A review of the history of the Middle Ages originally created by Susan M. Pojer, Horace Greely H.S. Chappaqua, NY.

1. By: Susan M. Pojer
Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY

2. Periodization
Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250
Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500

3. Europe in the 6c

4. The Medieval Catholic Church
 filled the power vacuum left from the
collapse of the classical world.
 monasticism:
 St. Benedict – Benedictine Rule of
poverty, chastity, and obedience.
 provided schools for the children of
the upper class.
 inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war.
 libraries & scriptoria to copy books
and illuminate manuscripts.
 monks  missionaries to the
barbarians. [St. Patrick, St. Boniface]

5. The Power of the Medieval Church
 bishops and abbots played a large part in
the feudal system.
 the church controlled about 1/3 of the
land in Western Europe.
 tried to curb feudal warfare  only 40
days a year for combat.
 curb heresies  crusades; Inquisition
 tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to
the church.
 Peter’s Pence  1 penny per person
[paid by the peasants].

6. A Medieval Monk’s Day

7. A Medieval Monastery: The
Scriptorium

8. Illuminated Manuscripts

9. Romanesque Architectural Style
 Rounded Arches.
 Barrel vaults.
 Thick walls.
 Darker, simplistic interiors.
 Small windows, usually at the top of the wall.

10. Charlemagne: 742 to 814

11. Charlemagne’s Empire

12. Pope Crowned Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

13. The Rise of European Monarchies:
England

14. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses:
Treaty of Verdun, 843

15. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social
system based on loyalty and
military service.

16. Carcassonne: A Medieval Castle

17. Parts of a Medieval Castle

18. The Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
SQUIRE
PAGE

19. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and
Behavior

20. The Medieval Manor

21. Life on the Medieval Manor
Serfs at work

23. William the Conqueror:
Battle of Hastings, 1066
(Bayeaux Tapestry)

24. Evolution of England’s Political
System
 Henry I:
 William’s son.
 set up a court system.
 Exchequer  dept. of royal finances.
 Henry II:
 established the principle of common law
throughout the kingdom.
 grand jury.
 trial by jury.

25. Evolution of England’s Political
System
 Henry I:
 William’s son.
 set up a court system.
 Exchequer  dept. of royal finances.
 Henry II:
 established the principle of common law
throughout the kingdom.
 grand jury.
 trial by jury.

26. Magna Carta, 1215
 King John I
 Runnymeade
 “Great Charter”
 monarchs were not
above the law.
 kings had to
consult a council of
advisors.
 kings could not tax
arbitrarily.

27. The Beginnings of the British
Parliament
 Great Council:
 middle class merchants, townspeople
[burgesses in Eng., bourgeoisie in Fr.,
burghers in Ger.] were added at the
end of the 13c.
 eventually called Parliament.
 by 1400, two chambers evolved:
o House of Lords  nobles & clergy.
o House of Commons  knights and
burgesses.

28. The Rise of European Monarchies:
France

29. Gothic Architectural Style
 Pointed arches.
 High, narrow
vaults.
 Thinner walls.
 Flying buttresses.
 Elaborate, ornate,
“Flying” Buttresses
airier interiors.
 Stained-glass windows.

30. Setting Out on Crusade

31. Christian Crusades: East and West

32. Late Medieval Town Dwellings

33. Medieval Trade

34. Medieval Guilds
Guild
Hall
 Commercial Monopoly:
 Controlled membership
apprentice  journeyman  master craftsman
 Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece].
 Controlled prices