1. Rajeev Thakur, OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Inc.
SAE 2015 Active Safety Systems Symposium
Plymouth, MI ● November 5th , 2015
Growth of Infrared Opto Semiconductor
components in ADAS sensors – Factors
shaping automotive product and technology
roadmap for next five years
Light is OSRAM

2. SAE INTERNATIONAL
Presentation Outline
Page
1. OSRAM Overview 03
2 Detroit & Silicon Valley – Symbiotic growth 08
3. Automotive Safety Technology – Regulation - Business Opportunity Windows 09
4. LIDAR – Applications – Technology – Requirements - Roadmap 13
5. Infrared Camera – Applications – Technology – Requirements - Roadmap 19
6. Key Takeaways 22
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3. SAE INTERNATIONAL
OSRAM – The world’s largest, pure play lighting
company
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Number of employees
33,800
employees at the end of the fiscal year
Revenues
€ 5,142.1 million
Worldwide presence
>120
countries where OSRAM had operations
at the end of the fiscal year
Fiscal year 2014 New OSRAM Headquarters, Munich, Germany
Source: OSRAM data

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Trendsetting and market leading products prove
OSRAM’s aspiration
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First commercial luminaire
"Early Future" in 2008
LED1) Trendsetter #1 in Automotive
R&D record for red and warm-
white LED efficiency
First company to fully switch to
6-inch wafer technology
First direct emitting green laser
diode
OLED3) Trendsetter
Record: 20 lm/W4) at 57%
transmission for transparent
large area OLEDs in Dec 2012
2016: OLEDs expected in
series production vehicles
#1 in Projection/Cinema
#2 in General Illumination
Innovator Market leader
#2 in Opto Semiconductor Comp.
#2 in Control Gears
1) Light emitting diode, 2) OSRAM blue thin film LED chip technology based on gallium nitride, 3) Organic light emitting diode , 4) Lumen per watt
Source: Frost & Sullivan – LED Revolution (July 2011), OSRAM estimates

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Presentation Outline
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Light is
Motion
600 m
Hans Joachim Schwabe, CEO Of OSRAM Specialty Lighting
“We have evolved from a lamp
manufacturer to a solutions provider for
automobile manufacturers.“
Up to
-the range of the laser high beam
offered in the BMW i8.

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Presentation Outline
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Light is
Safety
90%of all information absorbed by
motorists is visual.
LED-MatrixIntelligent headlights:
oncoming vehicles are blinded out
exactly from the light distribution thanks
to sensors and special electronics.

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OSRAM Infrared & Laser Automotive Applications
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Existing Applications
Future Applications
Rain sensor
Tunnel sensor
Optical switches
Ambient light sensors
• Dashboard
• Car radio
• Displays
Immobilizer
IR key
Pre-crash system /
Autonomous Driving
Steering wheel
angle sensor
Camera based
pedestrian
protection
Laser head-up display
HUD Driver monitoring
Seat occupancy
detection
IR based night vision
Trunk opener /
Rear Safety
Blue Lasers
for headlamps
Gesture
Recognition

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Merging Lanes : Silicon Valley Car Detroit
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Silicon Valley
 Numerous mature & startup companies
 New innovative products - life cycle < 2 years
 Short development cycles (< 1 year)
 Malfunction / reboot OK
 Fast to adapt to new technology
 Less exposure to regulations & legal
 4G & Gigabytes ..
Detroit
 10 – 15 major mature companies
 Safe and reliable cars - life cycle > 10 years
 Long development cycles (4 – 7 years)
 Malfunction / reboot Not OK
 Slow to adapt to new technology
 Very sensitive to regulations & legal
 You can cut steel only so fast ..
Why can’t we get along …
We can leverage our strengths for mutual benefit with improved communication …
$
$
$
$
$
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Technology & ADAS Opportunity
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• Innovations are streaming in for ADAS / Autonomous – Connected Car
• Non-Safety / Convenience innovations  growth often through aftermarket pull
• Safety critical  Needs to prove value (for market pull) or regulation guidance
• Regulation guidelines / roadmap spur more innovations
• Early and open communication of roadmaps / requirements benefits all
Time
Introduction
Regulation Kicks in
Market Entry Cost
Revenue Potential
Market Price
Growth
Maturity
Decline
Standards established
Communicate roadmap as
early as possible
ADAS – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

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Regulation – Technology – Business Windows
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Safety Technology have business windows – influenced by Regulation
1996 - 20061951 - 1991
Airbags – Invention to
Regulation
Airbags  OCS
Airbags
• 1951: Patent – Hetrick
• 1967: 1st airbag to inflate <
30ms - Breed
• 1984: NHTSA Regulation for
automatic restraints (Airbags
or Automatic Seatbelts)
• 1991: End of Automatic
seatbelts (Airbags win)
Occupant Classification
Systems
• 1996: NPRM for manual
switch to turn off Pass. AB
• 2003: NHTSA Reg. for OCS
(Advanced AB or OCS)
• 2006: OCS for suppression
• 2011: Advanced AB enable
Low risk deployment (lower
cost OCS)
Automatic
Seatbelts
Business
Window
Suppression OCS
business window
Takeaways :
• Automotive safety technology & regulations take time to develop & mature (4 to 10 years)
• Sensing / Safety technology also have business windows (~ 6 years)
• NHTSA & Industry work together (Silicon Valley  Comparatively new to this process)
OCS – Occupant Classification System
NHTSA – National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

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ADAS & Regulation
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NHTSA
Time (Years)
SAE/Industry Testing Protocols
Industry Testing Equipment
OEM System Requirements / Roadmap
Tier1 Sensing Technology & Roadmap
Tier2 Basic Technology / Key Components Roadmap
Comments NPRM Final Rule Phase-inNeed Identified
• 4 to 6 years needed to
introduce a standard
• Improve and open
communication of roadmap
and requirements
• Autonomous car regulation
could take over 10 years –
entering AI (Define how a
human will react – or 10
humans..)
• What defines a mature
technology and its value
proposition ?
NCAP Upgrade
AI – Artificial Intelligence

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Market Forces – ADAS
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• Euro NCAP
• Tests new cars and rates them with 1 – 5 stars to promote safety for consumers
• Represents Germany,UK,France,Italy,Netherlands,Sweden,Spain
• Made of government and consumer agencies (Not OEM)
• 2018: AEB for pedestrians and cyclists in daylight / darkness / poor lighting conditions 1
• 2015 – 2017 : Advanced rewards for driver state monitoring and other ADAS features
• OEMs who fit safety technology as standard are given more credit
• US NCAP
• Tests and rates new cars for safety. Run by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
• Planning to upgrade NCAP with crash avoidance technologies (CIB, DBS) 2
• OEMs ,suppliers and IIHS have indicated their support to this upgrade
• IIHS
• Rates vehicles crash worthiness & crash avoidance
• From 2014 top safety pick vehicles must have crash avoidance technology (Forward)
• Autonomous Car
• Google has ignited the industry with its self driving car demonstration and evolution
• Robust & cost effective technologies are needed enter mass market
• NHTSA plans to release roadmap for autonomous driving in 2016 3
1 – 2020 Roadmap European New Car Assessment Programme – June 2014
2 – Docket No. NHTSA -2015-0006
3 – NHTSA priority plan for vehicle safety and fuel economy 2015 - 2017
NCAP – New Car Assessment Programme
IIHS – Insurance Institute of Highway Safety

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What is the Specification ? (LIDAR Example)
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• System requirements drive component requirements
• System requirements not well defined in initial stage
• Application : Map environment / avoid collision
• Range : 100 – 400 m
• Range Accuracy : 2 – 10 cm
• FOV Horizontal : 24 to 360 degrees
• FOV Vertical : 6 to 20 degrees
• Angular Resolution : 0.3 – 30 degrees
• Operating conditions : -40 to 125 C
• Packaging / Mounting : Small / should not be noticeable/should be robust for
usage and service !
• SOP : 1 – 5 years
• Test Specifications/Regulation : Not available yet
• Price : $
• Takeaways..
• Manufacturers developing modular designs – meet high / low end of spec
• Roadmap from NHTSA/OEM/Tier1’s can speed up innovation efforts
FOV – Field of View
SOP – Start of Production
OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer

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RADAR / Camera / LIDAR Comparison
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Sensor Typical
Range
Azimuth
FOV
2015
Price Range
Typical
Applications
Comments
24 GHz
RADAR
60 m 1 56° 1 $80 - $100
Blind Spot Detection
Forward Collision Warning
USA Bandwidth 100 -250 MHz 2
Robust for Rain/snow
Concerns for People Detection / Angular Resolution
77 GHz
RADAR
200 m 1 18° 1 $150 - $175
Adaptive Cruise Control
Forward Collision Warning
USA Bandwidth 600 MHz 2
Robust for Rain/snow
Concerns for People Detection / Angular Resolution
Front Mono
Camera
50 m 1 36° 1 $80 - $100
Lane Departure Warning
Forward Collision Warning
Traffic Sign Recognition
Versatile Sensor (Applications)
Limited depth perception ; affected by rain / fog
Needs illumination (Visible/IR)
LIDAR
(Flash)
50 m 56° $60 - $100
Blind Spot Detection
Forward Collision Warning
Concerns for Rain/Snow
Good reflection off people w/ angular resolution
Range & S/N limited by eye safety
LIDAR
(Scanning)
120 m 360° $250 - $8000
Mapping Environment
BSD/FCW/LDW/ACC
Concerns for Rain/Snow
Typically higher price for angular resolution
Range & S/N limited by eye safety
1 : Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications: readiness of V2V technology for application – DOT HS 812014 ; Table V-7
2 : Millimeter Wave Receiver concepts for 77 GHz automotive radar in silicon Germanium Technology – D.Kissenger (SpringerBrief’s 2012)
All 3 have limitations – optimum fusion determined by regulation / consumer expectations ..
• False positives  Nuisance to consumer  Turns feature off (if possible)
• False negatives  did not meet spec / expectations
=> Optimum combination of sensors will be a learning process

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LIDAR – Technology Landscape
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Sources for LIDAR images :
Velodyne : http://velodynelidar.com Quanergy: http://www.lidarusa.com
Ibeo: http://www.bayern-innovativ.de Leddartech: http://www.Leddartech.com
Phantomintelligence.com
The market is
struggling to find
the right solution for
automotive LIDAR

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Flash LIDAR Concept – OSRAM & Partner (Ref. Design)
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30m range
~1cm accuracy
16 pixel array
24°H x 6°V FOV in a
2 x 8 array (3° x 3°per pixel)
Arrangement of pixels and field of view can be
customized in future products.
Multiple targets in each pixel can be resolved
Targets can be as close as ~1m apart (range) and still be separated
Differentiating through performance, small size,
scalability, and low power consumption
No moving (scanning) parts
Practically scalable from 8 to 128 pixels
Sun blinding can affect no more than a single pixel
Key Points
• Est. BOM < $50
• Functional sample 01/2016
• Target SOP 2018
One ChannelADC shared among many
channels
Osram and partner providing a LIDAR reference design for collision avoidance
(OSRAM Components – Laser & Photodiode Array)
MUX – Multiplexer
ADC – Analog to Digital Convertor
MSPS – Mega Sample per Sec

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Laser – Requirements and Roadmap
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• Range : Maximum distance for target of defined size and reflectivity (Typ. 30 – 300m)
• Wavelength : 905 / 1550 nm
• Peak Power & Pulse Width : High power / short PW for Eye Safety (Typ. 75W ; < 5ns)
• Package : Small package w/ Integrated driver
~200µm
~1µm
Efficiency: ~ 50 - 65%
Rise- /Fall- Time: 2 ns (*)
Spectral width: ~3 nm
(*) package limited
OSRAM Laser
Chip Technology
Near Future : 905 nm ; SMD w/
integrated driver ; > 100 W Peak
Power ; < 5 ns PW
SMD – Surface Mount Device

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Photodetectors – Requirements and Roadmap
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• Sensitivity : High (50 A/W)  APD ; Low (0.5 A/W)  PIN Photodiode
• Wavelength : 905 / 1550 nm  Compatible with laser peak wavelength
• Cost: APD typically 20X more than Photodiode
• Package : Single / Array  depends on system design
• Photodiode • Fast switching time (10 ns) ; linear response ; small temp. coefficient ; Preferred in Flash LIDAR
• Phototransistor • High photocurrent ; small package ; cheaper ; higher temp. coefficient
• Avalanche Photodiode • High SNR / voltage supply / temperature sensitivity / Price ; Preferred in Scanning LIDAR
• Single Photon Multiplier • Higher gain than APD at lower operating voltage; Dynamic range / recovery time poor - improving
Near Future : Considering Photodiode Arrays NxM for collision avoidance LIDAR
A/W – Amperes / Watt ; APD – Avalanche Photodiode ; SNR – Signal to Noise Ratio ; LIDAR – Light Detection And Ranging

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Infrared Camera – Exterior Automotive applications
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Forward Camera
Surround View
Camera
Rearview
Camera
Most of current automotive cameras used in exterior applications do not have infrared
illumination …
• At night time – cameras depend on headlamp / tail lamp for illumination
• Headlamp / tail lamps have limited range / FOV (Not typically designed for Camera)
• Adding Infrared illumination is a matter of time ..cannot be autonomous only in daytime
• Requires safety and lighting to work closer (Even more w/ Matrix lighting / Laser HL ..)
• Also needs more collaboration between image sensor / camera / lighting ..
• Expect ToF cameras to penetrate short range (Side / Rear) applications
IR emitters in headlamp
FOV – Field of View ; HL – Headlamp ; ToF – Time of Flight

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Infrared Camera – Interior Automotive applications
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Driver Monitoring
Camera
Infrared camera’s are already being used for driver monitoring applications ..
• Interior applications prefer 950nm to avoid red glow at 850nm
• Image sensors sensitivity at 850nm ~ 35% of visible / @950 nm ~ 20% & improving
• Expect technology to expand to rear seats for occupant detection / baby monitoring ..
• Potential exists to add iris recognition for security & customization
• TOF interior cameras in use for gesture recognition
• Public acceptance of privacy loss with camera is in grey zone ..
ToF – Time of Flight

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Infrared LEDs – Considerations (Camera)
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• Wavelength : IR/850/950
• Power : Range / FOV / Eye Safety
• Efficiency : Power/heat
Management / # of Devices
• Automotive Qualification
• 10 - 15 yr. Lifetime Supply
Considerations
SFH 4715AS
1.37W @ 1A , 43% efficiency
(Industry leading)
FOV – Field of View ; TF – Thinfilm; LPE – Liquid Phase Epitaxy

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Key Takeaways
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• Merging lanes : Detroit   Silicon Valley
• More communication to leverage new technology / startups
• Suggest OEM / Tier1’s to have single window to access roadmap / requirements
• OEMs can filter Tier 1 / Tier 2 through roadmap / guide posts & reduce in-house R&D costs
(Leverage Silicon Valley startups)
• Impact of regulation on auto-industry
• Regulation guides innovation in auto industry – NHTSA roadmap has wide impact
• Innovation – Regulation (One drives the other) – creates business windows
• Developing standards for regulation can take > 2 years
• LIDAR
• LIDAR rapidly developing for automotive applications – will add to robustness under poor
lighting conditions for pedestrians & other vulnerable road users
• OSRAM developing higher power (>100 W ) w/ shorter PW (<5 ns) SMT pkg
• IR Camera
• Most external cameras now work in visible spectrum ; adding IR extends functionality
• Iris / gesture recognition / rear occupant monitoring coming up
• ToF camera making an appearance in market
• Semiconductor Supplier Considerations
• -40°C to 125°C : Not many semiconductor suppliers can do this
• Stable supply of a product for 15 years is also a factor

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Many Thanks ! www.osram-os.com
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Questions ?
Contact:
Rajeev.Thakur@osram-os.com