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Notes: Life of a Cell

Part 1: Understanding the
      Chromosome
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                 5 Key Points
A. Found in the
NUCLEUS of the cell
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                   5 Key Points

B. Composed of 1 very large, compacted,
TIGHTLY COILED strand of DNA

1. DNA name: DEOXYRIBOSE NUCLEIC ACID
• Contains the HEREDITARY INFORMATION
  for the assembly of PROTEINS in the body that
  specifies cell structure and function
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                 5 Key Points
2. Built by repeating subunits or monomers
called NUCLEOTIDES: 3 parts


a. DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR
b. PHOSPHATE GROUP
c. NITROGEN BASES (A,T,C,G)
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
              5 Key Points

              Nitrogen
                           Draw this
                           and label
                           it!


    DNA Nucleotide
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                 5 Key Points

3. GENE: a segment of DNA coding for a
specific trait
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                 5 Key Points
C. Chromosome appearance
in the cell varies
1. LOOSELY coiled: dark
  mass
2. TIGHTLY coiled:
  extended threadlike
  strands
   Can be seen during stages
    of cell division
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                  5 Key Points
D. Chromosome number - Humans
                     Chromosome # in
                         Humans



HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes         Diploid = 46 Chromosomes
-1/2 set of chromosomes         -Full set of chromosomes
-Gamete: sex cells              -Somatic Cell: body cells
-ex: sperm and egg              Ex: skin, liver, zygote
HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes
-1/2 set of chromosomes
-Gamete: sex cells
-ex: sperm and egg
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                  5 Key Points
D. Chromosome number - Humans
                     Chromosome # in
                         Humans



HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes         Diploid = 46 Chromosomes
-1/2 set of chromosomes         -Full set of chromosomes
-Gamete: sex cells              -Somatic Cell: body cells
-ex: sperm and egg              Ex: skin, liver, zygote
Diploid = 46 Chromosomes
-Full set of chromosomes
-Somatic Cell: body cells
Ex: skin, liver, zygote
I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome
                  5 Key Points
E. Chromosomes have the ability to
REPLICATE or COPY ITSELF
 Once DNA copies itself, it will contain an
  identical half

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Cell reproduction

  • 1. Notes: Life of a Cell Part 1: Understanding the Chromosome
  • 2. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points A. Found in the NUCLEUS of the cell
  • 3. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points B. Composed of 1 very large, compacted, TIGHTLY COILED strand of DNA 1. DNA name: DEOXYRIBOSE NUCLEIC ACID • Contains the HEREDITARY INFORMATION for the assembly of PROTEINS in the body that specifies cell structure and function
  • 4. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points 2. Built by repeating subunits or monomers called NUCLEOTIDES: 3 parts a. DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR b. PHOSPHATE GROUP c. NITROGEN BASES (A,T,C,G)
  • 5. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points Nitrogen Draw this and label it! DNA Nucleotide
  • 6. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points 3. GENE: a segment of DNA coding for a specific trait
  • 7. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points C. Chromosome appearance in the cell varies 1. LOOSELY coiled: dark mass 2. TIGHTLY coiled: extended threadlike strands  Can be seen during stages of cell division
  • 8.
  • 9. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points D. Chromosome number - Humans Chromosome # in Humans HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes Diploid = 46 Chromosomes -1/2 set of chromosomes -Full set of chromosomes -Gamete: sex cells -Somatic Cell: body cells -ex: sperm and egg Ex: skin, liver, zygote
  • 10. HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes -1/2 set of chromosomes -Gamete: sex cells -ex: sperm and egg
  • 11. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points D. Chromosome number - Humans Chromosome # in Humans HAPLOID = 23 Chromosomes Diploid = 46 Chromosomes -1/2 set of chromosomes -Full set of chromosomes -Gamete: sex cells -Somatic Cell: body cells -ex: sperm and egg Ex: skin, liver, zygote
  • 12. Diploid = 46 Chromosomes -Full set of chromosomes -Somatic Cell: body cells Ex: skin, liver, zygote
  • 13. I. Understanding DNA as a Chromosome 5 Key Points E. Chromosomes have the ability to REPLICATE or COPY ITSELF  Once DNA copies itself, it will contain an identical half