SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 13
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Towards Supply Chain Sustainability,[object Object],[object Object],Chris Stanley, Weir-tscs Ltd,[object Object]
Weir-tscs : What we do,[object Object],Enabling organisations to understand and address the broad range of Sustainability issues across the End-to-End supply chain. ,[object Object],Providing expertise and a support framework for developing a Sustainability Strategy and detailed tactical implementation plans. ,[object Object],Supporting implementation and measuring progress on the journey towards Total Supply Chain Sustainability. ,[object Object],Working alongside client teams to deliver real Business results,[object Object]
Sustainability matters – to your customers and to your business,[object Object],Shape,[object Object],Manage,[object Object],Climate change,[object Object],[object Object],Lifestyle changes,[object Object],[object Object],Ethical Awareness,[object Object],[object Object],Scarce Resources,[object Object],[object Object],Conflict,[object Object],[object Object],Legislation & Regulation,[object Object],[object Object],Economic Shifts,[object Object],[object Object],Comply,[object Object],Monitor,[object Object]
There is a clear correlation between advancing the Sustainability agenda & Business Benefits,[object Object],Business Benefits,[object Object],Mastery,[object Object],Advanced,[object Object],Developing,[object Object],£ value  achieved,[object Object],Stagnant,[object Object],Sustainability benchmark score,[object Object],Source : WEIR-tscs research and Aberdeen Research group 2009,[object Object]
A Sustainability focus offers significant improvement opportunities,[object Object],Indicative potential cost savings in 3 key areas,[object Object],Source : WEIR-tscs research and Aberdeen Research group 2009,[object Object]
A Sustainability focus offers significant improvement opportunities,[object Object],The Sustainability Leaders have a structured framework, action programmes, and track and report their progress  to stakeholders,[object Object],Indicative potential cost savings in 3 key areas,[object Object],Source : WEIR-tscs research and Aberdeen Research group 2009,[object Object]
But the focus needs to shift to the supply side,[object Object],H&M  found to be falsely claiming the cotton from India used in their clothing is Organic,[object Object],MarsPetfoods withdraws product from shelves after contamination found in ingredient,[object Object],Nestle under attack for using palm oil from Sinar Maes,[object Object],Channel 4 uncovers sweatshops in Leicester supplying clothing to Arcadia,[object Object],Vedanta’s plan to mine aluminium ore in India is blocked and  £300m wiped off its market value,[object Object],Thousands of tubes of fake Colgate toothpaste have been recalled by Sainsbury‘s,[object Object],Mattel again recalls over 10 million Fisher-Price toys,[object Object],The adverse publicity for Sustainability failures is much higher than for simple supply chain failures – and has real consequences for share price and profitability,[object Object]
Our benchmarking confirms this need,[object Object]
A typical supply chain – where is the impact of  procurement?,[object Object],Apples,[object Object],Pressing,[object Object],Waste,[object Object],Apple juice conc.,[object Object],RM Storage,[object Object],Product Storage,[object Object],Fermentation,[object Object],Other Ingredients,[object Object],Glass Bottles,[object Object],Packaging Storage,[object Object],Packing,[object Object],Finished Goods Storage,[object Object],Secondary packaging,[object Object],Customer Warehouse,[object Object],Retail  Outlet,[object Object]
Why is sustainable procurement important?,[object Object],What is sustainable procurement?,[object Object],Considering environmental and social impacts of what you buy,[object Object],Taking responsibility for the footprint of your supply chain,[object Object],Balancing environmental and social factors in the purchase decision alongside the traditional elements of cost, quality, service and risk,[object Object],Ensuring supply risks are identified and mitigated,[object Object],Collaborating with suppliers to reduce costs and develop innovation,[object Object],Environmental,[object Object],Economic,[object Object],Social,[object Object],16/02/2011,[object Object],10,[object Object]
How mature is your organisation? ,[object Object]
First steps – identify risks and uncover opportunities,[object Object],Intra-Company movements in U.K. & Europe,[object Object],6Non-certified,[object Object],What are the risks in my Supply Chain? Where do they occur?,[object Object],What will be the impacts? Major Costs? Hits to Brand reputation?,[object Object],What are the probabilities? What can be done to reduce the risks? ,[object Object],What Opportunities are there where supplier development can add value?,[object Object],Product Category D,[object Object],(RAW MATERIALS),[object Object],SUPPLIER D.C.,[object Object],CORBY D.C.,[object Object],RETURNS,[object Object],RETURNS,[object Object],Product Category C,[object Object],5Philips ,[object Object],trucks,[object Object],(MANUFACTURE),[object Object],A3Outbound,[object Object],deliveries,[object Object],Product Category B,[object Object],IN USE,[object Object],POST USE,[object Object],19Key Account,[object Object],team travel,[object Object],Product Category A,[object Object],8DC space,[object Object],& equipment,[object Object],M2,[object Object],3 Supplier ,[object Object],pollution,[object Object],[object Object]
 People

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Mehr von Sustainable Business Partnership

Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake LapthornSpring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake LapthornSustainable Business Partnership
 
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services Limited
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services LimitedGENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services Limited
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services LimitedSustainable Business Partnership
 
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...Sustainable Business Partnership
 
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock Environmental
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock EnvironmentalWhat is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock Environmental
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock EnvironmentalSustainable Business Partnership
 
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan Harbord
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan HarbordHighbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan Harbord
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan HarbordSustainable Business Partnership
 
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...Sustainable Business Partnership
 
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"Sustainable Business Partnership
 
Phil Duddell, Olive - "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"
Phil Duddell, Olive -  "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"Phil Duddell, Olive -  "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"
Phil Duddell, Olive - "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"Sustainable Business Partnership
 
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...Sustainable Business Partnership
 
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...Sustainable Business Partnership
 
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"Sustainable Business Partnership
 
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...Sustainable Business Partnership
 

Mehr von Sustainable Business Partnership (20)

Sony's CSR Case Study; Graham Thomasson
Sony's CSR Case Study; Graham ThomassonSony's CSR Case Study; Graham Thomasson
Sony's CSR Case Study; Graham Thomasson
 
Adrienne Marsden, The Marden Consultancy.
Adrienne Marsden, The Marden Consultancy.Adrienne Marsden, The Marden Consultancy.
Adrienne Marsden, The Marden Consultancy.
 
Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake LapthornSpring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Spring / Summer 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
 
Funding Solar Panels; Lee Adams, Anesco
Funding Solar Panels; Lee Adams, AnescoFunding Solar Panels; Lee Adams, Anesco
Funding Solar Panels; Lee Adams, Anesco
 
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services Limited
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services LimitedGENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services Limited
GENERATION Project; Alan Kiff, Ark Specialist Services Limited
 
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...
What is UPEN (University of Portsmouth Environmental Network)? David Hutchins...
 
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock Environmental
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock EnvironmentalWhat is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock Environmental
What is STEM? John Charnock-Wilson, Charnock Environmental
 
Autumn 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Autumn 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake LapthornAutumn 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
Autumn 2011 Legal Update; John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn
 
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan Harbord
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan HarbordHighbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan Harbord
Highbury College Courses Avaliable to Businesses; Alan Harbord
 
"Apprenticeships"; Jodi Fair, NAS
"Apprenticeships"; Jodi Fair, NAS"Apprenticeships"; Jodi Fair, NAS
"Apprenticeships"; Jodi Fair, NAS
 
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...
Siobhan Thomasson, Holiday Inn Winchester - "Communicating Sustainability Iss...
 
Kevin Muldoon, Denplan - "Case Study of Denplan"
Kevin Muldoon, Denplan - "Case Study of Denplan"Kevin Muldoon, Denplan - "Case Study of Denplan"
Kevin Muldoon, Denplan - "Case Study of Denplan"
 
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"
John Mitchell, Blake Lapthorn - "Environmental Legislation Update"
 
Phil Duddell, Olive - "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"
Phil Duddell, Olive -  "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"Phil Duddell, Olive -  "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"
Phil Duddell, Olive - "Workshop: How to Work Out Your Travel Carbon Footprint"
 
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...
Marc Morgan-Huws, Southern Vectis - "How a Travel Firm Has Embedded Sustainab...
 
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...
Chris Gregory, New Forest National Park Authority - "Sustainable Transport Op...
 
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"
Gary Wilburn, HPW Architects - "Working Together Case Study"
 
Jo Saady, AECB - "Real World Perspective"
Jo Saady, AECB - "Real World Perspective"Jo Saady, AECB - "Real World Perspective"
Jo Saady, AECB - "Real World Perspective"
 
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...
Steve Charter, Green Gauge Trust - "Introduction to Sustainable Construction:...
 
SBN Portsmouth - Marriott Hotel our recycling story
SBN Portsmouth - Marriott Hotel our recycling storySBN Portsmouth - Marriott Hotel our recycling story
SBN Portsmouth - Marriott Hotel our recycling story
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyAnyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyHanna Klim
 
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry Webinar
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry WebinarLive-Streaming in the Music Industry Webinar
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry WebinarNathanielSchmuck
 
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003believeminhh
 
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptx
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptxCracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptx
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
 
Project Brief & Information Architecture Report
Project Brief & Information Architecture ReportProject Brief & Information Architecture Report
Project Brief & Information Architecture Reportamberjiles31
 
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.mcshagufta46
 
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Lviv Startup Club
 
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access
 
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access
 
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023Steve Rader
 
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptx
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptxIntroduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptx
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptxJemalSeid25
 
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsData skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsyasinnathani
 
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb to
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb toLecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb to
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb toumarfarooquejamali32
 
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...AustraliaChapterIIBA
 
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessQ2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessAPCO
 
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGUNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGlokeshwarmaha
 
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..dlewis191
 
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdf
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdfAMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdf
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdfJohnCarloValencia4
 
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês  em formato pptPlano de marketing- inglês  em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato pptElizangelaSoaresdaCo
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agencyAnyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
Anyhr.io | Presentation HR&Recruiting agency
 
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry Webinar
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry WebinarLive-Streaming in the Music Industry Webinar
Live-Streaming in the Music Industry Webinar
 
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003
The Vietnam Believer Newsletter_MARCH 25, 2024_EN_Vol. 003
 
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptx
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptxCracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptx
Cracking the ‘Business Process Outsourcing’ Code Main.pptx
 
Project Brief & Information Architecture Report
Project Brief & Information Architecture ReportProject Brief & Information Architecture Report
Project Brief & Information Architecture Report
 
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.
A flour, rice and Suji company in Jhang.
 
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
Michael Vidyakin: Introduction to PMO (UA)
 
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global Panel book-unlock 2024
 
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
Borderless Access - Global B2B Panel book-unlock 2024
 
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
NASA CoCEI Scaling Strategy - November 2023
 
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptx
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptxIntroduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptx
Introduction to The overview of GAAP LO 1-5.pptx
 
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story pointsData skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
Data skills for Agile Teams- Killing story points
 
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb to
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb toLecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb to
Lecture_6.pptx English speaking easyb to
 
WAM Corporate Presentation Mar 25 2024.pdf
WAM Corporate Presentation Mar 25 2024.pdfWAM Corporate Presentation Mar 25 2024.pdf
WAM Corporate Presentation Mar 25 2024.pdf
 
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
IIBA® Melbourne - Navigating Business Analysis - Excellence for Career Growth...
 
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for BusinessQ2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
Q2 2024 APCO Geopolitical Radar - The Global Operating Environment for Business
 
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISINGUNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
UNLEASHING THE POWER OF PROGRAMMATIC ADVERTISING
 
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
Team B Mind Map for Organizational Chg..
 
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdf
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdfAMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdf
AMAZON SELLER VIRTUAL ASSISTANT PRODUCT RESEARCH .pdf
 
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês  em formato pptPlano de marketing- inglês  em formato ppt
Plano de marketing- inglês em formato ppt
 

Weir tscs sustainable procurement presentation c stanley feb 2011 (hf000001450262)

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. What is cider made from? Of course we start with apples, which are presses to extract juice. The solid parts can be sold as animal feed or agricultural dressing.Most ciders also use additional concentrated apple juice – pressed elsewhere – and some other small ingredients like sugar and citric acid.The fermentation process is activated with special yeasts and causes the production of CO2 and a temperature rise which has to be controlled by using chilled water. The CO2 can be recovered and used in the product storage, though some will be lost to atmosphere.In this example the cider is filled into glass bottles. Glass production is energy intensive from the extraction of the raw materials through to actual glass-making. And as glass is heavy, the transport is relatively expensive compared to plastic bottles or cans – and as there are few glass bottle manufacturers distances involed may be significant.Packing is a relatively low energy process, and then the finished bottled product is usually wrapped in a cardboard sleeve to protect during transportation.As the product is heavy, significant transport costs and energy are used to distribute the product to the customer’s warehouse and then to the retail outlet. The product is often chilled at point of purchase in shops, bars, pubs, restaurants etc and the energy used for this should be taken into account. The consumer may also take home product and store in the refrigerator.In this example we have not considered what happens to the pack after consumption. In many countries, the bottle is disposable and may end up in landfill. IN some countries the bottles are recycled and sent back to the factory for washing and re-use. On average a single bottle makes 8 trips round the loop.