MIS Foundation - NON IT Students

1. Management Information
System
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2. ‡ Basic Book
± James A O'Brien, Management Information
system, 7th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill
‡ References
± Ralph Stair and George Reynolds, Principles of
Information Systems, 10th edition, New Delhi:
Pearson Education.
± James A. O'Brien and George Marakas,
Management Information Systems, 9th Edition,
New York: McGraw-Hill
± Laudon and Laudon, Management Information
systems, 10th edition, Pearson Education.
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3. ‡ Websites
± www.mhhe.com/obrien
± www.prenhall.com/laudon
‡ Websites for Nepalese Context
± www.nta.gov.np (MIS report)
± www.moic.gov.np
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4. Framework of MIS
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5. Foundation of Information Systems in
Business
‡ Information System In Business
‡ The Components of Information System
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6. Management Information System
‡ Management??
‡ Information ??
‡ System??
‡ Information System??
‡ Management Information System??
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7. Management
‡ Management is the process of getting activities
completed efficiently and effectively with and
through other people.
‡ Management functions: Planning, Organizing,
Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting,
Budgeting, Controlling
‡ Management roles:
± Interpersonal roles: Figurehead, Leader, Liaison
± Informational roles: Monitor, Disseminator,
Spokesperson
± Decisional roles: Entrepreneur, Disturbance handler,
Resource allocator, Negotiator
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8. Data vs. Information
Data: raw facts
Information: collection of facts organized in
such a way that they have value beyond the
facts themselves
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9. Figure 1.1
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10. Table 1.1
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11. System concept
Environment
Feedback Feedback
Signals Signals
Control Control by Control
Signals Management Signals
Input of Manufacturing Output of
Raw Materials Process Finished Products
System Boundary
Other Systems
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12. Fig 1.2
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13. Management Information System (MIS):
Management level
‡ Inputs: High volume data
‡ Processing: Simple models
‡ Outputs: Summary reports
‡ Users: Middle managers
Example: Annual budgeting

14. Management Information System (MIS)

15. Management Information System (MIS)
‡ Structured and semi-structured decisions
‡ Report control oriented
‡ Past and present data
‡ Internal orientation

16. IT and IS
‡ What is Information Technology?
± Any form of technology used by people to handle
information.
‡ What are Information Systems?
± Integrated components processing, storing and
disseminating information in an organisation.
± Interdisciplinary study of systems that provide
information to users in organisations.
Pyle, I.C. & Illingworth, V. (Eds) (1996). Oxford Dictionary of Computing, 4th Edition. Oxford / New York: Oxford
University Press
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17. Experiences of IT and IS
‡ Examples of IT
± Hardware (PC, UNIX server)
± Software (e-mail, Internet, Windows, Word)
± Consumer devices (mobiles, train times)
‡ Examples of IS
± File systems, databases, e-mail servers / clients
± e-commerce
± SAP, student records
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18. Characteristics of Valuable Information
‡ Table 1.2
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19. Attributes of Information Quality
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20. ‡ Elements
Fig 1.3 of system
and goals
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21. System classifications
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22. System Performance
Efficiency: output/input
Effectiveness: extent to which system attains
its goals
Performance standard: specific objective of a
system
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23. Fig 1.5
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24. Fig 1.6
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25. Fig 1.8
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26. Components of an Information System
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27. Why is IS Important?
‡ For an organisation to survive and prosper
± More locations (networking, Internet)
± New products and services
± Improve jobs and work flows:
‡ Efficiency
‡ Cost
‡ Ethical and social issues
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28. Why is IS Important?
‡ Worldwide changes:
± Global economy
‡ Growing percentage of economy relies upon import and
export
‡ Need to operate globally
‡ IS can provide global trading infrastructure
± Knowledge- or information-based society
‡ Change of employment profiles:
± Less farming
± Less ͚blue collar͛ ʹ manufacturing
± Increased service
± Increased ͚white collar͛ ʹ office-based
± USA: 55% of work force are in knowledge- or information-based
activities
± Shift of manufacture to low-wage countries
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29. Information Economy
70%
60%
% SERVICE
50%
% WHITE COLLAR
40% % BLUE COLLAR
30% % FARMING
20%
10%
0%
YEAR
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30. Why is IS important?
± Business enterprise
‡ Change from hierarchical organisations
‡ Now flat, decentralised
‡ Relies on instant information
‡ Flexibility with customer focus, with increasing importance
± Digital firm
‡ An organisation where:
± Nearly all relationships with customers, suppliers and employees
is digital
‡ Business processes accomplished through digital networks
‡ Flexible
‡ Dependent upon on IT
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31. WHY INFORMATION SYSTEMS?
Business Processes
Supply Enterprise Customer Knowledge
Chain Management Management Management
Management Firm
Profitability
and
Strategic
Position
Data Transformation Dissemination
Collection Into
and Business
Storage Systems
Planning Coordinating Controlling Modeling and
Decision Making
Information Processing Activities Management Activities
Business Value
Figure 1-4

32. Major Roles of Information Systems
Support of
Strategic
Advantage
Support of
Managerial
Decision Making
Support of
Business Operations
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33. TOWARD THE DIGITAL FIRM
The Interdependence Between Organizations and Information Systems

34. Trends in Information Systems
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35. Types of Information Systems
Information Systems
Operations Management
Support Support
Systems Systems
Transaction Process Enterprise Management Decision Executive
Processing Control Collaboration Information Support Information
Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems

36. Other Categories of Information
Systems
Expert Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Functional Business Systems
Strategic Information Systems
Cross-Functional Information Systems
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37. Management Information Systems
(MIS)
Routine information for routine decisions
Operational efficiency
Use transaction data as main input
Databases integrate MIS in different functional
areas
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38. MIS Outputs
Scheduled reports
Demand reports
Exception reports
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39. Management Challenges of the E-Business Enterprise
‡Business Strategies
‡Business Processes
‡IS Human Resources ‡Business Needs
‡IS Development
‡Customer Relationships
‡Business Partners
‡IT Infrastructure ‡Suppliers
‡IS Performance ‡Business Customers
‡Organization Structure Ethical Considerations
‡and Culture Potential Risks?
Potential Laws?
‡User Acceptance
Possible Responses?
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