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Automa'ng	
  Life	
  in	
  the	
  Cloud	
  


                Joshua	
  Buss	
  &	
  Ma+hew	
  Kemp	
  
Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                     prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          2	
  
There	
  are	
  no	
  Silver	
  Bullets	
  
(but	
  if	
  you	
  find	
  one	
  let	
  us	
  know)	
  




                           Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                                prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          3	
  
Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                     prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          4	
  
Virtual	
  Machines	
  
Designing	
  for	
  the	
  Cloud	
  

Have	
  to	
  go	
  with	
  what	
  
cloud	
  provider	
  offers.	
  
	
  
Not	
  always	
  ideal	
  for	
  every	
  
workload.	
  




                       Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                            prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          5	
  
Scalability	
  
Designing	
  for	
  the	
  Cloud	
  

                                                                                                        Focus	
  on	
  scaling	
  
                                                                                                        applica5ons	
  horizontally.	
  




                       Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                            prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          6	
  
Service	
  Oriented	
  Architecture	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

Wikipedia	
  Defini5on:	
  
SOA	
  as	
  an	
  architecture	
  relies	
  on	
  service-­‐orienta3on	
  as	
  its	
  
fundamental	
  design	
  principle.	
  If	
  a	
  service	
  presents	
  a	
  simple	
  
interface	
  that	
  abstracts	
  away	
  its	
  underlying	
  complexity,	
  users	
  
can	
  access	
  independent	
  services	
  without	
  knowledge	
  of	
  the	
  
service's	
  plaBorm	
  implementa3on.	
  
	
  
Layman’s	
  terms:	
  
A	
  complex	
  system	
  is	
  broken	
  into	
  simple	
  components	
  that	
  are	
  
able	
  to	
  interact	
  with	
  each	
  other	
  (and	
  possibly	
  outside	
  sources).	
  

                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          7	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Services	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  




                       tagserve	
                                                                                 datahub	
  




                                                                                                                database	
  



                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          8	
  
Service	
  Division	
  of	
  Labor	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

                                                                                                     When	
  should	
  you	
  split	
  
                                                                                                     services	
  up?	
  




                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          9	
  
Backwards	
  Compa5bility	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

Changes	
  need	
  to	
  be	
  allowed,	
  but	
  compa5bility	
  needs	
  to	
  
be	
  maintained.	
  
	
  




                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          10	
  
Asynchronous	
  vs	
  Synchronous	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

Dependent	
  on	
  needs	
  of	
  
business,	
  SLAs	
  and	
  
technology.	
  
	
  
Can	
  introduce	
  more	
  
complexity	
  and	
  moving	
  
pieces.	
  




                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          11	
  
Failures	
  Happen	
  
Cloud	
  Design	
  

Some5mes	
  the	
  failures	
  are	
  outside	
  your	
  control.	
  




                      Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                           prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          12	
  
Design	
  for	
  Failure	
  
Cloud	
  Design	
  

Keep	
  failures	
  self	
  
contained.	
  




                      Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                           prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          13	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Redundancy	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

Run	
  a	
  full	
  stack	
  in	
  each	
  region.	
  


            tagserve	
                                                                            datahub	
  
             tagserve	
                                                                            datahub	
  




                                                                                                database	
  
                                                                                                 database	
  

                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          14	
  
Inter-­‐Region	
  Communica5on	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

                                                                                                    Need	
  some	
  data	
  available	
  
                                                                                                    in	
  all	
  regions,	
  but	
  keep	
  
                                                                                                    inter-­‐region	
  
                                                                                                    communica5on	
  to	
  a	
  
                                                                                                    minimum.	
  
                                                                                                    	
  




                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          15	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Cassandra	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

                           East                                                                                                                     West




           cassandra04	
               cassandra01	
                                                                          cassandra04	
                        cassandra01	
  
            [192-­‐255]	
                 [0-­‐63]	
                                                                            [193-­‐0]	
                           [1-­‐64]	
  



           cassandra03	
               cassandra02	
                                                                          cassandra03	
                        cassandra02	
  
            [128-­‐191]	
                [64-­‐127]	
                                                                          [129-­‐192]	
                         [65-­‐128]	
  




                                                                         Key hashes to 157
                                                                         Writes go here



                     Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                          prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          16	
  
Run5me	
  Controls	
  
Applica5on	
  Design	
  

Provide	
  mul5ple	
  modes	
  of	
  
opera5on.	
  




                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          17	
  
Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                     prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          18	
  
Smooth	
  Code	
  Pushes	
  
Deployment	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          19	
  
Mirror	
  Environment	
  Cutover	
  
Deployment	
  

                                                                                                    Easy	
  migra5ons	
  and	
  
                                                                                                    upgrade	
  path.	
  

                                                                                                    Can	
  be	
  more	
  expensive.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          20	
  
Rolling	
  Deploy	
  
Deployment	
  

  More	
  complicated	
  
  migra5ons	
  and	
  upgrades.	
  
  	
  
  Longer	
  deploy	
  window.	
  
  	
  
  Usually	
  cheaper.	
  
	
  



                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          21	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Fabric	
  Rolling	
  Deploy	
  
Deployment	
  

	
  
for	
  region	
  in	
  regions:	
  
	
  	
  for	
  app	
  in	
  apps:	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  for	
  server	
  in	
  region:	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  if	
  app	
  on	
  server:	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  maintenance	
  app	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  scp	
  new	
  code	
  to	
  <d_tag>	
  dir	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  symlink	
  app/current	
  to	
  app/<d_tag>	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  restart	
  app	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  wait	
  for	
  healthy	
  




                  Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                       prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          22	
  
Fabric	
  vs	
  Puppet	
  
Deployment	
  

  Fabric	
  is	
  push,	
  puppet	
  is	
  pull.	
  
  	
  
  Businesses	
  don't	
  move	
  as	
  fast	
  as	
  infrastructure	
  changes,	
  
  but	
  configs	
  have	
  to	
  stay	
  up	
  to	
  date	
  all	
  the	
  5me.	
  


(/etc/hosts)	
  (systempoller.py)	
  (mashed_potatoes.env)	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  (dataserver.war)	
  

puppet	
  =====================================	
  fabric	
  
(real-­‐time	
  up-­‐to-­‐date)	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  (moderately	
  up-­‐to-­‐date)	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  (weekly)	
  

	
  

                                Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                                     prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          23	
  
Consistency	
  >	
  *	
  
Puppet	
  

Need	
  a	
  rock-­‐solid	
  founda5on	
  to	
  deploy	
  onto.	
  




              Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                   prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          24	
  
Single	
  Puppet	
  Master	
  
Puppet	
  

Set	
  environment	
  per-­‐instance:	
  /etc/puppet/
puppet.conf	
  
	
  
Symlink	
  /etc/puppet/environments/	
  on	
  master	
  to	
  
various	
  folders	
  with	
  read/write	
  access	
  by	
  our	
  main	
  
user.	
  
	
  
$	
  cd	
  /etc/puppet/environments	
  
$	
  sudo	
  ln	
  –s	
  ~/src/puppet/prod_stable	
  
$	
  sudo	
  ln	
  –s	
  ~/src/puppet/stage_stable	
  
$	
  sudo	
  ln	
  –s	
  ~/src/puppet/dev_test	
  
	
  

              Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                   prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          25	
  
Source	
  Controlled	
  Puppet	
  Configs	
  
Puppet	
  

                                                                                                Each	
  environment	
  has	
  its	
  
                                                                                                own	
  branch.	
  
                                                                                                	
  
                                                                                                Make	
  a	
  new	
  branch	
  for	
  
                                                                                                every	
  new	
  feature.	
  
                                                                                                	
  
                                                                                                Merge	
  into	
  a	
  test	
  branch	
  
                                                                                                to	
  test.	
  
                                                                                                	
  
                                                                                                Merge	
  into	
  stable.	
  
                                                                                              	
  
             Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                  prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          26	
  
Confidential, Property of BrightTag, Inc. Not to be disclosed, reproduced, or distributed without
  BrightTag, Inc.'s prior written authorization. © 2011 BrightTag, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
What	
  is	
  Zerg?	
  
Management	
  




                                                                        +	
                                                                         =	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          28	
  
How	
  to	
  Reach	
  Servers?	
  
Management	
  

DNS	
  vs	
  /etc/hosts	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          29	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  /etc/hosts	
  
Management	
  
$	
  curl	
  –s	
  'http://zerg/etchosts/us-­‐west-­‐1'	
  
	
  
#	
  The	
  following	
  lines	
  are	
  desirable	
  for	
  IPv6	
  capable	
  hosts"	
  
::1	
  ip6-­‐localhost	
  ip6-­‐loopback	
  
fe00::0	
  ip6-­‐localnet	
  
ff00::0	
  ip6-­‐mcastprefix	
  
ff02::1	
  ip6-­‐allnodes	
  
ff02::2	
  ip6-­‐allrouters	
  
ff02::3	
  ip6-­‐allhosts	
  

10.0.0.10	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server01	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.123	
  
10.0.0.11	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server02	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.124	
  
10.0.0.12	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server03	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.125	
  
10.0.0.13	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server04	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.126	
  
10.0.0.14	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server05	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.127	
  
10.0.0.15	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server06	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  #	
  External:	
  123.123.123.128	
  


                         Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                              prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          30	
  
Instance	
  Crea5on	
  
Management	
  

                                                                                                    Amazon	
  API	
  is	
  easy	
  
                                                                                                                   ...	
  but	
  just	
  crea5ng	
  the	
  
                                                                                                                   instance	
  is	
  10%	
  of	
  the	
  work	
  
                                                                                                  	
  
                                                                                                    Gesng	
  the	
  right	
  sotware.	
  
                                                                                                  	
  
                                                                                                    Surviving	
  internal	
  API	
  
                                                                                                    failures.	
  
                                                                                                  	
  
                                                                                                    Staying	
  hos5ng	
  provider	
  
                                                                                                    agnos5c.	
  
                                                                                                  	
  
                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          31	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Instance	
  Crea5on	
  
Management	
  
ROLE_MAPPING	
  =	
  {	
  
	
  	
  "stage"	
  :	
  {	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  "supercloud"	
  :	
  {	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "ops"	
  :	
  ["zerg"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "awesome"	
  :	
  ["awesome",	
  "haproxy_awesome"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "shabang"	
  :	
  ["shabang",	
  "mashed_potatoes",	
  "haproxy_shabang"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "whistles"	
  :	
  ["gowhooo",	
  "shabang",	
  "thehardproblem",	
  "redis"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "data"	
  :	
  ["dataserver",	
  "dataleaf"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "nosql"	
  :	
  ["itshards",	
  "devnull"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "lb"	
  :	
  ["haproxy"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "redis"	
  :	
  ["redis"],	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  "graph"	
  :	
  ["graphite",	
  "tattle"]	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  },	
  
	
  	
  "prod"	
  :	
  {	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  "evenmoresupercloud"	
  :	
  {	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  ...	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  }	
  
	
  	
  }	
  
}	
  


                     Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                          prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          32	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Instance	
  Configura5on	
  
Management	
  

/etc/instanceinfo	
  filled	
  out	
  with	
  values	
  based	
  on	
  Zerg's	
  
defini5ons:	
  
 §  hostname	
  
 §  environment	
  
 §  region	
  
 §  roles	
  
 §  where's	
  my	
  local	
  zerg	
  server?	
  
 §  where's	
  my	
  local	
  graphite	
  server?	
  
 §  cloud	
  meta	
  info	
  


                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          33	
  
Loadbalancer	
  Configura5on	
  
Management	
  

  Update	
  5ming	
  tricky	
  to	
  get	
  
  right.	
  
  	
  
  Too	
  important	
  to	
  leave	
  
  completely	
  autonomous.	
  
	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          34	
  
HAProxy	
  Configura5on	
  Workflow	
  
  Management	
  

                                                                 Zerg	
  
                                                             (genera5on)	
  


                    Git	
  (ops)	
                                                                                Script	
  
                                                                                                                (human)	
  
   Large	
  
changes	
  to	
  
templates	
                                                                                                                                            Git	
  (puppet)	
  
 (human)	
  




                                                                                                                  Server	
                                    Server	
                Server	
  




                    Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                         prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                                       35	
  
Applica5on	
  Descrip5ons	
  
Management	
  
APP_DEFS	
  :	
  {	
  
	
  	
  "zerg"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  19999,	
  "resource":	
  "/zerghealth"}},	
  
	
  	
  "awesome"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20000,	
  "resource":	
  "/ahc"}	
  },	
  
	
  	
  "haproxy_awesome"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20001,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "shabang"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20002,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "mashed_potatoes"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20003,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "haproxy_shabang"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20004,	
  "resource":	
  "/hc"}},	
  
	
  	
  "gowhooo"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20005,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "thehardproblem"	
  :	
  {"type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20006,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "redis"	
  :	
  {	
  "type":	
  "tcp",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20007,	
  "resource":	
  "/rhc"}},	
  
	
  	
  "dataserver"	
  :	
  {	
  "type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20008,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "itshards"	
  :	
  {	
  "type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  20009,	
  "resource":	
  "/"}},	
  
	
  	
  "devnull"	
  :	
  {	
  "type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  200010,	
  "resource":	
  "/hc"}},	
  
	
  	
  "graphite"	
  :	
  {	
  "type":	
  "http",	
  "healthcheck":	
  {"port":	
  80,	
  "resource":	
  "/composer"}}	
  
}	
  




                       Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                            prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          36	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  HAProxy	
  Configura5on	
  
Management	
  
$	
  curl	
  -­‐s	
  'http://zerg/haproxy/<env>/<region>/<service>'	
  
	
  
global	
  
               	
  log	
  127.0.0.1	
  local0	
  
               	
  log	
  127.0.0.1	
  local1	
  notice	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  stats	
  socket	
  /tmp/haproxy	
  
               	
  blah	
  blah	
  
	
  
defaults	
  
               	
  log 	
  global	
  
               	
  mode	
  http	
  
               	
  blah	
  blah	
  
	
  
frontend	
  mashedpotatoes_vip	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  bind	
  *:30000	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  default_backend	
  data	
  
	
  
backend	
  mashedpotatoes	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  blah	
  blah	
  options	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server	
  shabang01	
  10.0.0.30:30001	
  check	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  server	
  shabang02	
  10.0.0.31:30001	
  check	
  



                     Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                          prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          37	
  
The	
  Manual	
  Step	
  
Management	
  
$	
  ./update_haproxy.sh	
  <env>	
  <region>	
  <service>	
  
	
  
**	
  Git	
  is	
  clean	
  and	
  in	
  sync	
  with	
  origin..	
  now	
  waiting	
  for	
  zerg	
  http	
  response..	
  
[prod_stable	
  f4qijo]	
  [puppetry]	
  Haproxy	
  Auto-­‐Commit	
  for	
  <env>	
  <region>	
  <service>	
  
	
  1	
  files	
  changed,	
  2	
  insertions(+),	
  2	
  deletions(-­‐)	
  
**	
  Template	
  pulled	
  and	
  committed	
  
**	
  Here	
  is	
  the	
  diff	
  from	
  origin	
  to	
  the	
  new	
  version:	
  
diff	
  -­‐-­‐git	
  a/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_<env>_<region>_<service>_cfg.erb	
  	
  
b/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_<env>_<region>_<service>_cfg.erb	
  
-­‐-­‐-­‐	
  a/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_prod_us-­‐east-­‐1_tagserve_cfg.erb	
  
+++	
  b/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_prod_us-­‐east-­‐1_tagserve_cfg.erb	
  
-­‐	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  oldyuckyserver01	
  
-­‐	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  oldyuckyserver02	
  
+	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  fastwonderfulnewserver01	
  
+	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  fastwonderfulnewserver02	
  
**	
  Do	
  you	
  want	
  to	
  push	
  this	
  change?	
  (y/n)	
  y	
  
blah	
  blah	
  successful	
  git	
  push	
  message	
  
**	
  Commit	
  successfully	
  pushed	
  to	
  origin	
  
**	
  All	
  done!	
  




                        Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                             prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          38	
  
Trust	
  is	
  a	
  Luxury	
  
Best	
  Prac5ces	
  




                       Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                            prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          39	
  
Uniform	
  Environments	
  
Best	
  Prac5ces	
  




                       Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                            prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          40	
  
Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                     prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          41	
  
Why	
  monitor?	
  
Monitoring	
  

How	
  do	
  you	
  know	
  what's	
  going	
  on?	
  
	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          42	
  
What	
  to	
  monitor?	
  
Monitoring	
  

Iden5fy	
  metrics	
  that	
  act	
  as	
  
signals.	
  
	
  
Add	
  alerts	
  ater	
  every	
  
incident.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          43	
  
Data	
  Collec5on	
  
Monitoring	
  

Need	
  system	
  level	
  metrics	
  
and	
  applica5on	
  metrics	
  to	
  
get	
  full	
  picture.	
  
	
  
Everything	
  is	
  in	
  a	
  different	
  
format.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          44	
  
Case	
  Study:	
  Metric	
  Polling	
  at	
  BrightTag	
  
Monitoring	
  



                                                                             datahub	
  
                                                                             datahub	
  
                                                                              redis	
  
                 tagserve	
                                                   redis	
  
                 tagserve	
                                                  mpoller	
                                                      cassandra	
  
                 haproxy	
                                                                                                                  cassandra	
  
                 haproxy	
                                                                                                                   mpoller	
  
                 mpoller	
  
                                                                               graphite	
  
                                                                               graphite	
  
                                                                                carbon	
  
                                                                                carbon	
  
                                                                               mpoller	
  

                   Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                        prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          45	
  
Graphite	
  
Monitoring	
  

                                                                                                  Storage	
  of	
  historical	
  
                                                                                                  metrics	
  allows	
  for	
  trending	
  
                                                                                                  and	
  comparisons.	
  
                                                                                                  	
  
                                                                                                  Aggrega5on	
  is	
  performed	
  
                                                                                                  on	
  data	
  retrieval	
  via	
  the	
  
                                                                                                  webapp.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          46	
  
Branches	
  and	
  Leaves	
  
Monitoring	
  

Expose	
  a	
  "metrics"	
  service	
  
per	
  region.	
  
	
  
Enables	
  a	
  flexible	
  
topology.	
  
	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          47	
  
Real5me	
  Numbers	
  Across	
  Regions	
  
Monitoring	
  

Requests are farmed out to each metrics service.




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          48	
  
Visualiza5on	
  
Monitoring	
  

Different	
  visualiza5ons	
  tell	
  you	
  different	
  things.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          49	
  
Red-­‐Yellow-­‐Green	
  
Monitoring	
  

Dashboards	
  provide	
  at-­‐a-­‐glance	
  high	
  level	
  overviews.	
  




                 Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                                      prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          50	
  
Ques5ons?	
  




        Confiden5al,	
  Property	
  of	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  Not	
  to	
  be	
  disclosed,	
  reproduced,	
  or	
  distributed	
  without	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.'s	
  
                             prior	
  wri+en	
  authoriza5on.	
  	
  	
  ©	
  2011	
  BrightTag,	
  Inc.	
  	
  All	
  Rights	
  Reserved.	
  	
                          51	
  

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Automating Life in the Cloud - PuppetCamp Chicago '12

  • 1. Automa'ng  Life  in  the  Cloud   Joshua  Buss  &  Ma+hew  Kemp  
  • 2. Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     2  
  • 3. There  are  no  Silver  Bullets   (but  if  you  find  one  let  us  know)   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     3  
  • 4. Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     4  
  • 5. Virtual  Machines   Designing  for  the  Cloud   Have  to  go  with  what   cloud  provider  offers.     Not  always  ideal  for  every   workload.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     5  
  • 6. Scalability   Designing  for  the  Cloud   Focus  on  scaling   applica5ons  horizontally.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     6  
  • 7. Service  Oriented  Architecture   Applica5on  Design   Wikipedia  Defini5on:   SOA  as  an  architecture  relies  on  service-­‐orienta3on  as  its   fundamental  design  principle.  If  a  service  presents  a  simple   interface  that  abstracts  away  its  underlying  complexity,  users   can  access  independent  services  without  knowledge  of  the   service's  plaBorm  implementa3on.     Layman’s  terms:   A  complex  system  is  broken  into  simple  components  that  are   able  to  interact  with  each  other  (and  possibly  outside  sources).   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     7  
  • 8. Case  Study:  Services   Applica5on  Design   tagserve   datahub   database   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     8  
  • 9. Service  Division  of  Labor   Applica5on  Design   When  should  you  split   services  up?   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     9  
  • 10. Backwards  Compa5bility   Applica5on  Design   Changes  need  to  be  allowed,  but  compa5bility  needs  to   be  maintained.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     10  
  • 11. Asynchronous  vs  Synchronous   Applica5on  Design   Dependent  on  needs  of   business,  SLAs  and   technology.     Can  introduce  more   complexity  and  moving   pieces.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     11  
  • 12. Failures  Happen   Cloud  Design   Some5mes  the  failures  are  outside  your  control.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     12  
  • 13. Design  for  Failure   Cloud  Design   Keep  failures  self   contained.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     13  
  • 14. Case  Study:  Redundancy   Applica5on  Design   Run  a  full  stack  in  each  region.   tagserve   datahub   tagserve   datahub   database   database   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     14  
  • 15. Inter-­‐Region  Communica5on   Applica5on  Design   Need  some  data  available   in  all  regions,  but  keep   inter-­‐region   communica5on  to  a   minimum.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     15  
  • 16. Case  Study:  Cassandra   Applica5on  Design   East West cassandra04   cassandra01   cassandra04   cassandra01   [192-­‐255]   [0-­‐63]   [193-­‐0]   [1-­‐64]   cassandra03   cassandra02   cassandra03   cassandra02   [128-­‐191]   [64-­‐127]   [129-­‐192]   [65-­‐128]   Key hashes to 157 Writes go here Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     16  
  • 17. Run5me  Controls   Applica5on  Design   Provide  mul5ple  modes  of   opera5on.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     17  
  • 18. Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     18  
  • 19. Smooth  Code  Pushes   Deployment   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     19  
  • 20. Mirror  Environment  Cutover   Deployment   Easy  migra5ons  and   upgrade  path.   Can  be  more  expensive.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     20  
  • 21. Rolling  Deploy   Deployment   More  complicated   migra5ons  and  upgrades.     Longer  deploy  window.     Usually  cheaper.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     21  
  • 22. Case  Study:  Fabric  Rolling  Deploy   Deployment     for  region  in  regions:      for  app  in  apps:          for  server  in  region:              if  app  on  server:                  maintenance  app                  scp  new  code  to  <d_tag>  dir                  symlink  app/current  to  app/<d_tag>                  restart  app                  wait  for  healthy   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     22  
  • 23. Fabric  vs  Puppet   Deployment   Fabric  is  push,  puppet  is  pull.     Businesses  don't  move  as  fast  as  infrastructure  changes,   but  configs  have  to  stay  up  to  date  all  the  5me.   (/etc/hosts)  (systempoller.py)  (mashed_potatoes.env)                        (dataserver.war)   puppet  =====================================  fabric   (real-­‐time  up-­‐to-­‐date)                  (moderately  up-­‐to-­‐date)                                    (weekly)     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     23  
  • 24. Consistency  >  *   Puppet   Need  a  rock-­‐solid  founda5on  to  deploy  onto.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     24  
  • 25. Single  Puppet  Master   Puppet   Set  environment  per-­‐instance:  /etc/puppet/ puppet.conf     Symlink  /etc/puppet/environments/  on  master  to   various  folders  with  read/write  access  by  our  main   user.     $  cd  /etc/puppet/environments   $  sudo  ln  –s  ~/src/puppet/prod_stable   $  sudo  ln  –s  ~/src/puppet/stage_stable   $  sudo  ln  –s  ~/src/puppet/dev_test     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     25  
  • 26. Source  Controlled  Puppet  Configs   Puppet   Each  environment  has  its   own  branch.     Make  a  new  branch  for   every  new  feature.     Merge  into  a  test  branch   to  test.     Merge  into  stable.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     26  
  • 27. Confidential, Property of BrightTag, Inc. Not to be disclosed, reproduced, or distributed without BrightTag, Inc.'s prior written authorization. © 2011 BrightTag, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
  • 28. What  is  Zerg?   Management   +   =   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     28  
  • 29. How  to  Reach  Servers?   Management   DNS  vs  /etc/hosts   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     29  
  • 30. Case  Study:  /etc/hosts   Management   $  curl  –s  'http://zerg/etchosts/us-­‐west-­‐1'     #  The  following  lines  are  desirable  for  IPv6  capable  hosts"   ::1  ip6-­‐localhost  ip6-­‐loopback   fe00::0  ip6-­‐localnet   ff00::0  ip6-­‐mcastprefix   ff02::1  ip6-­‐allnodes   ff02::2  ip6-­‐allrouters   ff02::3  ip6-­‐allhosts   10.0.0.10                  server01                        #  External:  123.123.123.123   10.0.0.11                  server02                        #  External:  123.123.123.124   10.0.0.12                  server03                        #  External:  123.123.123.125   10.0.0.13                  server04                        #  External:  123.123.123.126   10.0.0.14                  server05                        #  External:  123.123.123.127   10.0.0.15                  server06                        #  External:  123.123.123.128   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     30  
  • 31. Instance  Crea5on   Management   Amazon  API  is  easy   ...  but  just  crea5ng  the   instance  is  10%  of  the  work     Gesng  the  right  sotware.     Surviving  internal  API   failures.     Staying  hos5ng  provider   agnos5c.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     31  
  • 32. Case  Study:  Instance  Crea5on   Management   ROLE_MAPPING  =  {      "stage"  :  {          "supercloud"  :  {                  "ops"  :  ["zerg"],                  "awesome"  :  ["awesome",  "haproxy_awesome"],                  "shabang"  :  ["shabang",  "mashed_potatoes",  "haproxy_shabang"],                  "whistles"  :  ["gowhooo",  "shabang",  "thehardproblem",  "redis"],                  "data"  :  ["dataserver",  "dataleaf"],                  "nosql"  :  ["itshards",  "devnull"],                  "lb"  :  ["haproxy"],                  "redis"  :  ["redis"],                  "graph"  :  ["graphite",  "tattle"]          },      "prod"  :  {          "evenmoresupercloud"  :  {                  ...          }      }   }   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     32  
  • 33. Case  Study:  Instance  Configura5on   Management   /etc/instanceinfo  filled  out  with  values  based  on  Zerg's   defini5ons:   §  hostname   §  environment   §  region   §  roles   §  where's  my  local  zerg  server?   §  where's  my  local  graphite  server?   §  cloud  meta  info   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     33  
  • 34. Loadbalancer  Configura5on   Management   Update  5ming  tricky  to  get   right.     Too  important  to  leave   completely  autonomous.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     34  
  • 35. HAProxy  Configura5on  Workflow   Management   Zerg   (genera5on)   Git  (ops)   Script   (human)   Large   changes  to   templates   Git  (puppet)   (human)   Server   Server   Server   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     35  
  • 36. Applica5on  Descrip5ons   Management   APP_DEFS  :  {      "zerg"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  19999,  "resource":  "/zerghealth"}},      "awesome"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20000,  "resource":  "/ahc"}  },      "haproxy_awesome"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20001,  "resource":  "/"}},      "shabang"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20002,  "resource":  "/"}},      "mashed_potatoes"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20003,  "resource":  "/"}},      "haproxy_shabang"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20004,  "resource":  "/hc"}},      "gowhooo"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20005,  "resource":  "/"}},      "thehardproblem"  :  {"type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20006,  "resource":  "/"}},      "redis"  :  {  "type":  "tcp",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20007,  "resource":  "/rhc"}},      "dataserver"  :  {  "type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20008,  "resource":  "/"}},      "itshards"  :  {  "type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  20009,  "resource":  "/"}},      "devnull"  :  {  "type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  200010,  "resource":  "/hc"}},      "graphite"  :  {  "type":  "http",  "healthcheck":  {"port":  80,  "resource":  "/composer"}}   }   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     36  
  • 37. Case  Study:  HAProxy  Configura5on   Management   $  curl  -­‐s  'http://zerg/haproxy/<env>/<region>/<service>'     global    log  127.0.0.1  local0    log  127.0.0.1  local1  notice                  stats  socket  /tmp/haproxy    blah  blah     defaults    log  global    mode  http    blah  blah     frontend  mashedpotatoes_vip                  bind  *:30000                  default_backend  data     backend  mashedpotatoes                  blah  blah  options                  server  shabang01  10.0.0.30:30001  check                  server  shabang02  10.0.0.31:30001  check   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     37  
  • 38. The  Manual  Step   Management   $  ./update_haproxy.sh  <env>  <region>  <service>     **  Git  is  clean  and  in  sync  with  origin..  now  waiting  for  zerg  http  response..   [prod_stable  f4qijo]  [puppetry]  Haproxy  Auto-­‐Commit  for  <env>  <region>  <service>    1  files  changed,  2  insertions(+),  2  deletions(-­‐)   **  Template  pulled  and  committed   **  Here  is  the  diff  from  origin  to  the  new  version:   diff  -­‐-­‐git  a/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_<env>_<region>_<service>_cfg.erb     b/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_<env>_<region>_<service>_cfg.erb   -­‐-­‐-­‐  a/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_prod_us-­‐east-­‐1_tagserve_cfg.erb   +++  b/modules/haproxy/templates/haproxy_prod_us-­‐east-­‐1_tagserve_cfg.erb   -­‐                oldyuckyserver01   -­‐                oldyuckyserver02   +                fastwonderfulnewserver01   +                fastwonderfulnewserver02   **  Do  you  want  to  push  this  change?  (y/n)  y   blah  blah  successful  git  push  message   **  Commit  successfully  pushed  to  origin   **  All  done!   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     38  
  • 39. Trust  is  a  Luxury   Best  Prac5ces   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     39  
  • 40. Uniform  Environments   Best  Prac5ces   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     40  
  • 41. Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     41  
  • 42. Why  monitor?   Monitoring   How  do  you  know  what's  going  on?     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     42  
  • 43. What  to  monitor?   Monitoring   Iden5fy  metrics  that  act  as   signals.     Add  alerts  ater  every   incident.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     43  
  • 44. Data  Collec5on   Monitoring   Need  system  level  metrics   and  applica5on  metrics  to   get  full  picture.     Everything  is  in  a  different   format.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     44  
  • 45. Case  Study:  Metric  Polling  at  BrightTag   Monitoring   datahub   datahub   redis   tagserve   redis   tagserve   mpoller   cassandra   haproxy   cassandra   haproxy   mpoller   mpoller   graphite   graphite   carbon   carbon   mpoller   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     45  
  • 46. Graphite   Monitoring   Storage  of  historical   metrics  allows  for  trending   and  comparisons.     Aggrega5on  is  performed   on  data  retrieval  via  the   webapp.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     46  
  • 47. Branches  and  Leaves   Monitoring   Expose  a  "metrics"  service   per  region.     Enables  a  flexible   topology.     Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     47  
  • 48. Real5me  Numbers  Across  Regions   Monitoring   Requests are farmed out to each metrics service. Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     48  
  • 49. Visualiza5on   Monitoring   Different  visualiza5ons  tell  you  different  things.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     49  
  • 50. Red-­‐Yellow-­‐Green   Monitoring   Dashboards  provide  at-­‐a-­‐glance  high  level  overviews.   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     50  
  • 51. Ques5ons?   Confiden5al,  Property  of  BrightTag,  Inc.  Not  to  be  disclosed,  reproduced,  or  distributed  without  BrightTag,  Inc.'s   prior  wri+en  authoriza5on.      ©  2011  BrightTag,  Inc.    All  Rights  Reserved.     51