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Piping Technology & Products, Inc.


            Shock Control, Restraint & Support Devices


                          Attention Attendees: to listen to the audio portion,
                          check that your speakers or headset are on and turned
                          up OR dial the number and use the access code listed
                          in your confirmation email.
                          Attention P.E.’s: this Webinar is worth 1 PDH credit for
                          TX P.E.’s (send request to enews@pipingtech.com)




                                New York P.E.’s go here:
                                http://sections.asme.org/buffalo/webinar002.htm

Presenter: Jerry Godina
PT&P and Subsidiaries


                       PIPING TECHNOLOGY
                        & PRODUCTS, INC.
                                    Member of MSS, SPED, APFA




                                                                                      Fronek Anchor
 U.S. Bellows, Inc.       Sweco Fab, Inc.             Pipe Shields, Inc.             Darling Ent., Inc.




 Member of EJMA            ASME U-Stamp                    ISO 9001-2000              ASME Nuclear
                                                              Certified                 Qualified


 To learn more about who we are, visit the about us section on pipingtech.com
                      Piping Technology & Products, Inc.    •   www.pipingtech.com
Presentation Overview


 Snubbers                     Sway Braces

  Allows movement in          Uses springs to provide restraint force
   tension & compression       Allows movement in tension & compression
   under normal
                               Variable spring rates available
   conditions
  Activated when an
   impulse event occurs
                              Sway Struts
  Acts as a restraint
  Available in Hydraulic      Rigid support
   and Mechanical              Does not allow movement in tension & compression
                               Allows for rotational movement




                    Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – General



                Schematic of Snubber




          Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Overview

         Hydraulic                                               Mechanical




      Common Design Requirements:

          Type of Motion                        Dynamic Response
          Normal Operation                      Temperature
          Breakaway/Drag Force                  Humidity
          Sensitivity                           Corrosion Characteristics

               Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Schematic of Hydraulic Snubber                                           Hydraulic Snubber




                 Under “Normal” Conditions




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Schematic of Hydraulic Snubber                                           Hydraulic Snubber




                 Under “Locked” Conditions




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Picture of a Hydraulic Snubber
                           Cut-Section View




             Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Exploded-View of Hydraulic Snubber
                       Reservoir
                                                                                  Lock Nut
                                                              Flow Control
                                                                Assembly




                                                                                       Adjustable
                                                                                        Rod End



  Piston Rod End                                                         Extension
                                                                           Piece



                                                    Cylinder
                   Stroke Position
                    Datum Point

                    Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Optional Design Features for
 Hydraulic Snubbers

                                               Protective Boot            Without Protective Boot




  Adjustable
 Flow Control
    Device




                Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 Adjustable Length Hydraulic Snubbers


                                                     Custom Design




                                                                            C–C
                                                                          Dimension




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

 225,000 lb. Load Hydraulic Snubber
                                                           Custom Design




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Hydraulic

    Application of a                                     Replacement of a
   Hydraulic Snubber                                     Hydraulic Snubber
                                                • load conditions change
                                                • leaking fluid
                                                • use a pressurized reservoir
                                                • damage




     Close-Up View of Snubber


                Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

 MSA Mechanical Snubber                                              Mechanical Snubber



                         Cut-Section View




           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

 dynA/Damp Mechanical Snubber




           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

    Mechanical Snubbers used to restrain thermal movement during abnormal circumstances.

                                                                     Size range in retracted
                                                                      position for this
                                                                      project: 18" to 80"
                                                                     Maximum load capacity
                                                                      range: 700 lb. to
                                                                      10,000 lb.
                                                                     Computer controlled
                                                                      hydraulic test at both high
                                                                      and low rates of loading



     Adjustable Length Mechanical Snubbers                   Fixed End Mechanical Snubbers




                    Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

 Mechanical Snubber & Clamp Assemblies
    61 snubber assemblies, including custom designed yoke clamps fabricated from
    Chrome-Moly (A387 Gr.91), stainless steel u-bolts and protection saddles.




      Maximum shock load: 1500 lb.
      Travel capacity range: 1" to 5"



                     Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

 Tandem Snubber
 Configuration




           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Mechanical

 Mechanical Snubber Application




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Snubber Maintenance




           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Quality Control

 Snubber Cycle Test on a Mechanical Snubber
 #1 Display the normal wear and tear for a snubber over an extended period of time.
 #2 Display the resistance to an abrupt disturbance.




 Snubbers are tested in two modes of operation. High rates of loading, especially impact, should
 provide high resistance to movement and low speeds should provide low resistance to movement.
 After the test is completed, report data is analyzed and alternatives are proposed that will aid the
 value in meeting the drag forces’ common criteria of 2% or less than the rated load.


                         Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Snubbers – Quality Control

 Snubber Cycle Test on a Hydraulic Snubber




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Braces – Overview

                                 Standard Sway Braces
                        Size      Travel            Spring Rate          Max Load
                                                       lb./in.             (lb.)

                         1           3”                 50                200
                         2           3”                 150               600
                         3           3”                 450               1800
                         4           3”                 900               3600
                         5           3”                1350               5400
                         6           3”                1800               7200

           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Braces – Application



    Sway Braces on Shipping Floor


                                                           Application: Petroleum Company




                 Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Braces


             Custom Design            126" Long Carbon Steel Sway Braces




       Carbon Steel                          Travel: 10 ½"
       Load capacity: 1500 lb.               Spring rate: 150 lb./in.

              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Braces


                             Sway Braces with Precision
 Custom Design
                             Machined Pivoting Ball Joints




       For stabilizing tall stacks in a Coker Plant
       Load capacity: 8000 lb.
       Deflection capability: up to ±9" in
        all directions
       Size range: 70" to 144"


                    Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Braces – Quality Control



                  Sway Brace Travel Test




           Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts – Overview


  Standard Sway Struts
       Size   Max Load        Adjustment      Minimum C-C          Maximum C-C
                (lb.)

        A         650              4”                  18 ¾             60
        B        1500              4”                  20 ½             108
        C        4500              4”                  20 ½             120
        1        8000              4”                   24              120
        2       11630              4”                   25              120
        3       15700              4”                  25 ½             120
        4       20700              4”                  29 ½             120
        5       27200              4”                  32 ½             120
        6       33500              4”                  35 ½             120
        7       68200              4”                  38 ½             120
        8      120000              4”                  41 ½             120

              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •    www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts – Overview
                                   4" of Adjustment




       Mini Strut Style 1                                         Mini Strut Style 2




                 Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts

                  Various Sizes of Sway Struts




              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts
        QC Measuring C – C Dimension




                                                       Sway Struts Prepared for Shipping




              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •    www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts

  Carbon Steel Sway Strut Assemblies with Custom Designed
                     3-Bolt Clamps, Hot-Dipped Galvanized
                     Finish and a Special 2-Coat Paint System.




    Sway struts range in length form 25" to 70" pin to pin
    Operating load range: 8000 lb. – 15,000 lb.
    Pipe size range: 8" - 24"
                  Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts




                                                       Custom Design




              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts

    Custom Design



                                                               Ball-Joint Sway Strut
                                                               Assemblies Designed
                                                               for an Ammonia Plant.
                                                                      Overall Length: 96"

                                                                      Load: 20,000 lb.




               Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts



                            240" Sway Strut                             Custom Design




              Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts – Application


              Sway Strut & Clamp Assembly




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Sway Struts – Application


                      Sway Strut Assembly




            Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Value-Added Services

           Emergency & Field Services                                       QA & Product Testing
                                                                             •      STADAS Snubber Test
                                                                             •      Burst Test
                                                                             •      Helium Leak Test
                                                                             •      Cycle / Fatigue Test
                                                                             •      Lateral & Axial Load
                                                                             •      Pressure Test
                                                                             •      Stress Analysis
                                                                             •      Dye Penetrant Test
                                                                             •      Hydrostatic Test
                      Inventory / Stock                                      •      Finite Element Analysis
                                                                             •      X-ray Test
  •   > 30,000 spring coils
                                                                             •      Magnet Particle
  •   > 1 million lb. of standard items
                                                                             •      PMI Test
  •   Full year supply of beams, angles, plates, rods, etc.
                                                                             •      Pneumatic Test

                      Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com
Thank You For Attending

              Shock Control, Restraint &
               Support Devices Webinar
        •   Online Quote: www.pipingtech.com/quote
        •   Online Catalog: www.pipingtech.com/catalog
        •   Technical Webinars: www.pipingtech.com/webinar
        •   Blog: www.pipesupportsblog.com




   Please send any additional questions or inquiries to
                 info@pipingtech.com
  For a PDH certificate, please send a quick request to
                enews@pipingtech.com
                Piping Technology & Products, Inc.   •   www.pipingtech.com

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Shock Control, Restraint, and Support Devices

  • 1. Piping Technology & Products, Inc. Shock Control, Restraint & Support Devices Attention Attendees: to listen to the audio portion, check that your speakers or headset are on and turned up OR dial the number and use the access code listed in your confirmation email. Attention P.E.’s: this Webinar is worth 1 PDH credit for TX P.E.’s (send request to enews@pipingtech.com) New York P.E.’s go here: http://sections.asme.org/buffalo/webinar002.htm Presenter: Jerry Godina
  • 2. PT&P and Subsidiaries PIPING TECHNOLOGY & PRODUCTS, INC. Member of MSS, SPED, APFA Fronek Anchor U.S. Bellows, Inc. Sweco Fab, Inc. Pipe Shields, Inc. Darling Ent., Inc. Member of EJMA ASME U-Stamp ISO 9001-2000 ASME Nuclear Certified Qualified To learn more about who we are, visit the about us section on pipingtech.com Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 3. Presentation Overview Snubbers Sway Braces  Allows movement in  Uses springs to provide restraint force tension & compression  Allows movement in tension & compression under normal  Variable spring rates available conditions  Activated when an impulse event occurs Sway Struts  Acts as a restraint  Available in Hydraulic  Rigid support and Mechanical  Does not allow movement in tension & compression  Allows for rotational movement Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 4. Snubbers – General Schematic of Snubber Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 5. Snubbers – Overview Hydraulic Mechanical Common Design Requirements:  Type of Motion  Dynamic Response  Normal Operation  Temperature  Breakaway/Drag Force  Humidity  Sensitivity  Corrosion Characteristics Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 6. Snubbers – Hydraulic Schematic of Hydraulic Snubber Hydraulic Snubber Under “Normal” Conditions Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 7. Snubbers – Hydraulic Schematic of Hydraulic Snubber Hydraulic Snubber Under “Locked” Conditions Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 8. Snubbers – Hydraulic Picture of a Hydraulic Snubber Cut-Section View Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 9. Snubbers – Hydraulic Exploded-View of Hydraulic Snubber Reservoir Lock Nut Flow Control Assembly Adjustable Rod End Piston Rod End Extension Piece Cylinder Stroke Position Datum Point Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 10. Snubbers – Hydraulic Optional Design Features for Hydraulic Snubbers Protective Boot Without Protective Boot Adjustable Flow Control Device Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 11. Snubbers – Hydraulic Adjustable Length Hydraulic Snubbers Custom Design C–C Dimension Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 12. Snubbers – Hydraulic 225,000 lb. Load Hydraulic Snubber Custom Design Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 13. Snubbers – Hydraulic Application of a Replacement of a Hydraulic Snubber Hydraulic Snubber • load conditions change • leaking fluid • use a pressurized reservoir • damage Close-Up View of Snubber Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 14. Snubbers – Mechanical MSA Mechanical Snubber Mechanical Snubber Cut-Section View Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 15. Snubbers – Mechanical dynA/Damp Mechanical Snubber Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 16. Snubbers – Mechanical Mechanical Snubbers used to restrain thermal movement during abnormal circumstances.  Size range in retracted position for this project: 18" to 80"  Maximum load capacity range: 700 lb. to 10,000 lb.  Computer controlled hydraulic test at both high and low rates of loading Adjustable Length Mechanical Snubbers Fixed End Mechanical Snubbers Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 17. Snubbers – Mechanical Mechanical Snubber & Clamp Assemblies 61 snubber assemblies, including custom designed yoke clamps fabricated from Chrome-Moly (A387 Gr.91), stainless steel u-bolts and protection saddles.  Maximum shock load: 1500 lb.  Travel capacity range: 1" to 5" Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 18. Snubbers – Mechanical Tandem Snubber Configuration Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 19. Snubbers – Mechanical Mechanical Snubber Application Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 20. Snubbers – Snubber Maintenance Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 21. Snubbers – Quality Control Snubber Cycle Test on a Mechanical Snubber #1 Display the normal wear and tear for a snubber over an extended period of time. #2 Display the resistance to an abrupt disturbance. Snubbers are tested in two modes of operation. High rates of loading, especially impact, should provide high resistance to movement and low speeds should provide low resistance to movement. After the test is completed, report data is analyzed and alternatives are proposed that will aid the value in meeting the drag forces’ common criteria of 2% or less than the rated load. Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 22. Snubbers – Quality Control Snubber Cycle Test on a Hydraulic Snubber Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 23. Sway Braces – Overview Standard Sway Braces Size Travel Spring Rate Max Load lb./in. (lb.) 1 3” 50 200 2 3” 150 600 3 3” 450 1800 4 3” 900 3600 5 3” 1350 5400 6 3” 1800 7200 Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 24. Sway Braces – Application Sway Braces on Shipping Floor Application: Petroleum Company Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 25. Sway Braces Custom Design 126" Long Carbon Steel Sway Braces  Carbon Steel  Travel: 10 ½"  Load capacity: 1500 lb.  Spring rate: 150 lb./in. Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 26. Sway Braces Sway Braces with Precision Custom Design Machined Pivoting Ball Joints  For stabilizing tall stacks in a Coker Plant  Load capacity: 8000 lb.  Deflection capability: up to ±9" in all directions  Size range: 70" to 144" Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 27. Sway Braces – Quality Control Sway Brace Travel Test Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 28. Sway Struts – Overview Standard Sway Struts Size Max Load Adjustment Minimum C-C Maximum C-C (lb.) A 650 4” 18 ¾ 60 B 1500 4” 20 ½ 108 C 4500 4” 20 ½ 120 1 8000 4” 24 120 2 11630 4” 25 120 3 15700 4” 25 ½ 120 4 20700 4” 29 ½ 120 5 27200 4” 32 ½ 120 6 33500 4” 35 ½ 120 7 68200 4” 38 ½ 120 8 120000 4” 41 ½ 120 Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 29. Sway Struts – Overview 4" of Adjustment Mini Strut Style 1 Mini Strut Style 2 Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 30. Sway Struts Various Sizes of Sway Struts Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 31. Sway Struts QC Measuring C – C Dimension Sway Struts Prepared for Shipping Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 32. Sway Struts Carbon Steel Sway Strut Assemblies with Custom Designed 3-Bolt Clamps, Hot-Dipped Galvanized Finish and a Special 2-Coat Paint System.  Sway struts range in length form 25" to 70" pin to pin  Operating load range: 8000 lb. – 15,000 lb.  Pipe size range: 8" - 24" Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 33. Sway Struts Custom Design Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 34. Sway Struts Custom Design Ball-Joint Sway Strut Assemblies Designed for an Ammonia Plant.  Overall Length: 96"  Load: 20,000 lb. Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 35. Sway Struts 240" Sway Strut Custom Design Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 36. Sway Struts – Application Sway Strut & Clamp Assembly Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 37. Sway Struts – Application Sway Strut Assembly Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 38. Value-Added Services Emergency & Field Services QA & Product Testing • STADAS Snubber Test • Burst Test • Helium Leak Test • Cycle / Fatigue Test • Lateral & Axial Load • Pressure Test • Stress Analysis • Dye Penetrant Test • Hydrostatic Test Inventory / Stock • Finite Element Analysis • X-ray Test • > 30,000 spring coils • Magnet Particle • > 1 million lb. of standard items • PMI Test • Full year supply of beams, angles, plates, rods, etc. • Pneumatic Test Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com
  • 39. Thank You For Attending Shock Control, Restraint & Support Devices Webinar • Online Quote: www.pipingtech.com/quote • Online Catalog: www.pipingtech.com/catalog • Technical Webinars: www.pipingtech.com/webinar • Blog: www.pipesupportsblog.com Please send any additional questions or inquiries to info@pipingtech.com For a PDH certificate, please send a quick request to enews@pipingtech.com Piping Technology & Products, Inc. • www.pipingtech.com

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Hello everyone, I would like to welcome you to our Webinar on Shock Control, Restraint and Support Devices. The Webinar today is hosted by Piping Technology & Products. I am Jerry Godina and I will be your presenter.
  2. (Go over certifications on the next slide) Piping Technology & Products, Inc. Engineered Pipe Supports: - Spring Hangers: Variables, Constants and Big-Ton Spring Supports - Vibration Control Devices: Snubbers and Sway Struts - Support Assembly Components: Clamps and Hardware - Pre-Insulated Pipe Supports: Cryogenic and Heat Applications (Cold & Hot Shoes) - Fabricated Pipe Shoes, Guides and Anchors Slide Bearing Plates Anchor Bolts and Embed Plates U.S. Bellows, Inc. (Member of EJMA) Expansion Joints Metallic, Thin-Wall, Thick-Wall, Fabric, Rectangular, and Slip-Type Sweco Fab, Inc. (ASME U-Stamp and R-Stamp Certified) Pressure Vessels, Pig Launchers/Receivers, Spectacle/Line Blinds, Instrument Supports and ASME/Misc. Fabricated Items. Pipe Shields, Inc. Insulated Pipe Supports for: - Commercial and Light Industrial - Heavy Industrial: Based on Mounted Anchors - Pipe Riser Clamps Fronek Anchor/Darling Enterprises Inc. (ASME Nuclear Qualified) Hydraulic Snubbers: Short Strut and Adjustable Strut Mechanical Snubbers dynA/Damp Compensating Strut
  3. “Once again, thank you for attending our Webinar today…” Snubbers Most common example of working principle: automotive safety belt Not activated under normal thermal contraction and expansion 2 types of mechanical Transmits force to fixed base Sway Braces Restraint load is proportional to travel Sway Struts 1 degree of freedom
  4. Snubbers are used as restraining devices to safeguard the piping system against Impulsive Loading while introducing negligible resistance during normal thermal movements… Undesirable abrupt movements of the components can be caused by: 1.) Internal excitation, such as, pressure shocks from valve operation, water hammer, boiler events, turbine trips, pipe breakage and safety/relief valve discharge Or Impulsive Loading can be cause by: 2.) External excitation, such as, wind load, seismic or cyclic events, impact by moving vehicles and explosions Under normal conditions, slow thermal movement of the piping system does not activate the snubber. Typically, an impulse type event will occur for a short time, but with a large magnitude. As the piping system responds, the impulse is transmitted to the snubber through SUPPORT MEMBER- 1. When the impulsive force exceeds the Predetermined Threshold value, the snubber activates, becoming a rigid support and arrests axial movement transmitting the shock through SUPPORT MEMBER -2 to the FIXED BASE . (NOTE: piping system will not move) Summary : In a sudden shock event, an instantaneous, secure and almost rigid connection is produced. The resulting dynamic loads are at once conducted into the structural connection. Normal operational movements of the piping and other components remain unhindered after impulse loading. In the case of seismic events, typical Frequency Response is 1 to 33 Hz.
  5. The two main types of snubbers are Hydraulic and Mechanical Design criteria vary; however, there are a few common design requirements: 1.) Type of Motion : Snubbers must be able to move back and forth, so that it can lock the motion and resist inertial forces of oscillatory nature in both directions along the longitudinal axis of the snubber. 2.) Normal Operation : During normal conditions, snubbers shall allow essentially free movement of component imposing minimum resistance when the component is subjected to non-dynamic loads such as those imposed by thermal expansion and contraction. 3.) Breakaway/Drag Force : The force required for axial movement shall not exceed 1 to 2 % of the rated load. 4.) Sensitivity : A snubber should get locked or produce large inertia force when the linear velocity of piping system supported by snubbers exceeds designed criteria. Or acceleration exceeds the design value. 5.) Dynamic Response : The peak to peak displacement across the unit, including end attachments, shall not exceed 1-30 -40 Hz, when input frequency is in 1 –33 Hz range at nominal load. 6.) Temperature : The snubber shall be designed for normal operation at 120 ° F. 7.) Humidity : The snubber shall be designed for normal operation at relative humidity of 25%. 8.) Corrosion Characteristics : The materials shall not promote corrosion under the operating conditions.
  6. A second ago, you saw the schematic of a snubber in general. Here you see the schematic of a hydraulic snubber under normal conditions … Suppose the piping system moves right (shown by the white arrow). As the piston P1 moves forward, it pushes the fluid through the channels 1 and 2 . As long as the piston velocity, V<V critical , the valve V1 remains open. The fluid pushed by piston P1 flows uninterrupted through the channel, indicated by arrows. The fluid enters into the back of the main cylinder through port 5 and also to the compensating cylinder through port 3 . The same uninterrupted flow occurs through the valves and channel if the P1 rod moves in the opposite direction (in this case, the flow through the channel is reserved). Such movement occurs due to thermal expansion and contraction of the piping system. During this free movement, the breakaway drag is typically 1-2% of the rated load.
  7. Here you see the schematic of a hydraulic snubber in “locked” condition … When subjected to movements that exceed the design velocity limits (which is typically 8 " /min.), the valve is activated and is momentarily closed (this is shown by “X” as the piston moves forward). This is known as the “lock up” of the snubber. This forms a rigid connection between the piping system and the support structure. When the load has dissipated, the snubber “unlocks” and again allows gradual movement of the pipe and component. During the “lock up” state, a small amount of fluid is allowed to bleed either through a narrow channel (shown here as number 2) or through a separate channel in the valve itself.
  8. By continuity Fluid equilibrium Never goes on back side
  9. Here you see an exploded view of an hydraulic snubber In the middle, you see a high pressure main cylinder , which is offered in seven cylinder bore sizes: 1 ½" to 8". Selection of size depends on the anticipated force and thermal movement of the protected piping/equipment. Our hydraulic snubbers include a flow control section that contains dual stage velocity sensitive poppet valves All are made to include reservoirs in 6, 10, 15, or 20 inch strokes, except the 1 ½" bore size. * The 1 ½" bore size is offered only in 6" and 10" strokes. A spherical bearing allows for angular rotation of ±6° to accommodate misalignment
  10. Optional Design Features Include: Integral Relief Valve (Inside) – A non-adjustable valve which is factory preset at 133 percent or 200 percent of rated load. Protective Boot – The boot is installed over a piston rod for protection against corrosive or outdoor environments. The system’s movement is controlled by a flow control device, which can be designed adjustable if needed.
  11. Pictured here are adjustable type Hydraulic Snubbers with two rear brackets Manufactured for an Power Plant in Turkey. Most snubbers have a fixed C – C dimension, but these are custom designed with a lock nut that locks in place after adjusting the length by removing the rod end screws in and out of the cylinder. The maximum load is 140,700 lb. and the stroke is 6". The design temperature is 375 ° F and the design pressure is 1,750 PSIG
  12. Carbon Steel Hydraulic Snubber This Hydraulic Snubber has a maximum load of 225,000 lb. 3-Coat Paint System 14 ½" Diameter Weighs 4,000 lb.
  13. Applications for Hydraulic Snubbers: Snubbers are used in piping systems or equipment when unrestrained thermal movement must be allowed under normal operations, but must be restrained during impulsive or cyclic disturbance. - They essentially restrain shock loading both in tension and compression. Special settings are available to absorb the continuous thrust resulting from safety valve blow-off or pipe rupture. For the most effective operation of the unit, please specify the mounting position, vertical or horizontal. Preferred usage with standard settings to prevent destructive results due to earthquakes, flow transients, or wind load. The unit is not effective against low amplitude, high frequency movement.
  14. PT&P’s MSA series mechanical snubber operates on the principle of limiting the acceleration of any pipe movement to a threshold level of 0.02g. When a disturbance occurs that exceeds the threshold, the ball screw and drum produces angular momentum to the inertia mass. The inertial resistance of the mass engages the resilient capstan spring to tighten around a hardened mandrel, which is part of the structural tube. This in turn causes restraining force against rotation of the ball screw. During thermal compensation, the associated acceleration is far below the threshold limit of “g” (in other words, any slow movement will not activate the capstan spring). Prevalent Example: seat belt Complete arresting of motion
  15. In addition to MSA mechanical snubbers, PT&P also designs and manufacturers dya/Damp mechanical snubbers . Pictured here is a very simple mechanical snubber using a singer verge with a rack-pinion arrangement. Depending on the load and configuration, the snubber becomes more complex with more numbers of oscillating verges and gears. Instead of locking, the dynA/Damp mechanical snubber produces increasing resisting inertia force with increasing input velocity produced by external force. It utilizes inertia force of oscillating verge(s) with connecting gearing, which limits the velocity of geared rack and thereby controls the rate of linear displacement of piping or other equipment systems. During normal thermal movements the rack is free to displace with relatively small resistance. Upon introduction of an external applied force— such as a seismic event— oscillation of the verge limits movement of the geared rack to a velocity proportional to the applied load. Since the snubber is always engaged, instant snubbing action assures positive displacement control of the connected piping or equipment system.
  16. Top Picture: Mechanical Snubbers designed for a Refinery in Louisiana: The sizes range between 18" and 80" in length in the retracted position. The maximum load capacity is 700 lb. to 10,000 lb.. These snubbers were tested at both high and low rates of loading on a computer controlled test machine. NOTE: general snubber specs
  17. 61 Mechanical Snubber Assemblies for a Power Plant in Southern California These assemblies are used to control a maximum shock load of 1500 lb. within a piping system. Each Snubber was supplied with a custom designed yoke clamp made from Chrome-Moly (A387 Gr.91). Each snubber was also supplied with a stainless steel u-bolt and a protection saddle. The travel capacity range is 1" to 5". An expedited delivery of two weeks was provided per customer's request.
  18. Mechanical Snubbers are: Maintenance free and can be placed in any orientation; including, vertical, horizontal or skewed. There are standard strokes readily available and can be used in series to increase the available travel range. The compact design of the mechanical snubber allows for small overall length. Sizes range from ¼ to 100, load rating is from 350 lb.to 120,000 lb. and the standard maximum stroke ranges from 4" to 6". Effective stroke of 12"
  19. Features of the Mechanical Snubber includes: Adjustable length for field fit-up Used in conjunction with a yoke clamp Allows movement in axial and translational directions Restrains all movement when a disturbance even occurs
  20. Servicing Snubbers Under normal operating conditions: Snubbers are generally maintenance free Under severe service: Seals may become damaged, causing a loss of fluid, in this case, the snubber must be completely disassembled, new seals installed, and replenished with new fluid ** Severe Service usually involves excessive vibration or high temperatures ** If the snubber is damaged, contact us immediately for a replacement. If the snubber needs to be refurbished, remove the snubber from operation and send it back to us for maintenance and testing.
  21. PT&P has two test machines specifically designed for testing snubbers for piping applications , one for routine testing of hydraulic snubbers, and a more sophisticated machine that can perform a wide range of tests on both hydraulic and mechanical snubbers. PT&P STADAS Snubber Test Machine The STADAS is a trailer mounted snubber test machine manufactured by Paul-Munroe Inc., California. This computer controlled, hydraulic test machine is used to test the performance of mechanical and hydraulic snubbers ranging in size from 150 pounds to 135,000 pounds. The STADAS may also be used to verify snubber conditions at the point of manufacture, or during an outage (refueling) at the plant site. The STADAS machine is capable of controlling a test, following any load sequence needed. It can then plot the test results immediately, and save the results to disk for future reference. The main frame of the STADAS machine is comprised of two drive cylinders, which supports the snubber being tested. The smaller drive cylinder is used for snubbers rated to 6,000 pounds, and the larger drive cylinder is used for snubbers rated up to 150,000 pounds. Each drive cylinder is equipped with an electro-hydraulic servo-valve, load cell and connections to the hydraulic system.
  22. Hydraulic Snubber Test Machine The Hydraulic Snubber test Machine is mainly used to perform testing for hydraulic snubbers, it has a similar test bed like the STADAS machine, however, it is not computer controlled. It is adequate to perform all the tests normally required for hydraulic snubbers, such as quality control and periodic tests that are sometimes required as part of plant maintenance programs. Mechanical snubbers can also be tested on this machine, but due to the complication of the process, mechanical snubbers testing is usually performed on the STADAS machine.
  23. Sway Braces are recommended for absorbing shock loadings; guiding or restraining the movement of pipe resulting from thermal expansion; bracing a pipe line against sway. Working principle is similar to variable springs (as movement increases; the restraint force increases) Can be utilized in tension or compression or a combination Standard sway brace sizes: - 3 " of total travel in tension or compression - Load ratings from 50 lb. to 7200 lb.
  24. 10 Sway Braces were designed and manufactured for a Petroleum Company in Louisiana… The total travel distance is 14 "; t he standard PT&P braces have springs that allow 3" of total travel distance. These sway braces were custom designed to provide a total travel distance of 5" and 14". The center-to-center dimensions range from 92 ¼" to 115" with internal supports to prevent buckling. The desired spring rates for the sway braces is 450 lb./in. and 1,350 lb./in. The custom sway brace assemblies are comprised of pipes (for spring housing), springs (sizes dependent on spring rate and total travel) and in some cases, ball joints.
  25. 126" Long Sway Braces for a Power Plant Carbon steel and measure 126" from pin to pin Use an integral piston assembly with guide to eliminate any buckling and/or misalignment during extension and compression Designed for 10 1/2" of travel and a load of 1,500 lb. Combination of standard spring coils is used to achieve the required spring rate of 150 lb./in. Prior to shipment, a test was performed using a hydraulic ram, which simulated actual field conditions and allowed the sway brace to move through the entire travel range in both compression and extension modes.
  26. (end connections and travel) ** Previously you saw Sway Struts with ball joints – Now we are showing sway braces with ball joints These Sway Braces were designed for a local refinery and are used to stabilize tall stacks. The deflection capability is ±9" in all directions The Sway Braces in this project ranged from 71" to 144" in length and have a load capability of 8,000 lb. There are machined pivoting ball joints at each end that allow for freedom of movement in any unpredictable direction
  27. Travel test being performed on a sway brace for a client. This is a specially designed sway brace designed for 14" of travel. This sway brace uses an integral piston assembly with a guide to eliminate any buckling and/or misalignment during extension and compression. Test was performed using hydraulic ram which simulated actual field conditions and allowed the sway brace to move through the entire travel range in both the compression and extension modes.
  28. Sway Strut Assemblies: Rotate around pivot point (c - c dimension) Used to restrain movement of piping in one direction while providing for movement due to thermal expansion or contraction in another direction. They are effective for either tensile or compressive force. The self-aligning bushings permit ±5° misalignment or angular motion. (clamp) Standard drawing of a sway strut assembly Clamp & end bracket 10 different sizes available with up to 68,200 lb. in maximum load ratings C – C dimensions can vary from a minimum of 16 ¾" to a maximum of 120" Note: If unsure of the length, we can always provide one rod end loose for final fit-up in the field
  29. Sway Struts
  30. Left: Measuring the c – c dimension Right: Prepared for shipping
  31. Sway Strut Assemblies with Custom Designed 3-Bolt Pipe Clamps These sway strut assemblies are designed in conjunction with custom three-bolt clamps to prevent movement on a pipeline. The sway struts range in length from 25" to 70" from pin to pin. The operating load ranges between 8,000 lb. to 15,000 lb. The clamps are designed for pipe sizes ranging from 8" to 24". The sway strut assemblies are fabricated entirely from carbon steel with a hot-dipped galvanize finish. The completed assemblies also include a custom 2-coat paint system that was applied over the galvanize finish before being shipped to an LNG plant overseas.
  32. Size 5 & 6 sway struts Maximum loading of 35,500 lb. Chrome Moly and brackets Utilized for attachment at elevated temperatures
  33. Ball-Joint Sway Strut Assemblies for an Ammonia Plant Overall length is 96" and they are designed to control 20,000 lb. load. There is a ball joint on each end connected by an extension rod to control piping system through complete range of thermal piping movements.
  34. This Sway Strut is fabricated from carbon steel and is 6" in diameter with a 15,000 lb. load. The Sway Strut includes a hot-dipped galvanize finish, a painted finish and will support a 30" process line in a refinery. This particular product was necessary because the current line only had a few I-beams for support and was not able to handle the large forces acting on the line. A heavy schedule pipe and heavier duty strut ends were necessary due to the heavy loads acting upon the pipe.
  35. Application: Sway Strut & Clamp Assembly
  36. Application: Sway Strut Assembly
  37. PT&P has an online emergency system running 24/7… we guarantee a response within 30 minutes We also have an “on-call” engineering and manufacturing team to meet any of your quick-turn and emergency needs. PT&P has a system of stock pipe supports and spring supports You can see on the right we do a plethora of quality assurance and product testing
  38. That concludes our Webinar presentation on Shock Control, Restraint and Support Devices …. I hope everyone enjoyed the presentation and as a reminder, we have a staff of experts standing by to answer any questions you may have. You can just chat them now while in session, or you email them to info@pipingtech.com.