Biodiversity Offset and Banksia Woodland
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This is a presentation tailored for the general public interested in WA flora where I presented my PhD project with focus on diversity of flora that we detected emerging from the transferred topsoil seed bank as means of Banksia Woodland restoration.
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Biodiversity Offset and Banksia Woodland
- 2. 2012-2014 ONGOING February Maypre-2012 BACKROUND DATA ANALYSIS SEEDLINGS SURVIVAL DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION SEEDLING EMERGENCE Plant Traits & Soil Properties Analysis August OUTLINE HISTORY EXPERIMENT rCHAPTER I CHAPTER III CHAPTER II
- 3. Old Landscape Nutrient poor soils Heat Fire Mediterranean Type Ecosystems We do not know how to propagate 50% new to science since 1990 6759 plant species in SWA & still growing (Hopper 2004) 80% of Banksia Woodlands cleared (TEC listing). High Dormancy (Topsoil)
- 4. 2015June September December 2013-2014March 2012 Murdoch University Jandakot Airport Forestdale Lake Anketell Road
- 5. History of Topsoil Soil Seed Bank Transfer • Cost-effective biodiversity return versus planting Time of the year is very important Direct Transfer • Pioneering work by Alcoa in Jarrah Forest (1963) but only in mine (clay) settings • Important lessons: Topsoil a restoration tool to mitigate environmental filters? • Clear Land, Strip, Dig, Re-apply
- 6. Regional species pool Local community Dispersal filter Filter model to test the success Dispersal Limitation (depths treatment) Abiotic Barrier (ripping treatment) Biotic Barrier (herbivory exclosures treatment)
- 7. March Treatments Design 2015June September December 2013-2014March Dispersal Abiotic Biotic
- 8. June September DecemberMarch OVERVIEW June September December 2013-2014March ripped unripped ripped unripped
- 9. Plot (4m²) Treatments Layout
- 10. JuneMarch Plot-size (4m²) Treatments 2015June September December 2013-2014March 1. Smoke Water Only 2. S. Water + Plastic 3. Plastic Cover Only 4. Heat Weed Control 872.8 733.4 No summer storms 1905-47 1986-2011 2012 2013
- 11. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Emergence of native perennials in year I (log-transformed, n=192) Data: Site-scale Treatments Error=95% CI YEAR
- 12. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Emergence of native perennials in year II (log-transformed, n>282) Data: Site-scale Treatments Error=95% CI YEAR
- 13. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Emergence of native annuals in year I (log-transformed, n=192) Data: Site-scale Treatments Error=95% CI YEAR
- 14. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Emergence of native annuals in year II (log-transformed, n>282) Data: Site-scale Treatments Error=95% CI YEAR
- 15. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: Site-scale Treatments. SUMMARY. Diversity Index ~ Plant Density (0.7) YEAR Error=95% CI
- 16. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: Site-scale Treatments. Interactions. Error=95% CI YEAR
- 17. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: Most Abundant Native Families Year II Perennial: • Ericaceae • Fabaceae • Dilleniaceae Year II Annual: • Asteraceae • Araliaceae • Crassulaceae Year I Perennial: • Fabaceae • Ericaceae • Asparagaceae Year I Annual: • Asteraceae • Araliaceae • Crassulaceae Nr Species Year I Year II Annual 28 26 Perennial 101 89 Total 129 115
- 27. Survival in Year II (mean densities ±SE)
- 28. Trait Suit Winner Trait Suit Runner-up NATIVE NO N-FIXER NO RESPROUTER YES WOODY NO GROWTH CATEGORY WOODY SEED SIZE SMALL MAXIMUM HEIGHT 0.7 m NATIVE YES N-FIXER YES RESPROUTER NO WOODY YES GROWTH CATEGORY WOODY SEED SIZE SMALL MAXIMUM HEIGHT 1.0 m
- 29. Native emergence abundant. Climate = important abiotic filter to consider ($$$) C O N C L U S I O N S Very low survival.
- 30. THANK YOU @PWaryszak Industry Partners: JAH DEC/DPaW Supervisors: 1. Dr Joe Fontaine, 2. Prof. Neal Enright, 3. Dr Phil Ladd, 4. Dr Rachel Standish
- 31. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: % Composition of Growth Forms Woody -86% highest in ripped 77-79% even
- 32. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: % Input of Nitrogen Fixers N-fixers: 18-21% even N-fixers: 55% highest in ripped
- 33. June September DecemberMarch June September December 2013-2014March Data: % Input of Resprouters 61% Fowler (2015) Resp: 31-34% even Resp: 22-27%
- 35. Data: Plot-scale Treatments. Year I Error=95% CI
- 36. Diversity Index ~ Plant Density
Hinweis der Redaktion
- The invention/discovery of the topsoil transfer technology we owe to Alco. Koch published a number of papers proving that moving and spreading the topsoil is a very cost-effective way to restore mining sites bauxite mining ceased. Based on this knowledge we know the lessons but there are certain sandy uncertainties that we do not know whether we can transfer this knowledge onto sandy soil of swan coastal plain and use seed bank stored in the topsoil away from its source, like in my case on a ex-farm land.
- I look at the use of topsoil and the seed stored therein as a way to manipulate the environmental filters that stop the degraded site from reaching its full compositional potential of plant assembly. Topsoil can be treated & used in multiple way to address the negative impact of local environmental filter. I will show how:
- you may wonder why I present only densities? Oh well there was relatively strong correlation between the number and the diversity among native seedlings emerging.