4. Market Segments
30 % 38%
Automotive, Consumer,
Industrial and
Computer and
Wireless Multisegment Sector
Communication 31 % (“IMS”)
50/50 JV with Ericsson Infrastructure (“ACCI”)
Home Computer & Automotive Analog, Microcontrollers,
Entertainment Communication Products Power and Memories and
Major Product Lines & Displays Infrastructure Group MEMS Smartcards
Products
Wireless: Consumer: Computer: Automotive: Industrial:
Market Position* #2 #2 in Set Top Box #2 (HDD & Printers) #3 #1
Major Customers
* Source: iSuppli-2008 rankings, ST and ST-Ericsson
4
7. Manufacturing Locations
France Italy
(Crolles I & II, Rousset, Tours) (Agrate, Catania 6”& 8”)
China
Morocco (Shenzhen, Longgang)
Malta
Philippines
Malaysia
2009 sales : US$ 8.51 billion Singapore
2010 sales : US$ 10.346 billion
Approx. 53,000 employees in the group Front-end fabs
15 main production sites
Back-end fabs
Advanced R&D centers in 10 countries
10. Power Supply in Appliances
Power ranges from 3W to 15W
Non-isolated topologies are used where there
are no external electrical connection.
Isolated topologies are used where there is a
possibility of user touching electrical points.
Cost and simplicity are key drivers.
10
20. Continuous versus Discontinuous
Continuous refers to continuous current in the
inductor, there is always positive current flowing
in the inductor.
Inductor current
Load Current
20
21. Continuous versus Discontinuous
Discontinuous refers to the inductor current
going to zero during every clock cycle.
Inductor current
Load Current
21
22. Continuous versus Discontinuous
Discontinuous mode has higher peak currents.
Higher peak current lowers the efficiency.
Higher peak current increases the EMI energy.
22
23. EMI considerations for the Buck
EMI stands for ElectroMagnetic Interference and
is the result of noise generated by switching
devices.
EMI has two components, radiated and
conducted.
Radiated refers to the EMI that is “broadcast” into
the air by the module.
Conducted refers to EMI on the power line
emitted by the module.
23
24. EMI Considerations for the Buck
The buck has one switching point, the common
point of the two switches and the inductor.
A simple RC snubber at this switching point is
the most common method of reducing EMI (both
conducted and radiated).
24
26. Effect of Snubber on VS(t)
VS Ringing causes big EMI numbers
No snubber
Snubber lows frequency
and amplitude of ringing
With Snubber
50 100 150 T (ns)
26
39. Quasi Resonant
VIN+VO*NP/NS VIN+VO*NP/NS
VIN
VIN VD t
VD t IPEAK
T
IP
IS
IPEAK VIN
T
IP VP
-VO*NP/NS
VOUT
VS
IS VIN * NS/NP
VIN
VP Key difference between a
discontinuous mode flyback and
QR flyback:
-VO*NP/NS 1) There is no dead time in QR
flyback.
2) QR flyback is a variable frequency
VOUT
scheme
VS
VIN * NS/NP
39
40. EMI considerations for a Flyback
There are two commutation point in a flyback
The primary side power switch.
The secondary side diode switch
EMI is created only if there is a high frequency
power dissipation event.
For DM, the current is ~zero when the switch
turns on and the diode turns off.
Most of the EMI is generated when the switch
turns off and the diode turns on (the current is
highest).
40
41. Reducing EMI
High current tracks should be as short as possible
Area enclosed by high current loops, as indicated in red
should be minimized
It is recommended to place high current tracks close
each to other to compensate magnetic field and reduce
parasitic inductance
Use snubber to decrease dV/dt. Snubbers should be
placed with minimum trace lengths
Increase capacitance between primary and secondary
side of the transformer. Higher Leakage inductance
helps!!
Connect the VIPer Drain to the deepest primary winding
41
44. Why Auxiliary Supply (1/2)
The PWM control loop uses 10V/5mA for power.
If the power supply is the input bus (rectified line
voltage) and VDD is ~10V then the PWM loop
will draw (160V-10V)*5mA=7.5W
The secondary output can’t be used because
galvanic isolation is required
Auxiliary supply allows low power consumption
and galvanic isolation.
Cost is low.
44
45. Why Auxiliary Supply (1/2)
Transformer action will also apply between the
secondary voltage and the auxiliary voltage.
Fault tolerence when reference/opto fails: No
overvoltage seen at output.
Short circuit behavior: with aux winding the max
output power is limited, no need to oversize
secondary side components.
45
47. Buck Vs Flyback
Buck Flyback
Lower cost Higher cost
Less components Custom transformer
Designed based on Designed based on
output current output power
Differential EMI critical Common mode EMI
Outputs must be critical
inaccessible to users Users can touch output
Single output commonly connectors or output
power stages
Multiple outputs possible
47
49. Solutions for low-medium power SMPS
The best energy saving approach
Minimized stand-by power
High efficiency
The most reliable approach
Avalanche rugged power section
Integration of advanced protections
Thermal shutdown sensor located on power section
The most flexible approach
Modular product: controller + power section
Packages’ design and development
The most profitable partner
Continuous products’ innovation
Technical support (competence centers, documentations, software)
Excellence in quality and supply chain
49
50. Solutions for low-medium power SMPS
Primary Controllers Secondary Controllers
HV Converters
Sync. CC/CV
Rectification
REGULATE
Controller + MOSFET RECTIFY Efficiently Constant Voltage &
Current
AC VIPer Plus.
(optional)
DC
Replacement of the (Adapters,
diode Chargers,..)
DELIVER the
power to
Transformer’s
Primary
50
51. New VIPer Plus family
GND / SOURCE DRAIN + Technology
VDD DRAIN
+ Functionalities
VIPer+ + Protections
CONT / Lim
FB Function = VIPer+
51
52. + Technology
NEW
800V Power MOSFET
GND / SOURCE DRAIN
DRAIN
VDD Out
Out
VDD DRAIN On-Off On/Off
VIPER17 BR
Gate Gate
CONT CONTROL
CONT Sense Sense
FB Tmp1 Tmp1
Gnd
FB
Gnd1 Gnd
BR
SOURCE
NEW
BCD6 controller technology
52
53. + Functionalities
Current mode converter with ADJUSTABLE IDLIM set point
Frequency
Fixed (60kHz or 115kHz) with JITTERING for EMI reduction
Quasi Resonant operation with Frequency Fold-back function (x5)
SOFT START UP: IDLIM increased cycle by cycle
BURST MODE in low load condition with IDLIM fixed
ADJUSTABLE IDLIM set point
STAND BY consumption < 50 mW
53
54. + Protections
Over voltage protection (OVP)
AUTO RESTART
2nd over current protection (2nd OCP) MODE
after every fault
Over load protection (OLP) condition
Over temperature protection + hysteresis (OTP)
Brown out protection
Max Duty Cycle: 70%
54
55. SMPS topology and main applications
High features - Isolated Fly-back
VIPer17 VIPer27 VIPer37 Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
Quasi Resonant - Isolated Fly-back
VIPer15 VIPer25 VIPer35 Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
VIPer28 VIPer38 Peak Power Isolated Fly-back
DVD, Printer, ATX
Non Isolated converters
VIPer06 VIPer16 VIPer26 Home appliances, Small appliances, Lighting, Power
meter
DIP7 DIP7 DIP7 Basic features – Isolated Fly-back
SDIP10 Auxiliary PS, STB, DVD, Games console, LCD TV,
SSO10 SO16N SO16N
major appliances, Motor control, Power Meter,
Chargers, Adapters, PC Stand-by
1W……. …….15W(1) / 30W(2)
55
56. Main features
Basic features VIPer x7 VIPer x8 VIPer x5 VIPer x6
PWM operations Fixed Frequency (60 or 115kHz) with Fixed Frequency
Quasi Resonant (301 or 60 or 115kHz)
with settable IDLIM Jittering
with Jittering
800V Extra Power Simplified
Avalanche Rugged Brown out Brown out Non Isolated
Timer
loop
Burst Mode Over Voltage No auxiliary
Over
Temperature Over Load Delay Feedback
shut down disconnection
Soft start 2° OCP Auto restart
(fixed time)
Latched a
Auto restart Feedback
disconnection
(option only for VIPer06)
Latched OVP
(option for VIPer25LLD)
(1) 30kHz available only for VIPer06
56
58. Tools availability
Training Application Evaluation e-Design
Datasheet Spreadsheet Spice Model
(slides) Notes Boards Studio
VIPer17 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
VIPer27 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Under Under Under Under
VIPer37 Preliminary Yes
development development development development
--
Under Under Under Under
VIPer06 Preliminary Yes
development development development development
--
VIPer16 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
VIPer26 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes --
Under Under
VIPer15 Yes Yes Yes Yes
development development
--
Under
VIPer25 Yes Yes Yes Yes
development
Yes --
Under --
VIPer28 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
development .
58
62. VIPer06 / 16 /26
Main Features Pin description
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
PWM controller with drain current limit IDlim
Adjustable current limit,IDlim
Fixed frequency with Jittering
high performance for stand-by & efficiency
No need of auxiliary winding
Automatic auto restart after faults
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Direct feedback for non isolated SMPS
Replacement of capacitive power supply
GND
Open loop protection
controller ground / power MOSFET Source
MAIN PARAMETERS
Power MOSFET CONTROLLER VDD
(SuperMESH)
Main parameters (BCD6S)
controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
Break down voltage [V] 800 LIM
Current limit set-up, IDlim .
RDSon [Ohm] 30 /24 / 7
FB
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23 direct voltage feedback (in case of non isolated
SMPS)
FOSC [KHz] 30 or 60 or 115
COMP
Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740 Compensation network.
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 80 Current loop feedback in case of isolated SMPS
N.A.
POUT [W] @ 85-265 VAC 4 / 6 / 12
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
(1) Package SO16N, 100mm2 of Cu
N.C.
(2) Open Frame
Not Connected
62
70. VIPer17 / 27 / 37
Main Features Pin description
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET *
PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.
Adjustable current limit, IDlim
Fixed Frequency with Jittering
High performance for stand-by & efficiency
Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP
Automatic auto restart after fault
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Brown-out: minimum input voltage is settable
GND
Power MOSFET CONTROLLER controller ground / power MOSFET Source
MAIN PARAMETERS
Main parameters
(SuperMESH) (BCD6S) VDD
Break down voltage [V] 800 controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
CONT
RDSon [Ohm] 24 / 7 / 4.5
OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23 FB
current loop feedback
FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115
BR *
Max IDlim [mA] 420 / 740 / 1050 brown out set-up
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50 N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 6 / 12 / 15
N.C.
(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu
Not Connected
(2) Open Frame
* BR pin has the position 10 for VIPER17LD/HD (SO16N package)
70
71. Schematics with VIPerx7
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
+
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x7
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
R2,C6,D2
VDD
Controller
Default current limit
GND BR CONT FB
C4 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C3 R4 No need ext components
71
72. Schematics with VIPerx7
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
+
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x7
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
R2,C6,D2
VDD
Controller
Current limit set-up - RLIM
GND BR CONT FB
C4 <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
RLIM IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C3 R4 No need ext components
72
73. Schematics with VIPerx7
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
DOVP +
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x7
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
ROVP
R2,C6,D2
VDD
Controller
Current limit set-up - RLIM
GND BR CONT FB
C4 <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
RLIM IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C3 R4 No need ext components
Over Voltage Protection (VOUT)
RLIM , ROVP , DOVP
73
74. Schematics with VIPerx7
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
+
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x7
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
R2,C6,D2
R7 VDD
Controller
Default current limit
GND BR CONT FB
C4 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
R8
IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C6 C3 R4 No need ext components
Brown out set-up (VINDC)
R7,R8, C6
74
75. Schematics with VIPerx7
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer17 / 27 / 37
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
DOVP +
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x7
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
ROVP
R2,C6,D2
R7 VDD
Controller
Current limit set-up - RLIM
GND BR CONT FB
C4 <400mA or <700mA or <1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
R8
RLIM
IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C6 C3 R4 No need ext components
Over Voltage Protection (VOUT)
RLIM , ROVP , DOVP
Brown out set-up (VINDC)
R7,R8, C6
75
76. VIPer28
Main Features Pin description
800V, avalanche rugged power MOSFET
PWM controller with drain current limit, IDlim.
Adjustable current limit, IDlim
Fixed Frequency with Jittering
High performance for stand-by & efficiency
Integrated protections: OVP, OLP, high OCP
Automatic auto restart after fault
Hysteretic thermal shutdown
Extra Power Management
GND
Power MOSFET CONTROLLER controller ground / power MOSFET Source
MAIN PARAMETERS
Main parameters
(SuperMESH) (BCD6S) VDD
Break down voltage [V] 800 controller supply voltage / ICHARGE output current
COMP
RDSon [Ohm] 7
OVP set-up, IDLIM set-up.
VDD [V] 9 ÷ 23 FB
current loop feedback
FOSC [KHz] 60 or 115
EPT
Max IDlim [mA] 850 Extra Power Time set-up
RTHJ-A [°C/W] (1) 50 N.A.
Not Available for user. (It can be connected to GND)
POUT [W] @ 85-265VAC 12
N.C.
(1) Package SO16N and 100mm2 of Cu
Not Connected
(2) Open Frame
76
77. Schematics with VIPerx8
FLY-BACK / FF
VIPer28
ISOLATED
L1 30mW Stand-by
F
R2 C6
Minimum components count
AC IN C1 + C2 + D2 T1 D3
NTC VOUT
+
C5 Low cost EMI filter
GND C1,C2, L1
R6 D4 C6
VIPER x8
DRAIN
Low cost clamp components
R2,C6,D2
VDD
Controller
Default current limit
GND EPT CONT FB
C4 400mA / 700mA / 1000mA
R5
R3
Short circuit protection
IC3
No need ext components
R4 C7
CEPT
IC2 2nd Over Current protection
C3 R4 No need ext components
Extra Power Timer
CEPT
77