5. Colors and Infographics
Color is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the
categories called red, blue, yellow, green and others. Color derives from
the spectrum of light (distribution of light power versus wavelength)
interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors.
Color categories and physical specifications of color are also associated
with objects, materials, light sources, etc., based on their physical
properties such as light absorption, reflection, or emission spectra. By
defining a color space, colors can be identified numerically by their
coordinates.
Color is a powerful and important communication tool, and it is tied to
religious, cultural, political and social influences. By stopping to consider
what each color represents and is linked to in the ‘real world’ we can
make informed design decisions that ensure we appeal to our target
audience. Without this consideration we run the risk of offending the very
people were are designing for.
6. Colors and Infographics
Color is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the
categories called red, blue, yellow, green and others. Color derives from
the spectrum of light (distribution of light power versus wavelength)
interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors.
Color categories and physical specifications of color are also associated
with objects, materials, light sources, etc., based on their physical
properties such as light absorption, reflection, or emission spectra. By
defining a color space, colors can be identified numerically by their
coordinates.
Color is a powerful and important communication tool, and it is tied to
religious, cultural, political and social influences. By stopping to consider
what each color represents and is linked to in the ‘real world’ we can
make informed design decisions that ensure we appeal to our target
audience. Without this consideration we run the risk of offending the very
people were are designing for.
21. Colors and Infographics
The Digestive Process:
The start of the process - the mouth: The digestive process begins in the mouth. Food is partly broken down by the
process of chewing and by the chemical action of salivary enzymes (these enzymes are produced by the salivary
glands and break down starches into smaller molecules).
On the way to the stomach: the esophagus - After being chewed and swallowed, the food enters the esophagus.
The esophagus is a long tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach. It uses rhythmic, wave-like muscle
movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach. This muscle movement gives us the
ability to eat or drink even when we're upside-down.
In the stomach - The stomach is a large, sack-like organ that churns the food and bathes it in a very strong acid
(gastric acid). Food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with stomach acids is called chyme.
In the small intestine - After being in the stomach, food enters the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. It
then enters the jejunum and then the ileum (the final part of the small intestine). In the small intestine, bile
(produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder), pancreatic enzymes, and other digestive enzymes produced by
the inner wall of the small intestine help in the breakdown of food.
In the large intestine - After passing through the small intestine, food passes into the large intestine. In the large
intestine, some of the water and electrolytes (chemicals like sodium) are removed from the food. Many microbes
(bacteria like Bacteroides, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella) in the large intestine help in the
digestion process. The first part of the large intestine is called the cecum (the appendix is connected to the cecum).
Food then travels upward in the ascending colon. The food travels across the abdomen in the transverse colon, goes
back down the other side of the body in the descending colon, and then through the sigmoid colon.
The end of the process - Solid waste is then stored in the rectum until it is excreted via the anus.
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy/digestive/
23. Colors and Infographics
USD to INR Exchange Rates of Last 30 Days
Friday, August 16th: The US dollar hit a fresh record against the Indian rupee of 61.71364.
Thursday, August 15th: The pair declined slightly, to 61.31985.
Monday, August 12th - Wednesday, August 14th: Three consecutive increases brought the USD/INR currency pair to 61.44378.
Friday, August 9th: A second consecutive depreciation brought the US dollar to Indian rupee exchange rate to 60.79713.
Thursday, August 8th: The US dollar started to depreciate again against the Indian currency, the quote falling to 60.86153.
Wednesday, August 7th: The USD/INR currency pair moved up to 61.25216.
Tuesday, August 6th: A second consecutive depreciation brought the pair to 60.80873.
Monday, August 5th: The US dollar started to depreciate again against the Indian rupee, the USD/INR quote going down to
60.87501.
Thursday, August 1st - Friday, August 2nd: The went up for two consecutive trading days, reaching the level of 61.10505 Indian
rupees to the US dollar on Friday, August 2nd.
Wednesday, July 31st: The US dollar to Indian rupee quotation decreased to 60.40527.
Monday, July 29th - Tuesday, July 30th: The USD/INR cross went up for two trading days in a row, reaching 60.48479.
Friday, July 26th: The quotation declined to 59.04223. This was the lowest in five weeks.
Thursday, July 25th: The USD/INR cross rose by 0.02875, from 59.07972 to 59.10847.
Wednesday, July 24th: The exchange dipped from 59.72534 to 59.07972.
Tuesday, July 23rd: The quote increased again, by 0.00181.
Monday, July 22nd: The US dollar started to appreciate again against the Indian currency; the rate went up to 59.72353, from
59.50469.
Friday, July 19th: The quotation decreased to 59.50469.
Wednesday, July 17th - Thursday, July 18th: The USD/INR exchange rate rose from 59.14469 to 59.65019.
http://www.tititudorancea.com/z/usd_to_inr_exchange_rates_american_indian_rupee.htm
24. Colors and Infographics
USD to INR Exchange Rates of Last 30 Days
61.7136
61.1794
60.6451
60.1108
59.5765
59.0422
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
16 July-16 August 2013
http://www.tititudorancea.com/z/usd_to_inr_exchange_rates_american_indian_rupee.htm
25. Colors and Infographics
An infographic (information graphic) is a representation of information in a graphic format
designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance. People use infographics to
quickly communicate a message, to simplify the presentation of large amounts of data, to see
data patterns and relationships, and to monitor changes in variables over time.
27. Colors and Infographics
Reasons to Use Color in Infographics
1. Use color to speed visual search
Color coding is a way to convey information quickly, which facilitates visual search. In this Washington
D.C. metro map, as with most schematic subway maps, color coded lines represent the different rail
lines. Visual searching occurs when we actively scan the environment to locate a specific feature
among many distractors. In this case, color makes it easier to visually follow the path of a rail line,
speeding up the search process.
28. Colors and Infographics
Reasons to Use Color in Infographics
1. Use color to speed visual search
Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Wash-dc-metro-map.png
29. Colors and Infographics
2. Use color to improve object recognition
We recognize objects more quickly when their colors reflect what we see in the physical world.
Image source: http://www.jonevaristo.com/whams/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/16_animal_illustrations_complte.jpg
30. Colors and Infographics
2. Use color to improve object recognition
Image source: http://www.jonevaristo.com/whams/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/16_animal_illustrations_complte.jpg
31. Colors and Infographics
3. Use color to enhance meaning
Bright colors above represent something of value
Our brains are compelled to find meaning, whether it is intended or not. Because the eyes are
attracted to bright and high-contrast colors, viewers will derive meaning from something that stands
out. When you use color for emphasis, it’s like shouting that this object or element has the greatest
value. At the Puma website, the red is used to prominently display logo.
http://www.hybridlava.com/wp-content/uploads/Colourful-Website-Designs18.jpg
32. Colors and Infographics
3. Use color to enhance meaning
http://www.hybridlava.com/wp-content/uploads/Colourful-Website-Designs18.jpg
33. Colors and Infographics
4. Use color to convey structure
Color is often used in technical documentation and textbooks to convey structure. Each chapter might
feature a different colored heading and a block of the same color may appear on each page, making it
easy to distinguish between chapters. Another approach to color structure can be found in the book,
Designing for Small Screens. Each chapter is organized into three sections, denoted by vivid colors. The
sections form three tracks running through the book, which is described visually in the table of
contents shown above.
Image source: httppublications.msss.gouv.qc.caacrobatfdocumentation200808-289-19A.pdf
34. Colors and Infographics
4. Use color to convey structure
Image source: httppublications.msss.gouv.qc.caacrobatfdocumentation200808-289-19A.pdf
35. Colors and Infographics
5. Use color to establish identity
In the sphere of marketing and advertising, brand identity is the visual essence of a business or
organization. Visual identity is often highly correlated with color through symbolism (see below). The
chosen color, in consort with other aspects of the design, has the potential to project the entire flavor
of the organization to the world.
http://blog.crowdspring.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/2616906744_a238697a95_b.jpg
36. Colors and Infographics
5. Use color to establish identity
http://blog.crowdspring.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/2616906744_a238697a95_b.jpg
37. Colors and Infographics
6. Use color for symbolism
Color elicits both cultural and psychological associations that are symbolic of ideas, concepts and
feelings. Context plays a part in color symbolism, meaning that one color can have positive or negative
connotations depending on the larger framework. For example, although blue is often associated with
strength and and brown is as negativity.
Image source: http://www.exoticindia.com/oils/oq43.jpg
38. Colors and Infographics
6. Use color for symbolism
Image source: http://www.exoticindia.com/oils/oq43.jpg
39. Colors and Infographics
7. Use color to improve usability
The wise use of color can improve usability for everything from everyday objects to way finding.
Consider the glaring red medical waste bags in a hospital, lab or doctor’s office. Different colors in
traffic symbols like yellow, blue, red, green black they all have different meanings to communicate to
people.
Image source: http://www.nevron.com/gallery/FullGalleries/diagram/Shapes/images/TrafficSignsShapes.png
40. Colors and Infographics
7. Use color to improve usability
Image source: http://www.nevron.com/gallery/FullGalleries/diagram/Shapes/images/TrafficSignsShapes.png
