Semantics

Semantics An Introduction to Meaning in Language

Grammar ,[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics as part of grammar ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The problem of knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The problem of knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Grammar ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Enter Rules But what are rules, and how are they represented in the brain?

The problem of knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Katz and Fodor (1963) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Language and the world ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Knowledge of language and the world semantics concepts/ thoughts things & situations How do we account for the relationship between words and concepts ? How do we decode the meaning of complex sentences ? How is linguistic meaning related to the world?

Knowledge of language and the world How do we account for the relationship between words and concepts ? How do we decode the meaning of complex sentences ? How is linguistic meaning related to the world? lexical semantics lexical semantics & sentential semantics sentential semantics

Semantics Follows Syntax ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics Follows Syntax ,[object Object],[object Object]

Compositionality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Beyond Grammar Semantics in relation to other disciplines

Meaning and grammar (I) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],phonology syntax semantics

Meaning and grammar (II) ,[object Object],[object Object],phonology syntax semantics

Semantics in relation to philosophy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics in relation to psychology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Part 3 So what does a semantic theory look like?

An example situation So did you like the food? You made great black coffee.

Requirements for our theory (I) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Requirements for the theory (II) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

A first attempt ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem 1: Circularity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem 2: World knowledge vs. Linguistic Knowledge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem 3: Individual differences ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The need for a metalanguage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem 4: Context ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics vs. pragmatics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantics

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Semantics