Test point
 • Test point
• System requirement
 •   Test   point
 •   Test   point
 •   Test   point
 •   Test   point




                                 © SYSQA Almere
• System requirement
 • Test point
 • Test point



                                17
RE - tester and documentation




                                 © SYSQA Almere
                                18
Or mindmaps




19




     © SYSQA Almere
Consequences
Effort



                         Backlog grooming:
                        Refining user stories




Start
Sprint
                            into system
                           requirements

                         Requirements
                           validation




         management
         Requirements


 End
sprint
                                                         Effort requirements engineering




  © SYSQA Almere
Effort tester

   Effort




                                      Execution
                                        Test
                           Test
                        preparation




                                                  © SYSQA Almere
                Test
               design

            Start                         End
            sprint                       sprint
Effort RE-tester

    Effort                      Effort
                               RE-tester




                                           © SYSQA Almere
             Start     End
             sprint   sprint
RE-tester and knowledge
Knowledge (and time)

Knowledge



                                    Testing
                     Requirements
                      engineering




                                                        © SYSQA Almere
            Start                              End
            sprint                            sprint




                                                       25
Knowledge RE-tester

Knowledge




                     Requirements
                     engineering -
                        testing




                                               © SYSQA Almere
            Begin                     End
            Sprint                   Sprint




                                              26
RE-tester and techniques
Techniques – an overview


Requirements eng.             Testing
•   Use cases                 •   Boundary analysis
•   Class diagram             •   Dataflow test
•   Activity diagram          •   Control flow test
•   Status diagram            •   Cause and effect graphing
•   Entity relation diagram   •   Decision table
•   Dataflow diagram          •   State-transition test




                                                          © SYSQA Almere
•   Problem frames            •   Equivalence class test
•   User stories              •   Test charter: test points


                                                         28
Techniques – system requirements


                              Shall         <process>



                                             Provide
                 The                                                      <details
    When?                                 <whom?> with
               system        Should                         <object>       about
  Condition?                               the ability to
               <name>                                                     object>
                                            <process>



                              Will          Be able to




                                                                                        © SYSQA Almere
On request of the client the system shall show the delivery status of an ordered book




                                                                                     29
Techniques – system requirements




Does




                                                                                        © SYSQA Almere
On request of the client the system shall show the delivery status of an ordered book




                                                                                   30
Techniques – system requirements




Does the system show the delivery status of an ordered book on request of the client
Priority 1




                                                                                       © SYSQA Almere
                                   shall




                                                                                  31
Will RE-testing be the future?
Advantages and disadvantages




                                © SYSQA Almere
                               33
Advantages and disadvantages




          €




                                © SYSQA Almere
                               34
Advantages and disadvantages




           €




                                © SYSQA Almere
                               35
What does this mean for you?
Can you do it?




                  © SYSQA Almere
                 37
What does this mean for you?




                                © SYSQA Almere
                               38
Slide share: http://www.sysqa.nl/expertise/presentaties/

Jan Jaap Cannegieter –
Vice President SYSQA B.V.




                                                            © SYSQA Almere
 jcannegieter@sysqa.nl
 @jjcannegieter




                                                           39
40




     © SYSQA Almere

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Combining requirements engineering and testing in agile.

  • 1. Combining requirements engineering and testing in agile A possible future Slide share: http://www.sysqa.nl/expertise/presentaties/ Jan Jaap Cannegieter – Vice President SYSQA B.V.  jcannegieter@sysqa.nl  @jjcannegieter
  • 2. Agenda • The essence of requirements engineering • The outline of the idea • Combining the requirements and testing tasks • Consequences of combining requirements engineering and testing in an agile project • Consequences for testers © SYSQA Almere 2
  • 3. The essence of requirements engineering
  • 4. Requirements process Requirements process Requirements Requirements Requirements development validation management - Stakeholders - Correct - Explanation - Needs - Complete - Traceability © SYSQA Almere - Requirements - Consistant - Verification
  • 5. Levels of requirements Non- Functional functional Business requirements User requirements System requirements © SYSQA Almere
  • 6. Waterfall versus agile Business requirements User requirements System requirements Waterfall Agile © SYSQA Almere 6
  • 7. Requirements in agile Product Product Sprints vision backlog User Business requirements requirements Systemreq., User story 1 User story 2 design, € build, test User story 3 User story 4 Systemreq., User story 5 design, € build, test © SYSQA Almere Product owner Scrum team (+ requirements engineer) 7
  • 9. Tester in an agile team Traditional Agile Requirements User Requirements User engineer engineering © SYSQA Almere Developer Tester Developing Testing
  • 10. Tester in an agile team Traditioneel Agile Requirements User engineer User Developing © SYSQA Almere Developer Tester
  • 11. Tester in an agile team Traditioneel Agile Requirements User engineer User Developing © SYSQA Almere Developer Tester
  • 13. Product backlog grooming “One of the lesser known, but valuable, guidelines in Scrum is that five or ten percent of each sprint must be dedicated by the team to refining (or “grooming”) the product backlog. This includes detailed requirements analysis, splitting large items into smaller ones, estimation of new items, and re- estimation of existing items.” Jef Sutherland – The scrum papers © SYSQA Almere 13
  • 14. RE – tester and documentation User story • System requirement • System requirement • System requirement © SYSQA Almere 14
  • 16. Scripted versus exploratory testing Pure Vague Freestyle Scenario’s Charters Roles exploratory scripted scripts © SYSQA Almere Image by Jon Bach 16
  • 17. RE – tester and documentation User story • System requirement • Test point • Test point • Test point • System requirement • Test point • Test point • Test point • Test point © SYSQA Almere • System requirement • Test point • Test point 17
  • 18. RE - tester and documentation © SYSQA Almere 18
  • 19. Or mindmaps 19 © SYSQA Almere
  • 21. Effort Backlog grooming: Refining user stories Start Sprint into system requirements Requirements validation management Requirements End sprint Effort requirements engineering © SYSQA Almere
  • 22. Effort tester Effort Execution Test Test preparation © SYSQA Almere Test design Start End sprint sprint
  • 23. Effort RE-tester Effort Effort RE-tester © SYSQA Almere Start End sprint sprint
  • 25. Knowledge (and time) Knowledge Testing Requirements engineering © SYSQA Almere Start End sprint sprint 25
  • 26. Knowledge RE-tester Knowledge Requirements engineering - testing © SYSQA Almere Begin End Sprint Sprint 26
  • 28. Techniques – an overview Requirements eng. Testing • Use cases • Boundary analysis • Class diagram • Dataflow test • Activity diagram • Control flow test • Status diagram • Cause and effect graphing • Entity relation diagram • Decision table • Dataflow diagram • State-transition test © SYSQA Almere • Problem frames • Equivalence class test • User stories • Test charter: test points 28
  • 29. Techniques – system requirements Shall <process> Provide The <details When? <whom?> with system Should <object> about Condition? the ability to <name> object> <process> Will Be able to © SYSQA Almere On request of the client the system shall show the delivery status of an ordered book 29
  • 30. Techniques – system requirements Does © SYSQA Almere On request of the client the system shall show the delivery status of an ordered book 30
  • 31. Techniques – system requirements Does the system show the delivery status of an ordered book on request of the client Priority 1 © SYSQA Almere shall 31
  • 32. Will RE-testing be the future?
  • 33. Advantages and disadvantages © SYSQA Almere 33
  • 34. Advantages and disadvantages € © SYSQA Almere 34
  • 35. Advantages and disadvantages € © SYSQA Almere 35
  • 36. What does this mean for you?
  • 37. Can you do it? © SYSQA Almere 37
  • 38. What does this mean for you? © SYSQA Almere 38
  • 39. Slide share: http://www.sysqa.nl/expertise/presentaties/ Jan Jaap Cannegieter – Vice President SYSQA B.V. © SYSQA Almere  jcannegieter@sysqa.nl  @jjcannegieter 39
  • 40. 40 © SYSQA Almere