Intelligent jammer

“INTELLIGENT JAMMER”
MINI PROJECT REPORT
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering of the University of Kerala.
Done By,
KIRAN SANKER (REG NO: 11419010)
PREJITH PAVANAN (REG NO: 11419013)
TONY GEORGE (REG NO:11419021)
VISHNU B S (REG NO:11419022)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
P.A AZIZ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
KARAKULAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
2014

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
P.A AZIZ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
KARAKULAM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
2014
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the mini project entitled “INTELLIGENT JAMMER” is a
bonafide record of project presented by PREJITH PAVANAN (REG NO:11419013)
under our guidence towards fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree
of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering of the
University of Kerala in the year 2014.
Project Guide Head of Department Project Guide
Mrs.ASWATHY.A Mr.JAGANATHAN.L.C Mrs.SINI JOSEPH
Asst.professor Professor Asst.professor
Dept.of AEI Dept. of ECE Dept.of AEI
PAACET PAACET PAACET
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Before we get to the thick of things, we present our wholehearted
complements, with higher regards and warm thanks to one and all, who were
the bone behind the sinews of this project.
We give all glory and honour to Almighty God whose blessings and help
made this endeavour a success.
We express our sincere gratitude to Mr.E.MOHAMMED THAHA,
Chairman P.A.AZIZ College of Engineering and Technology for providing us
the required facilities. We wish to express our sincere thanks to our Principal,
Mr.VIJAYAN BABURAJ for providing an opportunity to under take this
project. We hereby acknowledge our sincere thanks to Prof.JAGANATH.L.C,
our H.O.D for his invaluable remarks and supervision in completing this project
work successfully.
Also we would like to express our boundless thanks and gratitude to
Mrs.ASWATHY.A, Asst.professor and Mrs.SINI JOSEPH, Asst.professor in
AEI Dept for their valuable guidance and suggestions in the whole course of
our mini project activity.
It would be unfair if we do not mention the contribution and timely co-operation
extended by staff members of our dept.
We would like to thank our Institution without which this project would
have been a distant reality. We also extend our gratitude to our family and well
wishers.
Not the least, but the most ,we are grateful to all the 6th semester students
of this institution, our beloved companions for the inspiration and the co-operation
they have shown at all levels of our work.

ii
ABSTRACT
The ubiquity of the cell phone has made communication easier and faster,
integrating the world into a global village as people who are in different
geographic location are connected in seconds, it's great to be able to call anyone
at any time. There is great need to limit the use of cell phone at particular places
and at particular times. Hence, the use of intelligent cell phone detector is
guaranteed. This work concentrates in designing a system that will dictate the
presence of GSM signals from an unauthorized user in restricted areas which
will in turn trigger another device to restrict the user from service. The system
will be able to jam GSM frequency signal upon detection to prevent the
transmitted signal from getting to the users cell phone.

iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
ABSTRACT ii
LIST OF FIGURES v
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. CELL PHONE DETECTOR 2
1.2. CELL PHONE JAMMER 2
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM 4
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION 5
3.1. DETECTOR CIRCUIT 5
3.1.1. RF ANTENNA 5
3.1.2. CE AMPLIFIER 6
3.1.3. TIMER CIRCUIT 6
3.1.4. LED 7
3.2. JAMMER CIRCUIT 8
3.2.1. BATTERY 9
3.2.2. OSCILLATOR 9
3.2.3. TUNING CIRCUIT 11
3.2.4. NOISE GENERATOR 13
3.2.5. AMPLIFIER 14
3.2.6. ANTENNA 15
4. CIRUIT DIAGRAM 17
5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DISCRIPTION 18
5.1. DETECTOR DESCRIPTION 18
5.2. JAMMER DESCRIPTION 18
6. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 20

iv
6.1. NE 556 20
6.2. TRASNSISTOR 22
6.2.1. BC 548 23
6.2.2. 2SC3355 TRASISTOR 24
6.2.3. BFR96 24
6.3. RESISTOR 25
6.4. CAPACITOR 26
6.5. DIODES 27
7. LAYOUT 28
7.1. PCB LAYOUT 28
7.2. COMPONENT LAYOUT 30
8. PCB FABRICATION 32
9. SOLDERING 34
9.1. SOLDER 34
9.2. FLUX 35
9.3. SOLDERING IRON 35
9.4. SOLDERING STEPS 36
10. APPLICATIONS 37
11. ADVANTAGES 38
12. DISADVANTAGES 39
13. CONCLUSION 40
14. BIBILIOGRAPHY 41
15. DATASHEETS 42

v
LIST OF FIGURES
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO:
2.1. CELL PHONE JAMMER & 4
DETECTOR
2.2. CELL PHONE DETECTOR 4
2.3. CELL PHONE JAMMER 4
4.1. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF 17
CELL PHONE DETECTOR
4.2. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF 17
CELL PHONE JAMMER
6.1.1. NE555 20
6.2.0. TRANSISTOR 22
6.2.1.1. BC 548 23
6.2.2.1. 2SC3355 24
6.2.3.1. BFR96TS 24
6.3.1. RESISTORS 25
6.4.1. CAPACITORS 26
6.5.1. DIODE 27
7.1.1. PCB LAYOUT OF 28
CELL PHONE DETECTOR
7.1.2. PCB LAYOUT OF 29
CELL PHONE JAMMER
7.2.1. COMPONENT LAYOUT OF 30
CELL PHONE DETECTOR
7.2.2. COMPONENT LAYOUT OF 31
CELL PHONE JAMMER

MINIPROJECT INTELLIGENT JAMMER
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The rapid proliferation of cell phones at the beginning of the 21st century
to near ubiquitous status eventually raised problems such as their potential use
to invade privacy or contribute academic cheating. In addition public backlash
was growing against the intrusive disruption cell phones introduced in daily life.
While older analog cell phones often suffered from chronically poor reception
and could even be disconnected by simple interference such as high frequency
noise, increasingly sophisticated digital phones have led to more elaborate
counters. Intelligent Cell phone devices are alternative to more expensive
measures against denial of services by service providers. This work
concentrates in designing a system that will dictate the presence of GSM signals
from an unauthorized user in restricted areas which will in turn trigger another
device to restrict the user from service. The system will be able to jam GSM
frequency signal upon detection to prevent the transmitted signal from getting to
the users cell phone The Intelligent Cell phone detection project is an advanced
device which finds various applications in the modern fields of communication
and surveillances. This work is very useful for the private meetings,
examination hall, defence establishments, military camp, Hospitals; Petrol
pumps etc., where the uses of an active Cell phone Communication (GSM)
device are prohibited.
This objective is achieved by splitting the working of the device into two
parts-
1) Cell phone detection
2) Cell phone jamming
DEPARTMENT OF ECE, PAACET Page 1

1.1. Cell phone detector
As we told earlier there are two parts for this project it is a detection part
and a jammer part, the first part a.k.a detector is said to be an intelligent switch
of the jammer. The detector detects the radio wave emerging out from the cell
phone of about 800-900MHz range and it activates the circuit. The Cell phone
detection project is an advanced device which finds various applications in the
modern fields of communication and surveillances. Cell phone detection project
is designed to detect the cell phone in a closed room / place which is in active
transmission mode. This project is very useful for the private meetings, defence
establishments, military camp, Hospitals; Petrol pumps etc., where the uses of
an active Cell phone Communication (GSM) device are prohibited. With the aid
of this project, one can detect the active cell phone device like Cell Phone and
GPS systems. Here the Cell phone detection project can be used like a metal
detector and the project is capable of detecting the Cell phone like device from
the range of few centimetres to few inches depending upon the Cell phone
transmission strength and other parameters. Here the project is waved near the
person / place where the presence of a GSM device is to be detected.
1.2. Cell phone jammer
Cell phones work by communicating with a service network through the
utilization of cellular towers or base stations. Individual towers partition cities
into small sections called cells. As a cell phone user traverses the cells in an
area, the signal is passed from tower to tower.
Jamming devices take advantage of this fact by transmitting on the
spectrum of radio frequencies used by cellular devices. Through its concurrent
transmission, the jamming device is able to disrupt the two-way communication

between the phone and the base station. This form of a denial-of-service attack
inhibits all cellular communication within range of the device.
Through the transmission of a high power signal on the same frequency
of a cell phone, the jamming device creates a competing signal that collides
with, and, in effect, cancels out the cellular signal. Cell phones, which are
designed to increase power in the case of low levels of interference, react to this
interference. Consequently, jamming devices must be aware of any increases in
power by the cellular device and match that power level accordingly.
As cellular telephones are full-duplex devices utilizing two separate
frequencies (one for talking, one for listening, where all parties to a call can talk
at the same time as opposed to half-duplex walkie-talkies and CBs), any
removal of one of these frequencies tricks the phone into thinking there is no
cellular service. Consequently, the jammer need only block one of the
frequencies.
The less complex jammers can only block a specific frequency group
while the more complex jammers can block several different networks thus
preventing dual- or tri-mode phones from switching to a different network with
an open signal. Jammers are able to broadcast on any frequency and can
interrupt, GSM, UMTS etc. The effective range of a jammer is dependent upon
the strength of its power source and the immediate physical environment (hills
or walls which may block the jamming signal). Lower powered jammers have a
call-block range of about 2 feet while higher power units can create a cellular
signal-free zone about the size of a football field. In addition, certain units
applied by law enforcement have been known to shut down cellular service
approximately 1 mile from the jamming device.

CHAPTER 2
BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.1. Cell phone detector and jammer circuit.
2.2. Block diagram of Detector circuit
2.3. Block diagram of jammer circuit

CHAPTER 3
BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
The main purpose of the overall system is to disable or block cell phone
phones in the restricted area. As shown in Figure 1 the system is designed to
work as a Cell phone detector. It detects the RF signals from cell phone phones
and relay a signal to the trigger of the jamming circuit and this in turn blocks the
desired frequency (GSM 900, GSM1800)
3.1. Detector circuit
`The description is as follows.
1. RF antenna
2. CE amplifier
3. Timer circuit
4. LED
3.1.1. RF antenna
An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical device which converts power
into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or
radio. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating
at radio frequency (i.e. high frequency AC) to the antenna's terminals, and the
antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves (radio
waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an
electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is
applied to a receiver to be amplified.
Antennas are essential components of all equipment that uses radio. They
are used in systems such as radio broadcasting, broadcast television, two-way

radio, communications receivers, radar, cell phones, and satellite
communications, as well as other devices such as openers,
wireless, Bluetooth enabled devices, wireless computer networks etc.
3.1.2. CE amplifier
antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic (radio waves).
In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic
wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a
receiver to be amplified.
wireless, Bluetooth enabled devices, wireless computer networks etc.
3.1.3. Timer circuit
The 556 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer,
pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 556 can be used to provide
time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives provide up
to four timing circuits in one package.
Depending on the manufacturer, the standard 556 package includes
25 transistors, 2 diodes and 15 resistors on a silicon chip installed in an 8-pin
mini dual-in-line package (DIP-8). Variants available include the 556 (a 14-pin
DIP combining two 556s on one chip), and the two 558 & 559s (both a 16-pin

DIP combining four slightly modified 556s with DIS & THR connected
internally, and TR is falling edge sensitive instead of level sensitive).
The NE556 parts were commercial temperature range, 0 °C to +70 °C,
and the SE556 part number designated the military temperature range, −55 °C
to +125 °C. These were available in both high-reliability metal can (T package)
and inexpensive epoxy plastic (V package) packages. Thus the full part numbers
were NE556V, NE556T, SE556V, and SE556T. It has been hypothesized that
the 556 got its name from the three 5 kΩ resistors used within, but Hans
Camenzind has stated that the number was arbitrary
Low-power versions of the 556 are also available, such as the 7556 and
CMOS TLC556. The 7556 is designed to cause less supply noise than the
classic 556 and the manufacturer claims that it usually does not require a
"control" capacitor and in many cases does not require a decoupling
capacitor on the power supply. Those parts should generally be included,
however, because noise produced by the timer or variation in power supply
voltage might interfere with other parts of a circuit or influence its threshold
voltages.
3.1.4. LED
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source
that resembles a basic pn-junction diode, except that an LED also emits light.
When an LED's anode lead has a voltage that is more positive than its cathode
lead by at least the LED's forward voltage drop, current flows. Electrons are
able to recombine with holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of
photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the colour of the light
(corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band
gap of the semiconductor.

An LED is often small in area (less than 1 mm2), and integrated optical
components may be used to shape its radiation pattern.
Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs
emitted low-intensity infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still frequently used as
transmitting elements in remote-control circuits, such as those in remote
controls for a wide variety of consumer electronics. The first visible-light LEDs
were also of low intensity, and limited to red. Modern LEDs are available
across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high
brightness.
Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices,
replacing small incandescent bulbs. They were soon packaged into numeric
readouts in the form of seven-segment displays, and were commonly seen in
digital clocks.
3.2. Jammer circuit
The description is as follows.
1. Battery
2. Oscillator
3. Tuning circuit
4. Noise generator
5. Amplifier
6. Antenna

3.2.1. Battery
The most common form of nine-volt battery is commonly called
the transistor battery, introduced for the early transistor radios. This is a
rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and a polarized snap connector at
the top. This type is commonly used in pocket radios, smoke detectors, carbon
monoxide detectors, guitar effect units, electro-acoustic guitars and radio-controlled
vehicle controllers. They are also used as backup power to keep the
time in certain electronic clocks. This format is commonly available in primary
carbon-zinc and alkaline chemistry, in primary lithium iron disulfide, and in
rechargeable form in nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion.
Mercury oxide batteries in this form have not been manufactured in many years
due to their mercury content
Most nine-volt alkaline batteries are constructed of six individual 1.5V
LR61 cells enclosed in a wrapper.[2] These cells are slightly smaller than
LR8D425 AAAA cells and can be used in their place for some devices, even
though they are 3.5 mm shorter. Carbon-zinc types are made with six flat cells
in a stack, enclosed in a moisture-resistant wrapper to prevent drying
3.2.2. Oscillator
An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a repetitive,
oscillating electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave. Oscillators
convert direct current (DC) from a power supply to an alternating current signal.
They are widely used in many electronic devices. Common examples of signals
generated by oscillators include signals broadcast by radio and television
transmitters, clock signals that regulate computers and quartz clocks, and the
sounds produced by electronic beepers and video games.
Oscillators are often characterized by the frequency of their output signal:

 An audio oscillator produces frequencies in the audio range, about 16 Hz to
20 kHz.
 An RF oscillator produces signals in the radio frequency (RF) range of about
100 kHz to 100 GHz.
 A low-frequency oscillator (LFO) is an electronic oscillator that generates a
frequency below ≈20 Hz. This term is typically used in the field of
audio synthesizers, to distinguish it from an audio frequency oscillator.
Oscillators designed to produce a high-power AC output from a DC
supply are usually called inverters.
In an RC oscillator circuit, the filter is a network
of resistors and capacitors. RC oscillators are mostly used to generate lower
frequencies, for example in the audio range. Common types of RC oscillator
circuits are the phase shift oscillator and the Wien bridge oscillator.
 In an LC oscillator circuit, the filter is a tuned circuit (often called a tank
circuit; the tuned circuit is a resonator) consisting of an inductor (L)
and capacitor (C) connected together. Charge flows back and forth between
the capacitor's plates through the inductor, so the tuned circuit can store
electrical energy oscillating at its resonant frequency. There are small losses
in the tank circuit, but the amplifier compensates for those losses and
supplies the power for the output signal. LC oscillators are often used
at radio frequencies, when a tuneable frequency source is necessary, such as
in signal, tuneable radio transmitters and the local oscillators in radio
receivers. Typical LC oscillator circuits are
the Hartley, Colpitts and Clapp circuits.
 In a crystal oscillator circuit the filter is a piezoelectric crystal (commonly
a quartz crystal). The crystal mechanically vibrates as a resonator, and its
frequency of vibration determines the oscillation frequency. Crystals have

very high Q-factor and also better temperature stability than tuned circuits,
so crystal oscillators have much better frequency stability than LC or RC
oscillators. Crystal oscillators are the most common type of linear oscillator,
used to stabilize the frequency of most radio transmitters, and to generate
the clock signal in computers and quartz clocks. Crystal oscillators often use
the same circuits as LC oscillators, with the crystal replacing the tuned
circuit; the Pierce oscillator circuit is also commonly used. Quartz crystals
are generally limited to frequencies of 30 MHz or below. Surface acoustic
wave (SAW) devices are another kind of piezoelectric resonator used in
crystal oscillators, which can achieve much higher frequencies. They are
used in specialized applications which require a high frequency reference,
for example, in cellular telephones.
3.2.3. Tuning circuit
In electronics an LC circuit, also called a resonant circuit, tank circuit,
or tuned circuit, consists of two electronic components connected together;
an inductor, represented by the letter L, and a capacitor, represented by the letter
C. The circuit can act as an electrical resonator, an electrical analogue of
a tuning fork, storing energy oscillating at the circuit's resonant frequency.
LC circuits are used either for generating signals at a particular
frequency, or picking out a signal at a particular frequency from a more
complex signal. They are key components in many electronic devices,
particularly radio equipment, used in circuits such
as oscillators, filters, tuners and frequency mixers.
An LC circuit is an idealized model since it assumes there is no
dissipation of energy due to resistance. Any practical implementation of an LC
circuit will always include loss resulting from small but non-zero resistance

within the components and connecting wires. The purpose of an LC circuit is
usually to oscillate with minimal damping, so the resistance is made as low as
possible. While no practical circuit is without losses, it is nonetheless instructive
to study this ideal form of the circuit to gain understanding and physical
intuition
An LC circuit can store electrical energy oscillating at its resonant
frequency. See the animation at right. A capacitor stores energy in the electric
field (E) between its plates, depending on the voltage across it, and an inductor
stores energy in its magnetic (B), depending on the current through it.
If a charged capacitor is connected across an inductor, charge will start to
flow through the inductor, building up a magnetic field around it and reducing
the voltage on the capacitor. Eventually all the charge on the capacitor will be
gone and the voltage across it will reach zero. However, the current will
continue, because inductors resist changes in current. The energy to keep it
flowing is extracted from the magnetic field, which will begin to decline. The
current will begin to charge the capacitor with a voltage of opposite polarity to
its original charge. When the magnetic field is completely dissipated the current
will stop and the charge will again be stored in the capacitor, with the opposite
polarity as before. Then the cycle will begin again, with the current flowing in
the opposite direction through the inductor.
The charge flows back and forth between the plates of the capacitor,
through the inductor. The energy oscillates back and forth between the capacitor
and the inductor until (if not replenished by power from an external circuit)
internal resistance makes the oscillations die out. Its action, known
mathematically as a harmonic oscillator, is similar to a pendulum swinging back
and forth, or water sloshing back and forth in a tank. For this reason the circuit
is also called a tank circuit. The oscillation frequency is determined by the
capacitance and inductance values. In typical tuned circuits in electronic

equipment the oscillations are very fast, thousands to millions of times per
second.
3.2.4. Noise generator
In electronics, noise is a random fluctuation in an electrical signal, a
characteristic of all electronic circuits. Noise generated by electronic devices
varies greatly, as it can be produced by several different effects. Thermal
noise is unavoidable at non-zero temperature (see fluctuation-dissipation
theorem), while other types depend mostly on device type (such as shot
noise, which needs steep potential barrier) or manufacturing quality
and semiconductor defects, such as conductance fluctuations, including 1/f
noise.
In communication systems, noise is an error or undesired random
disturbance of a useful information signal in a communication channel. The
noise is a summation of unwanted or disturbing energy from natural and
sometimes man-made sources. Noise is, however, typically distinguished
from interference, (e.g. cross-talk, deliberate jamming or other
unwanted electromagnetic interference from specific transmitters), for example
in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and signal-to-
noise plus interference ratio (SNIR) measures. Noise is also typically
distinguished from distortion, which is an unwanted systematic alteration of the
signal waveform by the communication equipment, for example in the signal-to-
noise and distortion ratio (SINAD). In a carrier-modulated pass band analog
communication system, a certain carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the radio
receiver input would result in a certain signal in the detected message signal. In
a digital communications system, a certain Eb/N0 (normalized signal-to-noise
ratio) would result in a certain bit error rate (BER)
A Noise generator is a circuit that produces electrical noise (i.e., a
random signal). Noise generators are used to test signals for measuring noise

figure, frequency response, and other parameters. Noise generators are also used
for generating random numbers.
3.2.5. Amplifier
Low-noise amplifier (LNA) is an electronic amplifier used to amplify
possibly very weak signals (for example, captured by an antenna). It is usually
located very close to the detection device to reduce losses in the feed line.
This active antenna arrangement is frequently used in microwave systems
like GPS, because coaxial cable feed line is very lossy at microwave
frequencies, e.g. a loss of 10% coming from few meters of cable would cause a
10% degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
An LNA is a key component which is placed at the front-end of a radio
receiver circuit. Per Friis' formula, the overall noise figure (NF) of the
receiver's front-end is dominated by the first few stages (or even the first stage
only).
Using an LNA, the effect of noise from subsequent stages of the receive
chain is reduced by the gain of the LNA, while the noise of the LNA itself is
injected directly into the received signal. Thus, it is necessary for an LNA to
boost the desired signal power while adding as little noise and distortion as
possible, so that the retrieval of this signal is possible in the later stages in the
system. A good LNA has a low NF (e.g. 1 dB), a large enough gain (e.g. 20 dB)
and should have large enough intermodulation and compression point (IP3 and
P1dB). Further criteria are operating bandwidth, gain flatness, stability and
input and output voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).
For low noise, the amplifier needs to have a high amplification in its first
stage. Therefore JFETs and HEMTs are often used. They are driven in a high-current
regime, which is not energy-efficient, but reduces the relative amount

of shot noise. Input and output matching circuits for narrow-band circuits
enhance the gain
3.2.6. Antenna
antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic (radio waves).
In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic
wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a
receiver to be amplified.
wireless, Bluetooth enabled devices, networks, baby, and RFID tags on
merchandise.
Typically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors
(elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the
receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the
antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field around the
antenna elements, while the charge of the electrons also creates an
oscillating electric field along the elements. These time-varying fields radiate
away from the antenna into space as a moving transverse electromagnetic field
wave. Conversely, during reception, the oscillating electric and magnetic fields
of an incoming radio wave exert force on the electrons in the antenna elements,

causing them to move back and forth, creating oscillating currents in the
antenna.
Antennas may also include reflective or directive elements or surfaces not
connected to the transmitter or receiver, such as parasitic, parabolic
reflectors or horns, which serve to direct the radio waves into a beam or other
desired radiation pattern. Antennas can be designed to transmit or receive radio
waves in all directions equally (Omni directional antennas), or transmit them in
a beam in a particular direction, and receive from that one direction only
(directional or high gain antennas).

CHAPTER 4
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
4.1. Cell phone detector
4.2. Cell phone jammer circuit diagram

CHAPTER 5
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
5.1. Detector Description
Consider when a call is coming to our cell phone as when the call comes
there will be a radiation around the phone this radiation is just a typical
electromagnetic interference this interference or the EM wave triggers the
inductor in the circuit creating a potential at the base of the transistor
As when there is a voltage at the base of the transistor there will be a
potential produced at the collector terminal of the transistor BC548 this output
will triggers the pin 2 of the NE-556 IC as when the trigger is applied to the IC
there will be a pulse output at the pin3 of the transistor .
Here the supply voltage of the circuit is 1.5v when the interference is
caused at the base of the transistor it triggers the ic and the output obtained will
be a small voltage it adds up with the 1.5v supply and the led to glow and hence
the switch is made.
5.2. Jammer Description
This signal jammer uses 800MHz frequency to operate because many cell
phones are working on the same frequency. So choose the sweeping oscillator
asVCO.
The clock oscillator (45MHz) is driving a local oscillator port as my noise
source and is located on the mixer of the mini circuit. To equate the impedance
of a clock oscillator with the mixer there is an impedance matching network.
Local oscillator signal goes through this network and impedance is matched.
The 800MHz antenna from the old cell phone is connected to the RF

input (mixer port). The RF output then goes to the amplifier located on the mini
circuit. The amplifier will increase produced output by 15-16dbm of pure
power. The empowered signal is going to another old phone antenna.
The timer ic in the circuit provides an oscillation by a connecting to an
oscillator more specifically a LC oscillator whose output is fed to the noise
generator part. The noise generator part is the main part of a cell phone jammer
because it mixes with the signal creating debris which turns down the entire
signal on the surrounding. The output from the noise generator is then fed to an
amplifier to amplify the noise created in the circuit which is then fed to an
antenna connected to the collector terminal of the amplifier hence the signal of
the phones lying next to the apparatus is shut down

CHAPTER 6
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
6.1.NE 555
6.1.1. NE 555
The 555 timer integrated circuit (IC) has become a mainstay in
electronics design. A 555 timer will produce a pulse when a trigger signal is
applied to it. The pulse length is determined by charging then discharging a
capacitor connected to a 555 timer. A 555 timer can be used to debounce
switches, modulate signals, create accurate clock signals, create pulse width
modulated (PWM) signals, etc. A 555 timer can be obtained from various
manufacturers including Fairchild Semiconductor and National Semiconductor.

Pins of the 555 timer are as follows:
 Gnd Ground connection for chip
 Trigger 555 timer triggers when this pin transitions from voltage at Vcc
to 33% v voltage a Vcc. Output pin goes high when triggered
 Output pin of 555 timer
 Reset Resets 555 timer when low
 Vcc 5V to 15 V supply input
 Discharge Used to discharge a capacitor
 Threshold Used to detect when the capacitor has charged. The Output pin
goes low w when capacitor has charged to 66.6% of Vcc.
 Control Voltage Used to change Threshold and Trigger set point voltages
and is rarely used

6.2. TRANSISTOR
6.2.0. Transistor symbol
A transistor is a semiconductor device used
to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed
of semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an
external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's
terminals changes the current through another pair of terminals. Because the
controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a
transistor can amplify a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged
individually, but many more are found embedded in integrated circuits.
The transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic
devices, and is ubiquitous in modern electronic systems. The transistor
revolutionized the field of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and
cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things.
In any switching circuit, values of input voltage would be chosen such
that the output is either completely off or completely on. The transistor is acting
as a switch, and this type of operation is common in digital circuits where only
"on" and "off" values are relevant.

6.2.1. BC 548
6.2.1.1. BC 548
The BC548 is a general purpose epitaxial silicon NPN transistor found
commonly in European electronic equipment, and part of an historically
significant series of transistors that began in 1966 with Philips' introduction of
theBC108 and its high-voltage BC107 and low-noise BC109 variants. The
BC107/8/9 devices became the most used transistors in Australia and Europe,
and subsequent members of the series in plastic packages (such as
the BC547, BC548and BC549) retained the specifications of the metal-cased
BC107/8/9 essentially unchanged except for improvements - in thermal
resistance and reliability for example.
The part number is assigned by Pro Electron, which allows many
manufacturers to offer electrically and physically interchangeable parts under
one identification. The BC548 is commonly available in European Union
countries.
The pin out for the TO-92 package used for the BC546 to BC560 has pin
1 attached to the collector, pin 2 connected to the base, and pin 3 connected to
the emitter. Note that not all transistors with TO-92 cases follow this pin out
arrangement.

6.2.2. 2SC3355
6.2.2.1. 2SC3355
The 2SC3355 is an NPN silicon epitaxial transistor designed for low
noise amplifier at VHF, UHF and CATV band. It has large dynamic range and
good current characteristic.
Features
 Collector-Emitter Volt (Vceo): 12V
 Collector-Base Volt (Vcbo): 20V
 Collector Current (Ic): 0.1A
 hfe: 50-300 @ 20Ma
6.2.3. BFR96TS
6.2.3.1. BFR96TS
The BFR96 transistor uses the same state–of–the–art microwave
transistor chip which features fine–line geometry, ion–implanted arsenic

emitters and gold top metallization. This transistor is intended for low–to–
medium power amplifiers requiring high gain, low noise figure, and low
intermodulation distortion. TheBFR96 is particularly suitable for broadband
MATV/CATV amplifiers.
6.3. RESISTORS
6.3.1. RESISTORS
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements
electrical as a circuit element. Resistors act to reduce current flow, and, at the
same time, act to lower voltage levels within circuits.
The current through a resistor is in direct proportion to the voltage across
the resistor's terminals. This relationship is represented by Ohm's law:
where I is the current through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the
potential difference measured across the conductor in units of volts, and R is the
resistance of the conductor in units of ohms (symbol: Ω).
Resistors are common elements of electrical networks and electronic
circuits and are ubiquitous in electronic equipment. Practical resistors can be
composed of various compounds and films, as well as resistance wires (wire

made of a high-resistivity alloy, such as nickel-chrome). Resistors are also
implemented within integrated circuits, particularly analog devices, and can also
be integrated into hybrid and printed circuits.
6.4. CAPACITOR
6.4.1. CAPACITORS
A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two-terminal
electrical component used to store energy electrostatically in an
electric. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least
two electrical conductors (plates) separated by a dielectric (i.e., insulator). The
conductors can be thin films of metal, aluminium foil or disks, etc. The 'non
conducting' dielectric acts to increase the capacitor's charge capacity. A
dielectric can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, paper, mica, etc. Capacitors are
widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices.
Unlike a resistor, a capacitor does not dissipate energy. Instead, a capacitor
stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field between its plates.
A capacitor consists of two conductors separated by a non-conductive
region. The non-conductive region is called the dielectric. In simpler terms, the
dielectric is just an electrical insulatorThe conductors thus hold equal and
opposite charges on their facing surfaces,[11] and the dielectric develops an

electric field. In SI units, a capacitance of one farad means that one coulomb of
charge on each conductor causes a voltage of one volt across the device
6.5. DIODES
6.5.1. DIODES
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component with
asymmetric conductance; it has low (ideally zero) resistance to current in one
direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor
diode, the most common type today, is a crystalline piece
of semiconductor material with a junction connected to two electrical
terminals. A vacuum tube diode has two electrodes, a plate (anode) and a heated
cathode. Semiconductor diodes were the first semiconductor. The first
semiconductor diodes, called cat's whisker diodes, developed around 1906, were
made of mineral crystals such as galena. Today, most diodes are made
of silicon, but other semiconductors such as selenium or germanium are
sometimes used

CHAPTER 7
LAYOUT
7.1. PCB LAYOUT
7.1.1. Lay out of cell phone detector

7.1.2. Lay out of cell phone jammer

7.2. COMPONENT LAYOUT
7.2.1. Lay out of cell phone detector

7.2.2. Lay out of cell phone jammer

CHAPTER 8
PCB FABRICATION
Printed circuit board (PCB) is piece of art. The performance of an
electronic circuit depends on the layout and the design of PCB. A PCB
mechanically supports and connects components by conductive pathways,
etched from copper sheets laminated onto insulated substrate.PCB ape used to
rotate electrical current and signals through copper tracts which are firmly
bonded to base.
PCB fabrication involves the following steps:
1. Drawing the layout of the PCB in paper. The track layout of the
electronic circuit should be made in such a manner that the
paths are in easy routes. It is then transferred to a Mylar sheet. The
sheet is then touched with black ink.
2. The solder side of the Mylar sheet is placed on the shiny side of the
five-star-sheet and is placed in a frame. Then it is exposed to
sunlight with Mylar sheet facing the sunlight.
3. The exposed five-star sheet is put in hydrogen peroxide solution.
Then it is put in hot water and shook still unexposed region will
transparent.
4. This is put in cold water and then the rough side is stuck on to the
silk screen. This is then pressed and dried well.
5. The plastic sheet of five-star sheet is removed leaving the pattern
on the screen.
6. A copper clad sheet is cut to the size and cleaned. This is placed
under screen.
7. As it resistant ink if spread on the screen so that a pattern of tracks
and a pad is obtained on a copper clad sheet. It is then dried.

8. The dried sheet is etched using Ferric chloride solution (32 Baume)
till all the unwanted copper is etched away. Swish the board to
keep each fluid moving. Lift up the PCB and check weather all
unwanted copper is removed. Etching is done by immersing the
marked copper clad in Ferric chloride solution after that the etched
sheet is dried.
9. The unwanted resist ink is removed using sodium hydroxide
solution holes are the dried.

CHAPTER -9
SOLDERING
Soldering is the process of joining metals by using lower melting point to
weld or alloy with joining surface.
9.1. SOLDER
Solder is the joining material that melts below 420 degree connections
between components. The popularly used solders are alloys of tin (Sn) and lead
(Pb) that melting point of tin.
Types
1. Rosin core: - 60/40 Sn/Pb solder are the most commonly used for
electronics assembly. These are available in various diameter and are
most appropriate for small electron
2. Lead free:-lead free solder are used as more environmental-friendly
substitutes for leaded solder, but they are not as easy to use mainly
because of their higher melting point and poorer wetting properties.
3. Silver:-Silver solder are typically used for low resistance connections but
they have a higher melting point and are expensive than Sn/Pb solder.
4. Acid-core:-Acid-core solder should not be used for electronics. They are
intended for plumping or non-electronics assembly work. The acid-core
flux will cause corrosion of circuitry and can damage components.
5. Other special solder:-
 Various melting point eutectics: These special solders are typically
used for non-electronics assembly of difficult to construct
mechanical items that must be assembled in a particular sequence.
 Paste solders: These solders are used in the field application or in
specialised manufacturing application.

9.2. FLUX
Flux is a chemical cleaning agent, flowing agent, or purifying agent.
Fluxes may have more than one function at a time. They are used in both
extractive metallurgy and metal joining. These agents served various functions,
the simplest being a reducing agent which prevented oxides from forming on
the surface of the molten metal, while others absorbed impurities into the slag
which could be scraped off the molten metal. As cleaning agents, fluxes
facilitate soldering, brazing, and welding by removing oxidation from the
metals to be joined.
In high-temperature metal joining processes (welding, brazing and
soldering), the primary purpose of flux is to prevent oxidation of the base and
filler materials. Tin-lead solder (e.g.) attaches very well to copper, but poorly to
the various oxides of copper, which form quickly at soldering temperatures.
Flux is a substance which is nearly inert at room temperature, but which
becomes strongly reducing at elevated temperatures, preventing the formation
of metal oxides.
The most commonly used in hand soldering of electronic compounds is
rosin, a combination of mild organic acid extracted from pine tree.
9.3. SOLDERING IRON
A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering. it supplies heat to melt
the solder so that it can flow into the joint between two work pieces.
A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated
handle. Heating is often achieved electrically, by passing an electric current
(supplied through an electrical cord or battery cables) through a
resistive heating element. Cordless irons can be heated by combustion of gas
stored in a small tank, often using a catalytic heater rather than a flame. Simple

irons less commonly used than in the past were simply a large copper bit on a
handle, heated in a flame.
9.4. SOLDERING STEPS
1. Make the layout of the circuit in the circuit. Plug in the chord of the
soldering iron the mains to get heated.
2. Straighten and clean the component leads using a blade or a knife.
3. Mount the components on the PCB by bending the leads of the
component. Use nose pliers.
4. Apply flux on the joints and solder the joints. Soldering must be in
minimum time to avoid dry soldering and heating up of the
components.
5. Wash the residue using water and brush.
6. Solder joints should be inspected when completed to determine if
they have been properly made.

CHAPTER -10
APPLICATIONS
1. Cellular signal blockers are eminent as the most excellent alternative to
more costly measures against mobile phone. In fact, they were developed
for only military and the law enforcement to cut off communications by
terrorists and criminals.
2. It is also used to halt the use of particular remotely detonated chemical
substances.
3. Can be used in Jail, Theatres, Mosques, Schools etc with prior permit and
jamming strictly limited to the firm perimeter with zero leakage
4. Other important use is that this devise can be used by bomb squad for
diffusing bombs. This is because most of the bombs now a day are
triggered by the use of cell phones.

CHAPTER 11
ADVANTAGES
Cell phones offer great conveniences to people all over the world. It
arouses new challenge on the safety of secret work. Now a day, copying in
examination, wiretap, gas station outburst, and medical negligence are taking
place due to mobile phones. Probably, it is one of the major reasons behind the
emergence of jammers. Advantages of cell phone jammers are vast. Basically,
jammers function under specific frequency and connect to the main station
through electromagnetic wave. It transmits sound and data through intonation
and baud rate. The device creates an unrecognizable code hindrance to jam a
cellular phone. Most jamming devices can jam only one frequency.
Only advanced devices can block multiple frequencies. Now, it is being
used in prison, theatre, conference centre, library, church, gas station, school
campus, government hospitals, and military site. Under the security of the
device you do not have to worry about outburst and information safety. The new
models are highly portable in nature. Diverse types of jammers are readily
available in the market. Advantages of cell phone jammers are immense. The
portable devices are particularly designed for small, safe and private places like
mobile cars, discussion room and confidential office. Nevertheless, it can
successfully block cellular phone communication in the range of 50-80 sq
meters.

CHAPTER 12
DISADVANTAGES
You are paying for the usage of a specific service. Use of jammers
might prevent you from using a service after paying for that. You cannot call
the emergency help-line numbers. A jammer might ensure a quiet and peaceful
ride in a train or a bus, but that cannot be done of a risk of greater magnitude
hanging on your head. Jamming of mobile phone networks can be dangerous for
your security.
The cell phone jammer will block all the signals within its working
range, there may be grave consequences in an emergency. And even it may be
utilized by the criminals to take advantage of others. As it is reported in the
newspaper, because of the blocking device equipped in the car, a girl who was
raped by a tax driver could not make an emergency call and led to her death. In
regard of safety and emergency, the cell phone jammers are prohibited to use in
most countries and the lawbreakers will be given severe penalty.

CHAPTER 13
CONCLUSION
At last we can say every device is acts as good aspects as well as bad
aspects. In many place cell phone jammer is useful but at many place it is a
problem .for this we can take a example that if at any place cell phone jammer
is on than anybody wants to use than there creates some problems. But its
overall performance is very good and helpful in our life.

CHAPTER 14
BIBILIOGRAPHY
 Journals Referred
1. Innovation: Magazine of Research &Technology,2000
2. Printed circuit design Online (Magazine)
3. Design Magazine
4. Journal of Instrumentation(JNIST).
 Website
1. http://HowStu_Work.com
2. http://wikipedia.org
3. http://electronics.howstu_works.com/cell-phone-jammer.htm
4. http://blog.jammer-store.com/2009/11/how-mobile-jammers-work/
5. http://whatisacellphonejammer.com
6. http://whatisacellphonejammer.com
7. http://blog.jammer-store.com/2009/11/how-mobile-jammers-work
8. http://phantom.co.il

DATASHEET

Intelligent jammer

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Andere mochten auch

Andere mochten auch (20)

Ähnlich wie Intelligent jammer

Ähnlich wie Intelligent jammer (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Intelligent jammer